Biochemistry And Cell Biology! Hardest Trivia Quiz
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- 1.Water has an important stabilizing effect on temperature in living organisms and their environments because as water absorbs heat, much of the energy is used to ____________ instead of raising the temperature.
- A.
Create covalent bonds
- B.
Create hydrogen bonds
- C.
Break surface tension
- D.
Break hydrogen bonds
- E.
Create hydration layers
- 2.Reactions that use the equivalent of a water molecule to break a molecule into smaller subunits are called
- A.
Equilibrium reactions
- B.
Hydration reactions
- C.
Hydrolysis reactions
- D.
Redox reactions
- E.
Dehydration synthesis reactions
- 3.Which of these terms is most inclusive?
- A.
Monosaccharide
- B.
Starch
- C.
Polysaccharide
- D.
Disaccharide
- E.
Carbohydrate
- 4.Which functional group is polar, consists of oxygen and hydrogen, and is a key component of alcohols?
- A.
Carboxyl
- B.
Hydroxyl
- C.
Phosphate
- D.
Amino
- E.
Carboxyl
- 5.Which functional group is responsible for the coiled shape of DNA?
- A.
Carboxyl
- B.
Hydroxyl
- C.
Phosphate
- D.
Amino
- E.
Carboxyl
- 6.Which functional group is found in all proteins?
- A.
Carbonyl
- B.
Hydroxyl
- C.
Phosphate
- D.
Amino
- 7.What kinds of reactions remove the equivalent of a water molecule when subunits are joined to make a larger molecule?
- A.
Equilibrium reactions
- B.
Hydration reactions
- C.
Hydrolysis reactions
- D.
Redox reactions
- E.
Dehydration synthesis reactions
- 8.Although they have a diversity of structures, all members of this group of organic molecules are primarily nonpolar and thus water-insoluble.
- A.
Proteins
- B.
Lipids
- C.
Nucleic acids
- D.
Carbohydrates
- E.
Amino acids
- 9.What organic molecules have a chemical formula that is (or is very nearly) a multiple of 1 Carbon atom to 1 Water molecule?
- A.
Proteins
- B.
Lipids
- C.
Nucleic acids
- D.
Carbohydrates
- E.
Amino acids
- 10.What kind of molecules are monosaccharides and disaccharides?
- A.
Proteins
- B.
Lipids
- C.
Nucleic acids
- D.
Carbohydrates
- E.
Amino acids
- 11.Which group of organic molecules are held together with peptide bonds?
- A.
Proteins
- B.
Lipids
- C.
Nucleic acids
- D.
Carbohydrates
- E.
Amino acids
- 12.Probably the most abundant carbohydrate on Earth, this unbranched chain of B-glucose subunits is the primary structural molecule in plant cell walls.
- A.
Chitin
- B.
Amylopectin
- C.
Cellulose
- D.
Glycogen
- E.
Amylose
- 13.In many animals this polysaccharide is found in large quantities in liver and muscle cells. It is highly branched.
- A.
Chitin
- B.
Amylopectin
- C.
Cellulose
- D.
Glycogen
- E.
Amylose
- 14.An amphipathic molecule, such as a soap or detergent, has
- A.
Two hydrophilic portions
- B.
Two hydrophobic portions
- C.
A hydrophobic and a hydrophilic portion
- D.
Only one hydrophobic portion
- E.
Only one hydrophilic portion
- 15.In which of the following reactions must the equivalent of a water molecule be added in order to break a bond?
- A.
Fatty acid + glycerol = fat
- B.
Glucose + fructose = sucrose
- C.
Glycogen = glucose
- D.
Alanine + glycine = dipeptide
- E.
Glucose = cellulose
- 16.Which of these are the main structural components of biological membranes?
- A.
Starches
- B.
Triglycerides
- C.
Proteins
- D.
Phospholipids
- E.
Steroids
- 17.Which of the following is NOT a major function of proteins in living organisms?
- A.
Speeding up biological reactions
- B.
Transporting substances across membranes
- C.
Providing structural support
- D.
Regulating the activity of other cellular molecules
- E.
Storing genetic information
- 18.Proteins are polymers of
- A.
Amino acids
- B.
Monosaccharides
- C.
Steroids
- D.
