The endocrine system is made up of glands that produce and secrete hormones, chemical substances produced in the body that regulate the activity of cells or organs. These hormones regulate the body's growth, metabolism and sexual development and function. Take up the third quiz below on the endocrine system and test yourself before the exam.
Insulin
Cortisol
Progesterone
Aldosterone
Estradiol
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True
False
Ponyrides
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Calcitonin
Melanin
Melatonin
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Hormone clearance
The cascade effect
The synergistic effect
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Hypoparathyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Hypocalcemia
Hypoglycemia
Hypoxemia
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The resistance stage; cortisol
The resistance stage; aldosterone and cortisol
The alarm reaction; norepinephrine and epinephrine
The alarm reaction; cortisol
The exhaustion stage; norepinephrine and epinephrine
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Thymus
Thyroid gland
Parathyroid gland
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Kidneys
Adrenal gland
Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)
Hypothalamus
Pancreas
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Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Corticotropin relasing hormone (CRH)
Growth hormone (GH)
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The resistance stage; cortisol
The alarm reaction; cortisol
The resistance stage; aldosterone and cortisol
The alarm reaction; norepinephrine and epinephrine
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T3
T4
T5
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Pancreas
Adrenal gland
Salivary gland
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Diabetes insipidus
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Glucagon depletion
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Epinephrine hypersecretion
Corisol hypersecretion
Aldosterone hypersecretion
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) hyposecretion
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) hypersecretion
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Aldosterone hypersecretion
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) hyposecretion
Cortisol hypersecretion
Epinephrine hypersecretion
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) hypersecretion
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Thyroid gland
Adrenal gland
Parathryoid gland
Thymus
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Anemic hypoxia
Ischemic hypoxia
Hypoxemic hypoxia
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Epinephrine
ADH
Calcitonin
T3
Oxytocin
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Heart failure due to infarction leading to ischemia
Right heart failure due to obstruction of pulmonary circulation
Right heart hypertrophy due to increased systemic return
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Liver gluconeogenesis
Ketone bodies
Glucagon deficiency
Insulin deficency
Their sweet personality
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Glucagon, which raises blood glucose
Glucagon, which lowers blood glucose
Insulin, which lowers blood glucose
Insulin, which raises blood glucose
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Adrenal medulla; epinephrine
Adrenal cortex; aldosterone
Pancreas; cortisol
Kidneys; corticosterone
Thryoid; calcitonin
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Myzedema
Graves disease
Cushing syndrome
Goiter
Acromegaly
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ADH
PTH
HGH
ACTH
FSH
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Prolactin (PRL)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Oxytocin (OT)
Thyroid hormone (TH)
Groth hormone (GH)
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Cortisol
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Angiotensin
Aldosterone
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The body produces autoantibodies that destroy the pancreatic beta cells in type 1 DM
Target cells are unresponsibe to insulin in type 2 DM
Both type 1 and type 2 DM are characterized by lack of, or low levels of, insulin
Diabetic neuropathy is common long term effect of DM
Type 2 DM is more common than type 1 DM
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Cystic fibrosis
Tuberculosis
Emphysema
Bronchitis
Pneumonia
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Hypoglycemia
Polyuria
Polyphagia (hunger)
Polydipsia (thirst)
Glycosuria (sugar in urine)
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Insulin
Antidiuretic hormone (adh)
Estrogen
Glucagon
Oxytocin (ot)
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Negative feedback inhibition
An antagonistic effect
Receptor down- regulation
Enzyme amplification
Compensatory hypothalamic feedback
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Arachidonic acid
Leukotriene
Prostacyclin
Prostaglandins
Thromboxanes
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A mass of endocrine and neural cells
A portal system between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland
A bulky nucleus composed of the paraventricular nucleus and the supraoptic nucleus
A depression of the sphenoid bone that protects the pituitary gland
A projection of the hypothalamus from which the pituitary gland hangs
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Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Leutenizing hormone (LH)
Oxytocin (OT)
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Prolactin
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Aldosterone
Testosterone
Cortisol
Calcitriol
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The anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis) with the hypothalamus
The posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) with the hypothalamus
The anterior pituitary with the posterior pituitary
The hypothalamus with its target organs
The pituitary with its target organs
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Aldosterone; addison's disease
Cortisol; cushing's syndrome
ADH; grave's disease
T3, myedema
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ACTH hypersecretion by the pituitary
ACTH- secreting tumors
Hyperactivity of the adrenal cortex
Hyperactivity of the adrenal medulla
Excess cortisol secretion
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Monoamine; bound to thyroxine- binding globulin (TBG)
Monoamine; unbound (free)
Steroid; bound to transcortin- binding protein (TBP)
Catecholamins; bound to thyroxine- binding globulin (TBG)
Steroid; unbound (free)
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Promotes glycogen synthesis
Stimulates protein synthesis
Stimulates glucose intake by most organs
Down regulates the immune system
Inhibits fat digestion
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TSH
ADH
Epinephrine
Melatonin
T3 and T4
Aldosterone
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The realease of arachidonic acid from the plasma membrane
The action of phospholipase A1
The action of phospholipase A2
The action of lipoxygenase
The action of cycloozygenase
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Inhibits fat digestion
Stimulates protein synthesis
Promotes glycogen synthesis
Stimulates glucose intake by most organs
Promotes breakdown of fat and protein
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Epinephrine
ADH
Calcitonin
T3
Oxytocin
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Trachea
Primary bronchi
Type 1 pneumocytes
Type 2 pneumocytes
Alveoli
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Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Luteinizing hormon (LH)
Thyrotropin relaseasing hormone (TRH)
Oxtocin (OT)
Growth hormone releasing homrone (GHRH)
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Ketone bodies
Hyperglycemia
Nerve damage
Insulin deficiency
Poor circulation
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Pancrease; cortisol
Andrenal medulla; acth
Thyroid; tsh
Thyroid, calictonin
Adrenal cortex; epinephrine
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