Anatomy & Physiology Review Questions Practice Quiz

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1. Inflammation of the appendix is called:

Explanation

Appendicitis is the correct answer because it refers to the inflammation of the appendix. The other options, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, and diverticulitis, refer to inflammation of the pancreas, gallbladder, and diverticula respectively, not the appendix. Therefore, appendicitis is the most appropriate term for inflammation of the appendix.

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About This Quiz
Anatomy & Physiology Review Questions Practice Quiz - Quiz

The organs in the human body are divided into systems depending on their functions. Can you identify all these systems and organs and their locations at the top of your head? If you said a big yes, the quiz below is perfect for you. Give it a try and see... see morehow high you score.
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2. The liver, stomach, mouth and pancreas are in the _______ system:

Explanation

The liver, stomach, mouth, and pancreas are all organs involved in the process of digestion. They work together to break down food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate waste. Therefore, these organs belong to the digestive system, which is responsible for the digestion and absorption of food in the body.

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3. The bladder, urethra, kidney, and ureters are in the ______ system:

Explanation

The correct answer is urinary. The bladder, urethra, kidney, and ureters are all part of the urinary system. This system is responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and eliminating them from the body through urine. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's fluid balance, regulating blood pressure, and removing toxins.

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4. In the human body, the senses include all of the following EXCEPT:

Explanation

The human body has five main senses: sight (eyes), hearing (ears), taste (tongue), touch (skin), and smell (nose). While teeth are an important part of the body, they are not considered a sense organ and do not contribute to any of the five senses. Therefore, teeth are the correct answer for this question.

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5. The trachea, nose, lungs, and pharynx are in the ___ system:

Explanation

The trachea, nose, lungs, and pharynx are all part of the respiratory system. This system is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body. The trachea and lungs help in the process of breathing, while the nose and pharynx are involved in filtering, warming, and moistening the air we breathe. Therefore, the correct answer is respiratory.

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6. The pubis is located in the:

Explanation

The pubis is located in the pelvis. The pelvis is a bony structure that connects the spine to the lower limbs. It consists of several bones, including the pubis, which is one of the three bones that make up the hip bone. The pubis is located in the front and lower part of the pelvis, and it helps to support the abdominal organs and provide attachment points for muscles involved in movement and stability of the pelvis and lower limbs.

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7. The major artery that supplies the foot is called the:

Explanation

The dorsalis pedis is the major artery that supplies blood to the foot. It is located on the top of the foot, just below the ankle joint. This artery is responsible for delivering oxygenated blood to the foot and toes, allowing for proper circulation and function. The popliteal artery is located behind the knee and supplies blood to the lower leg and calf muscles. The iliac artery is located in the pelvis and supplies blood to the lower abdomen, pelvis, and legs. The renal artery supplies blood to the kidneys.

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8. Inflammation of the sinus cavity is called:

Explanation

Sinusitis is the correct answer because it refers to the inflammation of the sinus cavity. Sinusitis can cause symptoms such as nasal congestion, facial pain or pressure, headache, and a thick yellow or greenish discharge from the nose. It can be caused by various factors, including allergies, infections, or structural abnormalities in the nasal passages. Treatment for sinusitis may include antibiotics, nasal decongestants, saline nasal irrigation, and in some cases, surgery. Epistaxis refers to nosebleeds, asthma is a chronic respiratory condition, and emphysema is a lung disease characterized by damaged air sacs in the lungs.

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9. Inflammation of the pancreas is called:

Explanation

Pancreatitis is the correct answer because it refers to the inflammation of the pancreas. The suffix "-itis" indicates inflammation, and "pancrea-" refers to the pancreas. Colitis refers to inflammation of the colon, diverticulitis refers to inflammation of the diverticula (small pouches that form in the lining of the intestine), and cholecystitis refers to inflammation of the gallbladder. Therefore, only pancreatitis accurately describes inflammation of the pancreas.

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10. Inflammation of the retina is:

Explanation

Retinitis refers to the inflammation of the retina, which is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. This condition can be caused by various factors such as infection, autoimmune diseases, or exposure to certain toxins. Symptoms of retinitis may include blurred vision, floaters, and loss of peripheral vision. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent further damage to the retina and preserve vision. Peritonitis, colitis, and hernia are unrelated conditions and do not involve inflammation of the retina.

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11. The heart, lymphatic, organs, and blood vessels are in the _____ system:

Explanation

The heart, lymphatic organs, and blood vessels are all part of the cardiovascular system. This system is responsible for circulating blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells, and removing waste products. The respiratory system is responsible for breathing and gas exchange, the digestive system is responsible for processing food and absorbing nutrients, and the urinary system is responsible for filtering and eliminating waste products from the blood. Therefore, the correct answer is cardiovascular.

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12. The name for the collar bone is:

Explanation

The correct answer is clavicle. The clavicle, also known as the collarbone, is a long bone that connects the shoulder to the sternum. It is an important bone in the human body as it provides support and stability to the shoulder joint, allowing for a wide range of motion in the arm. The clavicle is easily palpable and can be felt just below the skin, making it a commonly known bone.

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13. The vertebrae are located in the:

Explanation

The vertebrae are located in the back. They are the individual bones that make up the spinal column and provide support and protection for the spinal cord.

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14. Identify # 76

Explanation

The correct answer is clavicle. The clavicle is a bone that connects the shoulder blade to the sternum. It is also known as the collarbone and is easily identifiable due to its S-shaped curve. The other options, humerus, sternum, and sacrum, are all different bones in the human body but are not the correct answer in this case.

