Pedigree Analysis Quiz Questions With Answers
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The Pedigree Analysis Quiz is designed to test your understanding of genetic inheritance through the analysis of family trees. In this quiz, you will encounter a series of pedigree analysis questions that challenge your ability to interpret the inheritance patterns of traits across generations. These questions will cover a variety of concepts such as dominant, recessive, and sex-linked inheritance, allowing you to apply Mendelian principles to real-life scenarios.
By examining how genetic traits are passed down through family members, you will enhance your ability to predict the likelihood of these traits appearing in future generations. If you are preparing Read morefor exams or seeking to solidify your knowledge, this quiz offers a comprehensive review of pedigree analysis.
Pedigree Analysis Questions and Answers
- 1.
In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait. What is the inheritance pattern for this trait?
- A.
Codominant Inheritance
- B.
Autosomal recessive
- C.
Sex linked dominant
- D.
X-Linked Dominant Inheritance
Correct Answer
B. Autosomal recessiveExplanation
In this pedigree, the trait appears to skip generations, and both males and females are affected with roughly equal frequency. These observations suggest an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern.
Here's why:
Autosomal: The trait appears in both sexes, indicating it's not linked to a sex chromosome.
Recessive: The trait skips generations, meaning unaffected individuals can have affected offspring. This is a hallmark of recessive inheritance, where both parents must carry the recessive allele for the trait to appear in their child.
The information about marriage partners from outside the family further supports this conclusion, as it suggests that the trait is relatively rare in the general population, which is often the case with recessive conditions.Rate this question:
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- 2.
In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait. Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 1 (Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)
- A.
AA
- B.
Aa
- C.
Aa
Correct Answer
B. AaExplanation
Based on the information provided, the affected individuals in the pedigree are shown shaded. Since none of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait, it can be inferred that the trait is likely inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Individual #1 is not affected, so they could either be homozygous dominant (AA) or heterozygous (Aa) for the trait. Since the trait is not shown in either of their parents, it is more likely that individual #1 is heterozygous (Aa) for the trait.Rate this question:
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- 3.
In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait. Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 2 (Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)
- A.
AA
- B.
Aa
- C.
Aa
Correct Answer
B. AaExplanation
Individual #2 can have a genotype of Aa because they are affected by the trait, which means they must have at least one copy of the dominant allele A. However, since they are affected, they must also have a copy of the recessive allele a. Therefore, their genotype can be Aa.Rate this question:
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- 4.
In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait. Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 3 (Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)
- A.
AA
- B.
Aa
- C.
Aa
Correct Answer
A. AAExplanation
Individual #3 must have the genotype AA because the trait is dominant and both of their parents are affected (shaded), meaning they have at least one copy of the dominant allele. Since none of the marriage partners from outside the families are heterozygous for the trait, it can be inferred that both parents of individual #3 are homozygous dominant (AA).Rate this question:
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- 5.
In a pedigree chart, if two unaffected individuals have a child with the trait, what is the most likely mode of inheritance for this trait?
- A.
Autosomal dominant
- B.
Autosomal recessive
- C.
X-linked dominant
- D.
X-linked recessive
Correct Answer
B. Autosomal recessiveExplanation
If two unaffected individuals (neither of them has the trait) have a child with the trait, the most likely mode of inheritance for this trait is autosomal recessive.
In autosomal recessive inheritance, the trait is typically "hidden" or not expressed in carriers (heterozygous individuals), but it can be expressed when two carriers have a child together, and both pass on the recessive allele for the trait. This means that two unaffected parents can have a child with the trait if they both carry a single copy of the recessive allele and pass it on to their child. This scenario is characteristic of autosomal recessive inheritance.Rate this question:
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- 6.
In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait. Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 5 (Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)
- A.
AA
- B.
Aa
- C.
Aa
Correct Answer
B. AaExplanation
Individual #5 is affected, meaning they have at least one copy of the dominant allele. Since they are not homozygous dominant (as marriage partners outside the family are not heterozygous), the only possible genotype for individual #5 is Aa, having one dominant allele and one recessive allele.Rate this question:
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- 7.
In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait. Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 6 (Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)
- A.
AA
- B.
Aa
- C.
Aa
Correct Answer
C. AaExplanation
Individual #6 must have the genotype aa because the trait is dominant and both of their parents are affected, meaning they must carry at least one copy of the dominant allele. Since the trait is not present in any of the marriage partners from outside the two families, it can be concluded that the trait is not inherited from any outside source and must be inherited from the affected parents.Rate this question:
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- 8.
In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait. Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 7 (Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)
- A.
AA
- B.
Aa
- C.
Aa
Correct Answer
B. AaExplanation
Individual #7 can have the genotype Aa. This is because the affected individuals in the pedigree are shown as shaded, indicating that they have the dominant trait. Since individual #7 is affected, they must have at least one copy of the dominant allele, which is represented by "A". However, since none of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait, individual #7 cannot have the genotype AA. Therefore, the only possible genotype for individual #7 is Aa.Rate this question:
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- 9.
