B1 You And Your Genes

Cystic Fibrosis is an inherited disease that affects the lungs and digestive system. It is caused by a defective gene that leads to the production of thick and sticky mucus in the airways and digestive tract. This mucus clogs the airways, making it difficult to breathe, and also affects the pancreas, preventing the release of digestive enzymes. As a result, individuals with cystic fibrosis often experience symptoms such as persistent coughing, frequent lung infections, difficulty gaining weight, and poor digestion.

An unspecialized cell that has the ability to differentiate into different types of cells in the body is called a stem cell. Stem cells are unique because they can divide and renew themselves for long periods of time, and they have the potential to develop into specialized cell types. On the other hand, a growing cell does not necessarily imply that it is unspecialized or has the ability to differentiate into different cell types. Therefore, the correct answer is stem cell.

We have 23 pairs of chromosomes in our body. Chromosomes are thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins that carry genetic information. Each pair of chromosomes consists of one chromosome from the mother and one from the father. These chromosomes contain genes that determine various traits and characteristics of an individual. The number 23 is correct because humans have 22 pairs of autosomes (non-sex chromosomes) and 1 pair of sex chromosomes (XX for females and XY for males), totaling 23 pairs.

The sex chromosomes for females are XX. In humans, females have two X chromosomes, while males have one X and one Y chromosome. The presence of two X chromosomes in females determines their biological sex.

Gene therapy has the potential to save lives in the future. This experimental technique involves introducing or modifying genes in a person's cells to treat or prevent diseases. By targeting the root cause of genetic disorders, gene therapy aims to provide long-lasting or permanent solutions. Although still in its early stages, gene therapy has shown promising results in clinical trials for various conditions, including inherited disorders and certain types of cancer. With further advancements and research, it is hopeful that gene therapy will become a viable option to save lives and improve the quality of life for individuals with genetic diseases.

In-vitro fertilization (IVF) is a medical procedure where an egg is fertilized by sperm outside the body, in a laboratory dish. The fertilized egg, or embryo, is then implanted into the uterus to establish a pregnancy. IVF is a widely used method for couples who have difficulty conceiving naturally. Therefore, it is true that you can have a baby by having in-vitro fertilization.

An allele refers to a different form of a gene. Genes are segments of DNA that determine specific traits or characteristics in an organism. Each gene can have multiple forms, known as alleles, which can vary in their sequence and ultimately result in different variations of the trait controlled by that gene. Therefore, the correct answer is "a different form of gene."

The correct answer is "Someone has a test to see if the baby has any genetic diseases." This explanation aligns with the concept of in-vitro fertilization (IVF), which involves fertilizing an egg with sperm outside of the body and then implanting the resulting embryo into the uterus. IVF allows for preimplantation genetic testing, where embryos can be screened for genetic diseases before being implanted, reducing the risk of passing on inherited diseases to the baby.

If someone has Cystic Fibrosis and their parents are carriers of the inherited disease, the genotype of the person would be Cf. This is because Cystic Fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder, meaning that both copies of the gene (one from each parent) need to be mutated in order for the disease to be present. The lowercase "c" represents the mutated allele for Cystic Fibrosis, while the uppercase "F" represents the normal allele. Since the person has Cystic Fibrosis, they must have inherited the mutated allele from both parents.

The correct order from smallest to largest is Gene, Cell, Chromosome, Nucleus. Genes are the smallest units of heredity and are found within cells. Cells are the basic structural and functional units of living organisms. Chromosomes are structures within cells that contain genes. The nucleus is the central part of a cell that contains the chromosomes. Therefore, the correct order is Gene, Cell, Chromosome, Nucleus.

A gene is a unit of inheritance that is located inside the nucleus. It carries the genetic information that is passed down from one generation to the next. The nucleus is the organelle within a cell that contains the genetic material, including the genes. Therefore, the correct answer is that a gene is inside the nucleus and is a unit of inheritance.