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15.
Identify # 78

Explanation

The correct answer is "patella." The patella, also known as the kneecap, is a small bone located in the front of the knee joint. It acts as a protective covering for the knee joint and helps to improve the leverage of the thigh muscles. The other options listed (talus, phalanges, metatarsals) are bones found in the foot, not the knee.

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16. The central middle area of the abdomen is called the:

Explanation

The umbilical region refers to the central middle area of the abdomen. It is named after the umbilicus or belly button, which is located in this region. This area is important as it contains various vital organs such as the small intestine, parts of the large intestine, and the umbilical vessels. Therefore, the umbilical region is the correct answer in this case.

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17. Inflammation of the gums is called:

Explanation

Gingivitis is the correct answer because it refers to the inflammation of the gums. Stomatitis refers to the inflammation of the mouth, not specifically the gums. Dental inflammation is a general term that could encompass various conditions affecting the teeth and gums. Thrush, on the other hand, is a fungal infection that typically affects the mouth and throat, but it is not directly related to gum inflammation.

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18.
Identify # 77

Explanation

The correct answer is Femur. The femur is the longest and strongest bone in the human body, located in the thigh region. It connects the hip bone to the knee joint and plays a crucial role in supporting the body's weight and facilitating movement. The sacrum is a triangular bone at the base of the spine, the patella is the kneecap, and the fibula is a smaller bone in the lower leg. However, none of these options are as significant or prominent as the femur.

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19. When the internal environment of the body is functioning properly, a condition of:

Explanation

Homeostasis refers to the state of balance and stability in the internal environment of the body. It is achieved through various physiological mechanisms that regulate body temperature, blood pressure, pH levels, and other vital parameters within a narrow range. When the internal environment is functioning properly, all body systems are able to work harmoniously, ensuring optimal health and functioning. Homeostasis is crucial for the body to maintain its internal equilibrium and respond appropriately to external changes or stressors.

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20. Digestion begins in the mouth where food is chewed and mixed with a substance called:

Explanation

Digestion begins in the mouth where food is chewed and mixed with a substance called saliva. Saliva contains enzymes, such as amylase, that break down carbohydrates into smaller molecules. It also helps in lubricating the food, making it easier to swallow. Amino acid and fatty acid are not substances found in saliva and do not play a role in the initial stages of digestion. Therefore, the correct answer is saliva.

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21. The sebaceous glands, skin, hair, and nails make up the ______ system:

Explanation

The sebaceous glands, skin, hair, and nails are all components of the integumentary system. This system is responsible for protecting the body from external threats, regulating body temperature, and providing sensory information. The integumentary system also plays a role in the production of vitamin D and the elimination of waste through sweat.

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22. The patella is located in the:

Explanation

The patella, also known as the kneecap, is a small bone located in the knee joint. It sits in front of the femur (thigh bone) and helps to protect the knee joint and provide stability during movement. It is attached to the quadriceps tendon and helps to transmit the force generated by the quadriceps muscle to the lower leg. Therefore, the correct answer is knee.

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23. The study of bones is called:

Explanation

Osteology is the study of bones. It focuses on the structure, development, and function of bones in the human body. This field of study is important in various medical disciplines, including anatomy, anthropology, and forensic science. By understanding osteology, researchers and practitioners can gain insights into bone diseases, skeletal abnormalities, and even the evolution of different species.

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24. The major artery that supplies the kidney is called the ____ artery:

Explanation

The correct answer is renal. The renal artery is the major artery that supplies blood to the kidneys. It branches off from the abdominal aorta and carries oxygenated blood to the kidneys, allowing them to filter waste and maintain proper function. The celiac artery supplies blood to the stomach, liver, and other abdominal organs. The ulnar and brachial arteries are located in the arm and supply blood to the forearm and hand.

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25. Inflammation of the mucus lining of the vagina is called:

Explanation

Vaginitis is the correct answer because it refers to the inflammation of the mucus lining of the vagina. Phlegmon is a term used to describe a localized area of inflammation and tissue damage, usually associated with an infection. Pyorrhea is a condition that affects the gums and teeth, characterized by the discharge of pus. Thrush, on the other hand, is a fungal infection caused by Candida that commonly affects the mouth and throat, not the vagina.

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26. The lining of the duodenum is composed of thousands of tiny-finger like projections called:

Explanation

The lining of the duodenum is composed of thousands of tiny finger-like projections called villi. These structures increase the surface area of the duodenum, allowing for more efficient absorption of nutrients from digested food. Ulcers are sores that can develop in the lining of the digestive tract, but they are not a normal part of the duodenum. Hemorrhoids are swollen blood vessels in the rectum or anus, while hernias are protrusions of organs or tissues through weakened areas in the abdominal wall. Neither hemorrhoids nor hernias are related to the lining of the duodenum.

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27. A tube inserted into one of the patient's nostrils and down the back of the throat, through the esophagus until the end reaches the patient's stomach is a (n):

Explanation

A tube inserted into one of the patient's nostrils and down the back of the throat, through the esophagus until the end reaches the patient's stomach is called a nasogastric tube. This type of tube is commonly used for various medical purposes such as feeding, medication administration, or removing excess fluids from the stomach. It is inserted through the nose rather than the mouth to avoid interference with the patient's ability to speak or swallow.

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28. The inability to control the passage of urine in the bladder is called:

Explanation

Urinary incontinence refers to the inability to control the passage of urine in the bladder. This condition can result in involuntary leakage of urine, ranging from occasional drips to complete loss of bladder control. It can be caused by various factors such as weak pelvic muscles, nerve damage, urinary tract infections, or certain medications. Treatment options for urinary incontinence include lifestyle changes, pelvic floor exercises, medication, or in severe cases, surgery.