In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait. Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 8 (Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)
- A.
AA
- B.
Aa
- C.
Aa
Correct Answer
B. AaExplanation
Individual #8 can have the genotype Aa. This is because the trait is dominant, and individual #8 is affected, which means they must have at least one dominant allele. Since none of the marriage partners from outside the families are heterozygous for the trait, it is likely that individual #8 inherited the dominant allele from one of their parents who is affected. Therefore, individual #8 can have the genotype Aa.Rate this question:
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- 10.
In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait. Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 9 (Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)
- A.
AA
- B.
Aa
- C.
Aa
Correct Answer(s)
A. AA
B. AaExplanation
Based on the information given, we can determine that the trait being referred to is dominant. Since none of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait, it implies that both parents of individual #9 are affected. Therefore, individual #9 can have either the genotype AA or Aa.Rate this question:
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- 11.
In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait. Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 10 (Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)
- A.
AA
- B.
Aa
- C.
Aa
Correct Answer
C. AaExplanation
Based on the information provided, we know that the trait is recessive since none of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait. Individual #10 is affected, which means they must have two copies of the recessive allele. Therefore, the genotype of individual #10 can only be aa.Rate this question:
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- 12.
In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait. Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 11 (Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)
- A.
AA
- B.
Aa
- C.
Aa
Correct Answer(s)
A. AA
C. AaExplanation
Individual #11 is the child of two affected individuals, who are both shaded in the pedigree. Since the trait is shown as shaded, it is likely a dominant trait. Both affected individuals could either be heterozygous (Aa) or homozygous dominant (AA). Therefore, individual #11 could have either the genotype aa or AA.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What pattern of inheritance does this pedigree demonstrate?
- A.
Autosomal
- B.
Sex linked
Correct Answer
B. Sex linkedExplanation
The pedigree shows more males being affected than females, which suggests a sex-linked inheritance pattern. In sex-linked disorders, the gene responsible for the trait is located on the sex chromosomes (usually the X chromosome). Since males only have one X chromosome, they are more likely to express the trait if they inherit the affected X. Females, with two X chromosomes, are less likely to express the trait unless they inherit two copies of the affected gene. Therefore, the inheritance pattern here is sex-linked.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What pattern of inheritance does this pedigree demonstrate? (HINT: Look carefully practice with genotypes if necessary)
- A.
Dominant
- B.
Recessive
Correct Answer
A. DominantExplanation
In this pedigree, the trait is dominant because the affected female (#4) is heterozygous (XBXb) and has a son who expresses the trait. The father (#3) is XbY, meaning he passed the Y chromosome to his son, but the son still inherits the dominant allele (XB) from his mother. This confirms that the inheritance is dominant. Dominant traits are typically expressed even if only one allele is present, which is the case here.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Indicate the pattern of inheritance observed for pedigree A.
- A.
Dominant
- B.
Recessive
Correct Answer
B. RecessiveExplanation
Pedigree A suggests a recessive inheritance pattern because the trait skips a generation. In recessive inheritance, individuals who do not show the trait can still carry the gene and pass it on. It can appear in offspring only if both parents are carriers of the recessive allele. In this case, neither parent expresses the trait, but one child does, indicating the trait is recessive. It could also be X-linked recessive, but without additional information, autosomal recessive is a reasonable conclusion.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Indicate the pattern of inheritance observed for pedigree B.
- A.
Autosomal dominant
- B.
Autosomal recessive
- C.
Sex linked dominant
- D.
Sex linked recessive
Correct Answer
B. Autosomal recessiveExplanation
In Pedigree B, both daughters express the trait, and neither son does, despite both parents being affected. This suggests an autosomal recessive pattern. In autosomal recessive inheritance, the trait appears only when both parents carry the recessive allele, and the child inherits two copies of the recessive gene. Since both daughters express the trait but neither son does, it is likely the parents are heterozygous carriers, with both passing the recessive allele to the daughters.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Indicate the pattern of inheritance observed for pedigree C.
- A.
Autosomal dominant
- B.
Autosomal recessive
- C.
Sex linked dominant
- D.
Sex linked recessive
Correct Answer
B. Autosomal recessiveExplanation
In Pedigree C, neither parent expresses the trait, but both a son and a daughter do. This suggests an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, where both parents are carriers of the recessive allele but do not show the trait themselves. The children express the trait because they inherit two copies of the recessive allele, one from each parent. Autosomal recessive traits can skip generations if the carriers do not express the trait but pass it on to their offspring.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Indicate the pattern of inheritance observed for pedigree D.
- A.
Dominant
- B.
