Catabolism Anatomy Quiz: Trivia Exam!

Catabolism refers to the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, usually accompanied by the release of energy. Hydrolysis specifically involves the breaking of a chemical bond using water, resulting in the separation of the original molecule into two or more smaller molecules. This process is a prime example of catabolism as it breaks down larger molecules into smaller ones through the addition of water molecules. Dehydration synthesis, on the other hand, is the opposite process where smaller molecules are combined to form larger ones by removing water molecules. Carbohydrate storage does not involve the breakdown of molecules and is not an example of catabolism.

Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction that breaks down molecules by adding water. It is known to decompose carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Therefore, the correct answer is proteins.

Water is a polar molecule, meaning it has a slightly positive end and a slightly negative end. This polarity allows water to attract and surround other polar molecules, such as sugar and salt, breaking them apart. In the case of fat, which is nonpolar, water is used to emulsify it by surrounding and dispersing the fat molecules. Therefore, water is used to split all these substances.

During hydrolysis of a disaccharide, the bond between the simple sugars breaks, and the water molecule supplies a hydrogen atom to one sugar molecule and a hydroxyl group to the other. This is true because hydrolysis is a chemical reaction in which a bond is broken by the addition of a water molecule. In the case of disaccharides, the bond between the two sugar molecules is broken, and the water molecule donates a hydrogen atom to one sugar molecule and a hydroxyl group to the other, resulting in the formation of two separate monosaccharides.

Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction in which water is used to break down a compound into its individual components. Dehydration synthesis, on the other hand, is a reaction in which water is removed to join two smaller molecules together to form a larger one. Since hydrolysis is the reverse of dehydration synthesis, it means that the reaction that breaks down a compound into smaller components is the opposite of the reaction that joins smaller molecules together. Therefore, the given statement that hydrolysis is the reverse of dehydration synthesis is true.

Hydrolysis is a chemical process that uses water to break down larger molecules into smaller units. In the context of this question, hydrolysis breaks down carbohydrates into monosaccharides (simple sugars), fats into glycerol and fatty acids, and nucleic acids into nucleotides. This process is important for the digestion and absorption of these macromolecules in the body.

Hydrolysis is a chemical process that involves breaking down molecules by adding water. This process is facilitated by specific enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze the reaction. Without these enzymes, hydrolysis reactions would occur at a much slower rate or may not occur at all. Therefore, it is true that hydrolysis requires specific enzymes to take place efficiently.

The reactions of metabolism are reversible. This is because metabolic reactions involve a series of chemical reactions that can be both catabolic (breaking down molecules) and anabolic (building up molecules). These reactions can proceed in either direction depending on the cellular needs and the availability of substrates. Therefore, the statement that the reactions of metabolism are not reversible is false.

Catabolism is a metabolic process that involves breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones. This process releases energy and helps to extract nutrients from the molecules. Therefore, the correct answer is "larger; smaller" because catabolism starts with larger molecules and breaks them down into smaller molecules.

Catabolistic reactions involve the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, resulting in the release of energy. Therefore, the correct answer is "release" as catabolistic reactions release energy.

Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction that involves the breaking of a compound using water. In this process, water molecules are added to the compound, causing it to break down into smaller molecules or ions. Therefore, the correct answer is "adds," as hydrolysis involves the addition of water.