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29. The major vein that drains the liver is called the:

Explanation

The major vein that drains the liver is called the hepatic vein. This vein carries deoxygenated blood from the liver to the inferior vena cava, which then returns the blood to the heart. The hepatic vein plays a crucial role in maintaining proper blood circulation and functioning of the liver.

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30. Identify # 90

Explanation

The correct answer is Gluteus maximus because it is a muscle located in the buttocks that is responsible for hip extension and external rotation. It is the largest muscle in the body and helps in activities such as standing up from a seated position, climbing stairs, and running. The other options mentioned, gracilis, transversus abdominis, and adductor magnus, are muscles located in different parts of the body and have different functions.

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31. The femus is located in the:

Explanation

The femur is the largest bone in the human body and is located in the leg. It is commonly known as the thigh bone and is responsible for supporting the weight of the body and facilitating movement. The femur connects the hip joint to the knee joint, making it an essential component of the leg.

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32. The mandible bone is located in the:

Explanation

The mandible bone is located in the head. The mandible bone, also known as the jawbone, is the largest and strongest bone in the face. It is situated in the lower part of the skull, specifically in the lower jaw, and is responsible for supporting the lower teeth and allowing for movements such as chewing and speaking.

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33. The brain, nerves, and spinal cord are in the ____ system:

Explanation

The brain, nerves, and spinal cord make up the nervous system. This system is responsible for transmitting signals and coordinating communication between different parts of the body. It controls and regulates bodily functions, processes sensory information, and allows for voluntary and involuntary movements. The skeletal system, on the other hand, consists of bones and provides support, protection, and movement for the body. The sensory system is responsible for receiving and processing sensory information, while the endocrine system is responsible for producing and regulating hormones.

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34. The metacarpals are located in the:

Explanation

The metacarpals are located in the hand. The metacarpals are a group of five long bones that connect the wrist bones (carpals) to the bones of the fingers (phalanges). They form the framework of the palm and provide support and flexibility to the hand.

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35. Bones are:

Explanation

Bones are built to provide support and structure to the body. They are solid, sturdy calcium structures that form the framework of the body, allowing us to stand, move, and perform various activities. Without bones, the body would lack stability and would not be able to function properly.

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36. Dilated veins that occur in the rectum are known as :

Explanation

Dilated veins that occur in the rectum are known as hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids are swollen blood vessels in the rectal area that can cause discomfort, itching, and bleeding. They can be internal or external and are often caused by increased pressure in the rectal area, such as straining during bowel movements or pregnancy. Treatment options for hemorrhoids include lifestyle changes, over-the-counter creams or ointments, and in severe cases, medical procedures like rubber band ligation or surgery.

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37. The maxilla is located in the:

Explanation

The maxilla is a bone located in the head. It is the upper jawbone and forms part of the skull, specifically the facial skeleton. It is situated in the central region of the face, above the mouth. The maxilla plays a crucial role in supporting the teeth, forming the roof of the mouth, and contributing to the structure of the nasal cavity and eye sockets.

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38. The major artery to the head is called the:

Explanation

The correct answer is carotid. The carotid artery is the major artery that supplies blood to the head and neck region. It branches off from the aorta, which is the main artery of the body, and carries oxygenated blood to the brain. The brachial artery is located in the arm, the ulnar artery is in the forearm, and the renal artery supplies blood to the kidneys.

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39. The major vein that drains the kidneys is called the:

Explanation

The correct answer is renal. The renal vein is the major vein that drains the kidneys. It carries deoxygenated blood from the kidneys to the inferior vena cava, which then carries the blood back to the heart. The hepatic vein drains the liver, the cephalic vein is located in the upper arm, and the femoral vein is found in the thigh.

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40. The major vein that drains the pelvis is called the:

Explanation

The common iliac vein is the correct answer because it is the major vein that drains the pelvis. It receives blood from the internal and external iliac veins and eventually merges with the opposite side to form the inferior vena cava. The hepatic vein drains blood from the liver, the renal vein drains blood from the kidneys, and the ulnar vein is located in the arm and drains blood from the hand and forearm.

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41. Lesions of the mucous membrane of the stomach are called_______ulcers.

Explanation

Lesions of the mucous membrane of the stomach are referred to as gastric ulcers. This term specifically indicates that the ulcers are located in the stomach. The other options, such as intestinal, duodenal, and follicular, refer to ulcers in different parts of the digestive system and are not specific to the stomach.

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42. identify # 13

Explanation

The correct answer is inferior vena cava because it is the largest vein in the human body that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the right atrium of the heart. It is located on the right side of the body and is responsible for returning blood to the heart for oxygenation. The other options, such as the superior vena cava, left pulmonary artery, and aorta, do not match the description of the inferior vena cava.

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43. The fibula is located in the:

Explanation

The fibula is a long, slender bone located in the leg. It runs parallel to the larger tibia bone and helps provide support and stability to the leg. The fibula is an important bone for muscle attachment and plays a role in ankle movement. It is not located in the arm, foot, or hand.

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44. Identify # 89

Explanation

The correct answer is gluteus medius. The question is asking to identify the muscle out of the options provided. The gluteus medius is a muscle located in the buttocks region. It is responsible for abduction and stabilization of the hip joint.

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45. Carcinogenic means______ causing...

Explanation

The term "carcinogenic" is used to describe substances or agents that have the potential to cause cancer. It refers to any substance or exposure that can initiate or promote the development of cancerous cells in the body. Therefore, the correct answer is "cancer".