Recessive
Correct Answer
A. DominantExplanation
Pedigree D suggests a dominant inheritance pattern because the trait appears in every generation, which is characteristic of dominant inheritance. In dominant inheritance, only one copy of the mutated gene is necessary for the trait to be expressed. The fact that the trait is passed down to offspring in each generation, and both males and females are affected, supports the conclusion that the trait follows a dominant inheritance pattern. Additionally, the trait could be X-linked dominant, as both daughters express the trait.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Indicate the pattern of inheritance observed for pedigree E.
- A.
Autosomal Recessive
- B.
X-Linked
- C.
Y-Linked
Correct Answer
A. Autosomal RecessiveExplanation
In Pedigree E, the trait appears to follow an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. This is because it can skip generations, meaning the trait may not appear in each generation, but can still be passed on by carriers. Both males and females are equally likely to inherit the trait, which is a hallmark of autosomal recessive inheritance. The trait is typically expressed in individuals who inherit two copies of the recessive allele, one from each parent.Rate this question:
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- 20.
What pattern of inheritance is shown in the pedigree?
- A.
Autosomal dominant
- B.
Autosomal recessive
- C.
Sex linked dominant
- D.
Sex linked recessive
Correct Answer
B. Autosomal recessiveExplanation
Autosomal recessive inheritance is suggested in this pedigree, as two unaffected parents have a child who expresses the trait. This scenario is typical of autosomal recessive inheritance, where both parents are carriers of the recessive allele but do not show the trait themselves. The trait is expressed in the child when they inherit two copies of the recessive allele, one from each parent. This pattern can also apply to other types of inheritance, but autosomal recessive fits the description here.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What pattern of inheritance is shown in the pedigree?
- A.
Autosomal dominant
- B.
Autosomal recessive
- C.
Sex linked dominant
- D.
Sex linked recessive
Correct Answer
B. Autosomal recessiveExplanation
The trait appears to skip generations in family I and family III, with equal numbers of affected males and females. This suggests autosomal recessive inheritance. For recessive traits, both parents must be carriers (heterozygous) for the trait to be expressed in their offspring, which may result in the trait being passed down through generations without being expressed in each generation.Rate this question:
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- 22.
What pattern of inheritance is shown in the pedigree?
- A.
Autosomal dominant
- B.
Autosomal recessive
- C.
Sex linked dominant
- D.
Sex linked recessive
Correct Answer
D. Sex linked recessiveExplanation
The pedigree indicates that only females are carriers of the trait, and more males than females are affected. This suggests sex-linked recessive inheritance. In such a pattern, males are typically affected because they have only one X chromosome, while females can be carriers if they have one affected X chromosome and one unaffected X chromosome.Rate this question:
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- 23.
What pattern of inheritance is shown in the pedigree?
- A.
Autosomal dominant
- B.
Autosomal recessive
- C.
Sex linked dominant
- D.
Sex linked recessive
Correct Answer
A. Autosomal dominantExplanation
Huntington's Disease, a well-known autosomal dominant disorder, follows a pattern where only one copy of the altered gene is sufficient to cause the disease. The trait appears in every generation, and both males and females can be affected. This pattern is clearly demonstrated in the pedigree, where affected individuals have at least one affected parent.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What pattern of inheritance is shown in the pedigree?
- A.
Autosomal dominant
- B.
Autosomal recessive
- C.
Sex linked dominant
- D.
Sex linked recessive
Correct Answer
B. Autosomal recessiveExplanation
The pedigree shows that the trait skips generations I and III, and both males and females are carriers. This suggests autosomal recessive inheritance. Recessive traits often skip generations, and both parents must be carriers of the recessive allele for the trait to appear in their offspring.Rate this question:
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.webp "In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait.
Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 1
(Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)")
.webp "In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait.
Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 2
(Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)")
.webp "In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait.
Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 3
(Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)")
.webp "In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait.
Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 5
(Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)")
(1).webp "In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait.
Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 6
(Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)")
(2).webp "In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait.
Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 7
(Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)")
(3).webp "In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait.
Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 8
(Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)")
(4).webp "In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait.
Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 9
(Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)")
(5).webp "In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait.
Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 10
(Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)")
(6).webp "In the above pedigree, the affected individuals are shown shaded. None of the marriage partners from outside these two families are heterozygous for the trait.
Indicate the genotype(s) of individual # 11
(Allow the dominant trait to be “A” and the recessive trait to be “a” – NOTE: Some may have two possible genotypes)")
.webp "What pattern of inheritance does this pedigree demonstrate? (HINT: Look carefully practice with genotypes if necessary)")
.webp "Indicate the pattern of inheritance observed for pedigree B.")
.webp "Indicate the pattern of inheritance observed for pedigree C.")
.webp "Indicate the pattern of inheritance observed for pedigree D.")
.webp "Indicate the pattern of inheritance observed for pedigree E.")
.webp "What pattern of inheritance is shown in the pedigree?")
.webp "What pattern of inheritance is shown in the pedigree?")
.webp "What pattern of inheritance is shown in the pedigree?")
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Jan 16, 2025Quiz Edited by
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Feb 06, 2016Quiz Created by
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