Nucleotides
- E.
Phospholipids
- 19.What structure is defined as the sequence of amino acids in a protein?
- A.
Primary
- B.
Secondary
- C.
Tertiary
- D.
Quaternary
- E.
Globular
- 20.The structure of a protein that refers to the conformation, or overall three-dimensional shape, of a polypeptide that has been folded into a functional protein...
- A.
Primary
- B.
Secondary
- C.
Tertiary
- D.
Quaternary
- E.
Globular
- 21.Which structure of a protein is determined between the amino acids side groups from two different polypeptide chains?
- A.
Primary
- B.
Secondary
- C.
Tertiary
- D.
Quaternary
- E.
Globular
- 22.Plant cells have one big____ used for storage, but animal cells have lots of small ones.
- A.
Nucleus
- B.
Mitochondria
- C.
Vacuole
- D.
Cytoplasm
- 23.Excessive heat or extremes of pH often cause denaturation of proteins, which means that the proteins.
- A.
Have fallen apart into individual monomer subunits.
- B.
Are no longer biological molecules.
- C.
Have broken into many separate domains.
- D.
Are no longer in a functional three dimensional structure.
- E.
Are highly reactive.
- 24.Which description best fits the cell membrane?
- A.
Transparent
- B.
Rigid for support
- C.
Thick and waxy
- D.
Semi-permeable
- 25.Having many ribosomes attached to it, this organelle produces proteins as well as other substances and then transports them to other parts of the cell
- A.
Rough ER
- B.
Smooth ER
- C.
Nucleolus
- 26."Fluid mosaic model" is a term used to describe the
- A.
Nuclear envelope
- B.
Mitochondrial cristae
- C.
Plasma membrane
- 27.These openings in the nuclear envelope allow substances to enter and leave the nucleus
- A.
Integral proteins
- B.
Nuclear pores
- C.
Peripheral proteins
- 28.This structure, not found in animal cells, provides strength for plant cells and is found outside the plasma membrane
- A.
Central vacuole
- B.
Plastid
- C.
Cell wall
- 29.The process by which substances pass through the cell membrane without expending energy is called:
- A.
Endocytosis
- B.
Passive transport
- C.
Active transport
- D.
Phagocytosis
- 30.The process by which substances move from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentration is called:
- A.
Phagocytosis
- B.
Diffusion
- C.
Active transport
- D.
Endocytosis
- 31.The movement of water through a selectively peremeable membrane is known as:
- A.
Facilitated diffusion
- B.
Osmosis
- C.
Diffusion
- D.
Active transport
- 32.The site where ribosomes are assembled is the:
- A.
Nucleus
- B.
DNA
- C.
Chromosome
- D.
Nucleolus
- 33.Because bacteria do not contain nuclei, they are known as:
- A.
Prokaryotes
- B.
Phagocytes
- C.
Eukaryotes
- D.
Endocytes
- 34.Which structure would a cell that is active in protein synthesis contain?
- A.
Contractile vacuoles
- B.
Nuclei
- C.
Chloroplasts
- D.
Ribosomes
- 35.Which structures would be found in a maple tree cell but not a human cell?
- A.
Lysomes and mitochondria
- B.
Chloroplasts and cell walls
- C.
Ribosomes and cell membranes
- D.
Nuclei and cell membranes
- 36.Which plant organelle stores water?
- A.
Nucleus
- B.
Lysosome
- C.
Ribosome
- D.
Vacuole
- 37.Inside a cell, the cytoplasm consists of a .4 M concentration. If dropped into a beaker containing .25 M solution, the cell would be....
- A.
Hypotonic
- B.
Hypertonic
- C.
Isotonic
- 38.Inside a cell, the cytoplasm consists of a .4 M concentration. If dropped into a beaker containing .25 M solution, the cell would....
- A.
Swell
- B.
Shrink
- C.
No net change
- 39.Osmosis is...
- A.
A special case of diffusion.
- B.
A type of passive transport
- C.
A type of active transport.
- D.
Type of diffusion, and passive transport.
- E.
Type of diffusion, and type of active transport.
- 40.The molecule is able to move into a cell due to facilitated diffusion.
- A.
Oxygen
- B.
Water
- C.
Starch
- D.
Glucose
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