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46. Tendons, joints, bones, and cartilages are in the ____ system:

Explanation

Tendons, joints, bones, and cartilages are all components of the skeletal system. The skeletal system provides support, protection, and movement for the body. Tendons connect muscles to bones, joints allow for movement and flexibility, and bones and cartilages provide structure and support. Therefore, the correct answer is skeletal.

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47. The zygomatic bone is located in the:

Explanation

The zygomatic bone is located in the head. It is commonly known as the cheekbone and forms the prominence of the cheek. It is situated between the maxilla (upper jawbone) and the temporal bone (side of the skull). The zygomatic bone plays a crucial role in facial structure and provides support to the soft tissues of the face.

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48. The majority of the bones in the arms and legs are ______ bones:

Explanation

Long bones are the correct answer because they are characterized by their elongated shape and have a shaft (diaphysis) with two expanded ends (epiphyses). They are found in the arms and legs and provide support, mobility, and strength. Examples of long bones include the femur, humerus, and tibia.

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49.
Identify # 71

Explanation

The correct answer is "humerus." The humerus is a long bone in the upper arm that connects the shoulder to the elbow. It is the largest bone in the upper body and plays a crucial role in arm movement and stability. The radius and ulna are bones in the forearm, while the clavicle is a bone in the shoulder.

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50. an extrauterine pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum begins to develop outside the uterus is:

Explanation

An ectopic pregnancy refers to a situation where the fertilized egg implants and begins to develop outside of the uterus, typically in the fallopian tube. This condition is considered abnormal and can be life-threatening if not detected and treated promptly. Eclampsia and toxemia are conditions related to high blood pressure during pregnancy, while PID (pelvic inflammatory disease) is an infection of the female reproductive organs. Therefore, the correct answer for an extrauterine pregnancy is "ectopic."

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51. Identify # 92

Explanation

The correct answer is pectoralis major. Pectoralis major is a large muscle located in the chest region. It is responsible for various movements of the shoulder joint, such as flexion, adduction, and medial rotation. The deltoid is a muscle located in the shoulder, biceps brachii is a muscle located in the upper arm, and trapezius is a muscle located in the upper back and neck region. However, none of these muscles are specifically identified as # 92 in the given options.

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52. An  obstruction of a coronary artery causing death of an area of myocardium due to blockageof blood supply and oxygen supply is called:

Explanation

Myocardial infarction refers to the death of a section of the heart muscle (myocardium) due to a blockage in one of the coronary arteries, which supply blood and oxygen to the heart. This blockage can occur as a result of a blood clot or a buildup of plaque in the artery. Hypertension refers to high blood pressure, arteriosclerosis is the hardening and narrowing of the arteries, and primary hypertension refers to high blood pressure with no identifiable cause.

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53. The radius is located in the:

Explanation

The radius is located in the arm. The radius is one of the two bones in the forearm, along with the ulna. It runs parallel to the ulna and connects the elbow joint to the wrist joint. The radius is responsible for rotating the forearm and helps to support the muscles of the arm.

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54. Located between the pharynx and trachea and containing the vocal cords is the :

Explanation

The larynx is the correct answer because it is the structure located between the pharynx and trachea. It contains the vocal cords, which are responsible for producing sound and enabling speech. The pharynx is located above the larynx, the nasal cavity is located above the pharynx, and the trachea is located below the larynx. Therefore, the larynx is the only option that fits the given description.

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55. Varicose veins of the anal canal or outside the external sphincter are called:

Explanation

Varicose veins of the anal canal or outside the external sphincter are referred to as hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids are swollen blood vessels that can cause discomfort, itching, and bleeding. They can be internal, located inside the rectum, or external, located outside the anus. Hemorrhoids are a common condition and can be caused by factors such as straining during bowel movements, pregnancy, and chronic constipation. Treatment options for hemorrhoids include lifestyle changes, over-the-counter medications, and in severe cases, surgical procedures.

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56. The major artery that supplies the upper arm is called the:

Explanation

The correct answer is "brachial." The brachial artery is the major artery that supplies blood to the upper arm. It runs along the inner side of the arm and is responsible for delivering oxygenated blood to the muscles and tissues of the upper arm. The carotid artery supplies blood to the head and neck, the ulnar artery supplies blood to the forearm and hand, and the iliac artery supplies blood to the pelvis and lower limbs.

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57. A serious chronic disease of the liver is called:

Explanation

Cirrhosis is a serious chronic disease of the liver characterized by the progressive scarring and damage to the liver tissue. It is usually caused by long-term liver damage from conditions such as chronic alcoholism, hepatitis B or C infection, or fatty liver disease. As the liver becomes scarred, it loses its ability to function properly, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, jaundice, abdominal pain, and fluid retention. If left untreated, cirrhosis can progress to liver failure, requiring a liver transplant for survival.

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58. The humerus is located in the:

Explanation

The humerus is a long bone located in the arm. It is the bone that connects the shoulder to the elbow and forms part of the upper limb. The humerus is the largest bone in the arm and plays a crucial role in the movement and stability of the arm.

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59. The ulna is located in the:

Explanation

The ulna is located in the arm. The ulna is one of the two bones in the forearm, along with the radius. It is on the inner side of the forearm and runs parallel to the radius. The ulna is longer and larger than the radius and is responsible for forming the elbow joint with the humerus bone. It also provides stability and support to the arm, allowing for various movements such as bending and rotating the forearm.

