Block 6 GI Embryo Body Cavi BRS W Exp
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- 1.A congenital diaphragmatic hernia may result from failure of the
- A.
Septum transversum to develop
- B.
Pleuroperitoneal membranes to fuse in a normal fashion
- C.
Pleuropericardial membrane to develop corn pletely
- D.
Dorsal mesentery of the esophagus to develop
- E.
Body wall to form the peripheral part of the diaphragm
- 2.A congenital diaphragmatic hernia most commonly occurs
- A.
On the right anteromedial side
- B.
On the right posterolateral side
- C.
On the left anteromedial side
- D.
On the left posterolateral side
- E.
Anywhere on the left side
- 3.A congenital diaphragmatic hernia is usually life-threatening because it is associated with
- A.
Pulmonary hypoplasia
- B.
Pulmonary hyperplasia
- C.
Physiologic umbilical hernia
- D.
Liver hypoplasia
- E.
Liver agenesis
- 4.An 8-day-old boy presents with a history of complete loss of breath at times and of turning blue on a number of occasions. If the baby is placed in an upright or sitting position, his breathing improves. Physical exam reveals an unusually flat stomach when the newborn is lying down; auscultation demonstrates no breath sounds on the left side of the thorax. What is the diagnosis?
- A.
Physiologic umbilical herniation
- B.
Esophageal hiatal hernia
- C.
Tetralogy of Fallot
- D.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
- E.
Tricuspid atresia
- 5.During week 4, the developing diaphragm is located at
- A.
C3, C4, C5
- B.
T3, T4, T5
- C.
T8, T9, T10
- D.
1,1, L2, L3
- E.
L4, L5, L6
- 6.An apparently healthy newborn with a hardy appetite has begun feedings with formula. When she is laid down in the crib after feeding, she experiences projectile vomiting. Which of the following conditions is a probable cause of this vomiting?
- A.
Physiologic umbilical herniation
- B.
Esophageal hiatal hernia
- C.
Tetralogy of 1:allot
- D.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
- E.
Tracheoesophageal fistula
- 7.Pancreatic islets consist of alpha, beta, and delta cells, which secrete glucagon, insulin, and somatostatin, respectively. These cells are derived from
- A.
Mesoderm
- B.
Endoderm
- C.
Ectoderm
- D.
Neuroectoderm
- E.
Neural crest cells
- 8.A 2-month-old baby with severe jaundice also has dark-colored urine (deep yellow) and white clay-colored stool. Which of the following disorders might be suspected?
- A.
Esophageal stenosis
- B.
Annular pancreas
- C.
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
- D.
Extrahepatic biliary atresia
- E.
Duodenal atresia
- 9.A 28-day-old baby is brought to the physician because of projectile vomiting after feeding. Until this time, the baby has had no problems in feeding. On examination, a small knot is palpated at the right costal margin. Which of the following disorders might be suspected?
- A.
Esophageal stenosis
- B.
Annular pancreas
- C.
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
- D.
Extrahepatic biliary atresia
- E.
Duodenal atresia
- 10.Which of the following arteries supplies foregut derivatives of the digestive system?
- A.
Celiac trunk
- B.
Superior mesenteric artery
- C.
Inferior mesenteric artery
- D.
Right umbilical artery
- E.
Intercostal artery
- 11.The most common type of anorectal malformation is
- A.
Imperforate anus
- B.
Anal agenesis
- C.
Anorectal agenesis
- D.
Rectal atresia
- E.
Colonic aganglionosis
- 12.The simple columnar or cuboidal epithelium lining the extrahepatic biliary ducts is derived from
- A.
Mesoderm
- B.
Endoderm
- C.
Ectoderm
- D.
Neuroectoderm
- E.
Neural crest cells
- 13.A 4-day-old baby boy has not defecated since coming home from the hospital even though feeding has been normal without any excessive vomiting. Rectal examination reveals a normal anus, anal canal, and rectum. However, a large fecal mass is found in the colon, and a large release of flatus and feces follows the rectal examination. Which of the following conditions would be suspected?
- A.
Imperforate anus
- B.
Anal agenesis
- C.
Anorectal agenesis
- D.
Rectal atresia
- E.
Colonic aganglionosis
- 14.Which one of the following structures is derived from the midgut?
- A.
Appendix
- B.
Stomach
- C.
Liver
- D.
Pancreas
- E.
Sigmoid colon
- 15.A 3-month-old baby girl presents with a swollen umbilicus that has failed to heal normally. The umbilicus drains secretions, and there is passage of fecal material through the umbilicus at times. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- A.
Omphalocele
- B.
Gast roschisis
- C.
Anal agenesis
- D.
Ileal diverticulum
- E.
Intestinal stenosis
- 16.The midgut loop normally herniates through the primitive umbilical ring into the extraembryonic coelom during week 6 of development. Failure of the intestinal loops to return to the abdominal cavity by week 11 results in the formation of
- A.
Omphalocele
- B.
Gastroschisis
- C.
Anal agenesis
- D.
Ileal diverticulum
- E.
Intestinal stenosis
- 17.Kupffer cells present in the adult liver are derived from
- A.
Mesoderm
- B.
Endoderm
- C.
Ectoderm
- D.
Neuroectoderm
- E.
Neural crest cells
- 18.The simple columnar and stratified columnar epithelia lining the lower part of the anal canal is derived from
- A.
Mesoderm
- B.
Endoderm
- C.
Ectoderm
- D.
Neuroectoderm
- E.
Neural crest cells
- 19.A baby born to a young woman whose pregnancy was complicated by polyhydramnios was placed in the intensive care unit because of repeated vomiting containing bile. The stomach was markedly distended, & only small amounts of meconium had passed through the anus. What is the most likely diagnosis?
- A.
Esophageal stenosis
- B.
Annular pancreas
- C.
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
- D.
Extrahepatic biliary atresia
- E.
Duodenal atresia
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