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60. The tibia is located in the:

Explanation

The tibia is a bone that is commonly known as the shinbone. It is the larger and stronger of the two bones in the lower leg. The tibia is located in the leg, specifically in the lower portion of the leg between the knee and the ankle. It is responsible for bearing most of the weight of the body and providing support and stability to the leg.

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61. The muscle that flexes and supinates the forearm is called:

Explanation

The biceps brachii is the muscle that flexes and supinates the forearm. It is located in the upper arm and is responsible for bending the elbow and rotating the forearm to turn the palm face up. The deltoid is a muscle in the shoulder, the rectus femoris is a muscle in the thigh, and the castus lateralis is not a muscle.

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62. The major artery that supplies the knee is called the:

Explanation

The major artery that supplies the knee is called the popliteal artery. This artery is located behind the knee and is responsible for delivering oxygenated blood to the muscles and tissues in the knee region. It is a continuation of the femoral artery and plays a crucial role in maintaining proper blood flow to the lower leg and foot.

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63.
Identify the # 70

Explanation

The correct answer is scapula because the question asks to identify the number 70, and scapula is the only option that matches this number. The other options, clavicle, sternum, and ilium, do not correspond to the number 70.

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64. The metatarsals are located in the:

Explanation

The metatarsals are located in the foot. The metatarsals are a group of long bones that make up the middle part of the foot, connecting the toes to the ankle. They are responsible for supporting the weight of the body and providing stability during walking and running. The metatarsals are crucial for maintaining balance and facilitating movement in the foot.

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65. A weakness in the walls of muscle that allows underlying tissue to push through it is called:

Explanation

A hernia is a weakness in the walls of muscle that allows underlying tissue to push through it. This can occur in various parts of the body, such as the abdomen or groin. It is characterized by a bulge or lump that can be painful or uncomfortable. Ulcers, hemorrhoids, and diarrhea are unrelated conditions and do not involve a weakness in the walls of muscle.

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66. The right ventricle pumps the used blood to the lungs by way of the _________ artery

Explanation

The right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery. This artery carries the blood from the heart to the lungs, where it picks up oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide. The pulmonary artery is responsible for transporting the used blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.

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67. The major artery that supplies the bladder, rectum, and some reproductive organs is called the:

Explanation

The iliac artery is the major artery that supplies blood to the bladder, rectum, and some reproductive organs. It branches off from the abdominal aorta and runs along the pelvis, providing oxygenated blood to these organs. The celiac artery supplies blood to the stomach, liver, and other abdominal organs, while the carotid artery supplies blood to the head and neck. The ulnar artery supplies blood to the forearm and hand. Therefore, the iliac artery is the correct answer in this case.

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68. Identify # 91

Explanation

The correct answer is biceps Brachii. The question asks to identify a muscle, and out of the given options, the biceps Brachii is the correct answer. The biceps Brachii is a muscle located in the upper arm and is responsible for flexing the elbow joint and supinating the forearm. It is a well-known muscle that is easily identifiable due to its location and function.

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69. The wind pipe which conducts air between the larynx and lungs is called the:

Explanation

The windpipe, also known as the trachea, is the correct answer. It is the tube that connects the larynx (voice box) to the lungs and allows air to pass into and out of the respiratory system. The larynx is a part of the respiratory system, but it is not responsible for conducting air between the larynx and lungs. The pharynx is the part of the throat that connects the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx and esophagus.

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70. The medical name for nose bleed is called:

Explanation

Epistaxis is the correct answer because it is the medical term used to describe a nose bleed. The other options, sinusitis, pleurisy, and coryza, are medical terms used to describe different conditions and are not specifically related to nose bleeds.

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71. The divisions of the trachea which enter the lungs are called the:

Explanation

The divisions of the trachea that enter the lungs are called bronchi. The trachea is a tube that connects the throat to the lungs, and it divides into two bronchi, one for each lung. The bronchi further divide into smaller tubes called bronchioles, which eventually lead to the air sacs in the lungs called alveoli. The bronchi are responsible for carrying air in and out of the lungs, allowing for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. The other options, pharynx, larynx, and trachea, are all parts of the respiratory system but are not specifically the divisions of the trachea that enter the lungs.

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72. Foods that are mild in flavor and easy to digest ( non- spicy) comprise a:

Explanation

A bland diet consists of foods that are mild in flavor and easy to digest, making it suitable for individuals with sensitive stomachs or digestive issues. This type of diet typically avoids spicy, greasy, or heavily seasoned foods, focusing instead on plain and easily digestible options. A bland diet is often recommended for people recovering from gastrointestinal illnesses, such as gastritis or ulcers, as it helps to minimize irritation and discomfort in the digestive system.

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73. The point at which air enters the respiratory tract is called the:

Explanation

The correct answer is nasal cavity because it is the point at which air enters the respiratory tract. The nasal cavity is located behind the nose and is responsible for filtering, warming, and humidifying the air before it reaches the lungs. It also contains tiny hairs called cilia that help trap dust, pollen, and other particles, preventing them from entering the lungs.

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74.
Identify # 69

Explanation

The correct answer is "temporal" because it is one of the bones in the human skull. The nasal bone is located in the nose, the zygomatic bone is in the cheek, and the radius is a bone in the forearm. Only the temporal bone is found in the skull, making it the correct answer.

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75. Painful voiding is called:

Explanation

Dysuria is the correct answer because it refers to the condition of experiencing painful or difficult urination. This term is commonly used to describe the discomfort or burning sensation that occurs during urination, which can be caused by various factors such as infection, inflammation, or urinary tract obstruction. The other options, urine burn, hydronephrosis, and cystitis, do not specifically describe the symptom of painful voiding.

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76. A condition of the nasal turning away from midline is called a:

Explanation

A deviated septum refers to a condition where the nasal septum, which separates the two nostrils, is shifted or crooked. This causes one side of the nasal passage to be smaller than the other, leading to nasal obstruction, difficulty in breathing, and sometimes recurrent sinus infections. Sinusitis refers to inflammation or infection of the sinuses, which are air-filled cavities in the skull. Dislocated sinus and nasal polyp are not accurate terms to describe the condition of the nasal turning away from midline.

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77. The healthy adult excretes daily approximately:

Explanation

The healthy adult excretes daily approximately 1000 to 1500 milliliters of fluids. This includes urine, sweat, and other bodily fluids. It is important for the body to eliminate waste and maintain proper hydration levels. Excreting within this range ensures that the body is functioning properly and maintaining a healthy balance of fluids.

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78. The lower middle area of the abdomen is called the:

Explanation

The lower middle area of the abdomen is called the hypogastric region. This region is located below the umbilical region and is also known as the pubic region. It is an anatomical term commonly used in medical and anatomical descriptions to refer to the area below the navel and above the pubic bone. The hypogastric region contains various organs such as the bladder, reproductive organs, and parts of the intestines.

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79. Bones of the wrist and ankle are called __ bones:

Explanation

The bones of the wrist and ankle are called short bones because they are approximately equal in length and width. Short bones provide stability and support to the joints, allowing for precise movements. Examples of short bones include the carpals in the wrist and the tarsals in the ankle. These bones are designed to absorb shock and distribute weight evenly, making them ideal for the complex movements of the wrist and ankle joints.

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80. Identify # 86

Explanation

The correct answer is deltoid. The question is asking to identify the muscle labeled as #86. Out of the given options, deltoid is the only muscle that matches the label. The deltoid is a large, triangular muscle located on the shoulder and is responsible for the abduction and flexion of the arm.

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81. Identify # 16

Explanation

The correct answer is "Apex". The apex refers to the pointed tip of the heart, which is formed by the left ventricle. It is the most inferior part of the heart and is located at the bottom. The other options mentioned, such as endocardium, aorta, and interventricular septum, are different structures within the heart but are not specifically related to the apex.

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82. The upper middle area of the abdomen is called the:

Explanation

The correct answer is the epigastric region. This region is located in the upper middle area of the abdomen, just below the sternum. It is commonly associated with the stomach and the liver, as well as other organs in that area.

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83. Identify # 74

Explanation

The correct answer is fibula. The question is asking to identify a certain item from a list. The items listed are talus, femur, tibia, and fibula. Out of these options, the fibula is the correct answer.

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84. The use of ultrasound to produce a picture of the structure of the heart is called:

Explanation

Echocardiography is the correct answer because it is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses ultrasound waves to create a detailed picture of the structure and function of the heart. It allows doctors to visualize the heart's chambers, valves, and blood flow patterns, helping in the diagnosis and evaluation of various heart conditions. Cardiac catheterization, a cardiac stress test, and electrocardiography are different procedures used for other purposes and do not involve the use of ultrasound to produce images of the heart.

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85. The sphenoid bone is located in the:

Explanation

The sphenoid bone is located in the head. It is a complex bone that forms part of the cranial floor and helps to shape the skull. It is situated in the middle of the skull, behind the eye sockets and nasal cavity. The sphenoid bone also houses important structures such as the pituitary gland and optic nerves.

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86. Identify # 12

Explanation

The superior vena cava is a large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the right atrium of the heart. It is located in the upper part of the body and is responsible for returning blood from the head, neck, arms, and upper chest back to the heart. The other options listed, such as the pulmonary vein, aorta, and right atrium, do not match the description of the superior vena cava.

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87. Inflammation of the nasal mucosa results in:

Explanation

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa refers to rhinitis. Rhinitis is a condition characterized by the inflammation of the nasal passages, leading to symptoms such as a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, itching, and congestion. It can be caused by various factors, including allergies, infections, or irritants. Nasal polyps, sinusitis, and pleurisy are not directly related to inflammation of the nasal mucosa. Nasal polyps are noncancerous growths that can develop in the lining of the nose or sinuses, sinusitis refers to inflammation of the sinuses, and pleurisy is inflammation of the lining of the lungs and chest cavity.

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88. An accumulation of air in the pleural cavity after the lungs collapse is known as:

Explanation

Pneumothorax is the correct answer because it refers to the accumulation of air in the pleural cavity after the lungs collapse. This condition can cause the affected lung to collapse partially or completely, leading to difficulty in breathing and chest pain. Pneumonia, asthma, and pleural effusion are not the correct answers as they do not specifically describe the accumulation of air in the pleural cavity after lung collapse.

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89. The science of the function of cells, tissues, and organs of the body is called:

Explanation

Physiology is the study of how cells, tissues, and organs function in the body. It focuses on understanding the mechanisms and processes that occur within living organisms. This field of science helps us to comprehend the normal functioning of the body and how it responds to various stimuli. Anatomy, on the other hand, is the study of the structure and organization of the body, while histology is the study of tissues. Gross anatomy refers to the study of the body's structures that can be seen with the naked eye.

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90. Whooping cough is another name for;

Explanation

Pertussis is another name for whooping cough. Whooping cough is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. It is characterized by severe coughing fits that are accompanied by a "whooping" sound when the person tries to breathe in. Croup, pleurisy, and pneumonia are different respiratory conditions that are not synonymous with whooping cough.

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91. The lateral movement of the limbs away from the median plane of the body is called:

Explanation

Abduction refers to the movement of limbs away from the median plane of the body. This means that the limbs are being moved laterally, away from the center of the body. Extension refers to the straightening of a joint, internal rotation refers to the rotation towards the center of the body, and supination refers to the rotation of the forearm so that the palm faces up. Therefore, the correct answer for this question is abduction.

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92. When the right atrium contracts it forces blood through the tricuspid valve into the ___
ventricle

Explanation

When the right atrium contracts, it forces blood through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. The tricuspid valve is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle, allowing blood to flow in one direction only. Therefore, the correct answer is "right" as it accurately describes the direction of blood flow in the heart.

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93. Inflammation of the pleura is called:

Explanation

Pleurisy is the inflammation of the pleura, which is the thin membrane that lines the chest cavity and surrounds the lungs. It is characterized by sharp chest pain that worsens with breathing or coughing. Pneumonia refers to an infection in the lungs, while atelectasis refers to the collapse of a part or all of the lung. Pleural effusion, on the other hand, is the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space. Therefore, the correct answer is pleurisy.

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94.
Identify # 75

Explanation

The correct answer is Sternum. The sternum is a flat bone located in the center of the chest. It connects to the ribs and the clavicle, forming the front part of the rib cage. The scapula is a triangular bone located on the back of the shoulder, the clavicle is a bone that connects the sternum to the shoulder, and the maxilla is a bone in the upper jaw. However, out of these options, the sternum is the only bone that is located in the chest area.

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95. Infected pressure sores on the skin are called:

Explanation

Infected pressure sores on the skin are called decubitus ulcers. These ulcers occur when prolonged pressure on the skin restricts blood flow to a particular area, leading to tissue damage and eventually infection. Decubitus ulcers are commonly seen in individuals who are bedridden or have limited mobility. They typically occur over bony prominences such as the hips, heels, and tailbone. Prompt treatment is necessary to prevent further complications and promote healing.

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96. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium of the:

Explanation

Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium of the heart. The right atrium is one of the four chambers of the heart and it receives deoxygenated blood from the body through the superior and inferior vena cava. From the right atrium, the blood is then pumped into the right ventricle and eventually sent to the lungs to be oxygenated. Therefore, the correct answer is heart.

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97. The major vein that drains the upper arm is called the:

Explanation

The correct answer is brachial. The brachial vein is the major vein that drains the upper arm. It runs alongside the brachial artery and is responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood back to the heart. The jugular vein, on the other hand, is located in the neck and drains blood from the head and neck region. The cephalic vein is found in the upper arm but is not the major vein responsible for draining it. The femoral vein is located in the thigh and drains blood from the lower limb.

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98. Inflammation of the gallbladder is called:

Explanation

Cholecystitis is the correct answer because it refers to the inflammation of the gallbladder. Cystitis is the inflammation of the bladder, colitis is the inflammation of the colon, and diverticulitis is the inflammation of the diverticula in the colon. None of these terms specifically relate to the inflammation of the gallbladder, making cholecystitis the appropriate answer.

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99. A coronary occlusion causing a condition that produces chest pain which may radiate to the left arm, shoulder, jaw or neck due to lack of blood supply to the heart is called:

Explanation

Angina pectoris is the correct answer because it refers to chest pain that occurs when the heart muscle does not receive enough blood supply. This can be caused by a coronary occlusion, which is a blockage in the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart. The lack of blood supply leads to oxygen deprivation in the heart muscle, resulting in chest pain that may radiate to the left arm, shoulder, jaw, or neck. Arteriolosclerosis, atherosclerosis, and hypertension are not specific to this condition and do not describe the symptoms mentioned.

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100. Identify # 14

Explanation

The correct answer is myocardium. The myocardium is the middle layer of the heart wall and is responsible for the contraction of the heart muscle. It is composed of cardiac muscle fibers that allow the heart to pump blood efficiently. The other options, such as purkinje fibers, interventricular septum, and apex, are also parts of the heart, but they do not specifically refer to the middle layer responsible for contraction.

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101. The major vein that drains the head and brain is called the:

Explanation

The jugular vein is the major vein that drains the head and brain. It is responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood from the brain back to the heart. The other options, vertebral, cephalic, and ulnar, are not major veins that drain the head and brain. The vertebral vein drains the spinal cord, the cephalic vein drains the upper extremities, and the ulnar vein drains the forearm and hand. Therefore, the correct answer is jugular.

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102. Branches  of the bundle branches, which transmit the impulses to the walls of the ventricles, causing the ventricles to contract are called:

Explanation

The correct answer is purkinje fibers. Purkinje fibers are specialized cardiac muscle fibers that are responsible for transmitting electrical impulses from the bundle of His to the walls of the ventricles. These impulses cause the ventricles to contract, leading to the pumping of blood out of the heart. The bundle of His, left bundle branches, and right bundle branches are also involved in the conduction of electrical signals in the heart, but the purkinje fibers specifically transmit the impulses to the ventricular walls.

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103. Escape of fluid into thoracic cavity is called:

Explanation

Pleural effusion is the correct answer because it refers to the escape of fluid into the thoracic cavity. This condition occurs when excess fluid accumulates in the pleural space, the space between the layers of tissue that line the lungs and chest cavity. It can be caused by various factors such as infections, congestive heart failure, lung diseases, or trauma. Pleural effusion can lead to symptoms like shortness of breath, chest pain, and coughing. Treatment usually involves draining the fluid and addressing the underlying cause.

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104. The second portion of the small intestine is called the:

Explanation

The correct answer is jejunum. The jejunum is the second portion of the small intestine, located between the duodenum and the ileum. It is responsible for the absorption of nutrients from digested food into the bloodstream. The jejunum has a large surface area due to its numerous folds and villi, which increase the efficiency of nutrient absorption.

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105. Identify # 87

Explanation

The correct answer is "trapezius." The question is asking to identify a specific term out of the given options. The term "trapezius" refers to a large muscle in the upper back and neck area. It is responsible for various movements of the shoulder and neck, including rotation, retraction, and elevation.

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106. One of the vital functions of long bones is the formation of:

Explanation

Long bones are responsible for the formation of red blood cells. Red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes, are produced in the bone marrow of long bones, such as the femur and humerus. These cells play a crucial role in transporting oxygen throughout the body. The bone marrow contains stem cells that differentiate into red blood cells, ensuring a constant supply to replace old or damaged cells. This process is essential for maintaining healthy blood circulation and overall bodily functions.

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107. A unilateral paralysis that follows damage to the brain is called:

Explanation

Hemiplegia is the correct answer because it refers to the paralysis of one side of the body following damage to the brain. This condition typically occurs as a result of a stroke or brain injury, where the motor control centers in the brain are affected. Hemiplegia can cause weakness or complete loss of movement on one side of the body, including the arm, leg, and face. It is important to note that hemiplegia is different from paraplegia and quadriplegia, which involve paralysis in the lower limbs or all four limbs, respectively.

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108. Identify #88

Explanation

The correct answer is latissimus dorsi. The latissimus dorsi is a large muscle located in the back, specifically in the lower part. It is responsible for various movements of the shoulder and arm, such as adduction, extension, and medial rotation. The other options mentioned, brachioradialis, external oblique, and teres major, are also muscles in the body but are not specifically associated with the identification number 88.

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109. If the septum of the heart has abnormal opening it is referred to as:

Explanation

A septal defect refers to an abnormal opening in the septum of the heart. This condition occurs when there is a hole or defect in the wall that separates the two chambers of the heart. It can lead to mixing of oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood, causing various symptoms and complications. Stenosis, on the other hand, refers to the narrowing of a blood vessel or valve, phlebitis is the inflammation of a vein, and a heart murmur is an abnormal sound heard during a heartbeat.

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110. The major artery that supplies the abdomen is called the ____ artery:

Explanation

The correct answer is celiac. The celiac artery is a major branch of the abdominal aorta and supplies blood to the abdominal organs including the stomach, liver, spleen, and pancreas. It is responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to these organs, making it a crucial artery for abdominal function. The carotid artery supplies blood to the head and neck, the brachial artery supplies blood to the arm, and the iliac artery supplies blood to the pelvis and lower limbs.

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111. Chronic inflammation of the colon is called:

Explanation

Chronic inflammation of the colon is referred to as colitis. This condition involves the inflammation of the inner lining of the colon, resulting in symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding. It can be caused by various factors, including autoimmune disorders, infections, and inflammatory bowel disease. Treatment for colitis typically involves medication, dietary changes, and in severe cases, surgery.

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112. The smaller of the lower leg bones is called:

Explanation

The fibula is the smaller of the two lower leg bones. It runs parallel to the tibia and is located on the outer side of the leg. While the tibia is the main weight-bearing bone, the fibula provides support and stability to the leg. It also plays a role in muscle attachment and helps to protect the muscles and nerves in the lower leg. The patella, also known as the kneecap, is a small bone located in the front of the knee joint. The femur is the thigh bone, which is the longest and strongest bone in the human body.

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113. Washing out of the stomach through a nasogastric tube is called:

Explanation

Lavage refers to the process of washing out the stomach through a nasogastric tube. This procedure is commonly used to remove toxins, blood, or other unwanted substances from the stomach. Gavage, on the other hand, refers to the process of administering liquid food or medication through a tube directly into the stomach. Therefore, the correct answer is lavage.

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114. The major artery that supplies the thorax is called the ____ artery:

Explanation

The major artery that supplies the thorax is called the intercostal artery. This artery runs along the ribs and supplies blood to the muscles, bones, and other structures in the thoracic region. It is responsible for delivering oxygen and nutrients to these tissues, allowing them to function properly. The intercostal artery is an important component of the circulatory system and plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and functionality of the thorax.

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115. A gallbladder disorder involving stones in the gallbladder is:

Explanation

Cholithiasis is the correct answer because it refers to a gallbladder disorder involving the presence of stones in the gallbladder. The term "cholecystitis" refers to inflammation of the gallbladder, "intestinal obstruction" refers to blockage in the intestines, and "hepatitis" refers to inflammation of the liver.

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116. identify # 72

Explanation

The sacrum is the correct answer because it is one of the four bones that make up the pelvis. It is a large triangular bone located at the base of the spine, between the two hip bones. The sacrum is formed by the fusion of five vertebrae and provides stability and support to the spine and pelvis. It also connects the spine to the hip bones and serves as an attachment point for various muscles and ligaments.

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117. Identify #93

Explanation

The correct answer is Quadriceps femoris. The quadriceps femoris is a group of muscles located in the front of the thigh. It consists of four muscles: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius. These muscles work together to extend the knee joint and are responsible for activities such as walking, running, and jumping.

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118. One of the arteries that supplies the hand and forearm is called :

Explanation

The ulnar artery is one of the main arteries that supplies blood to the hand and forearm. It runs along the ulna bone in the forearm and provides oxygenated blood to the muscles and tissues of the hand. The other options, intercostal, brachial, and renal, are not specifically related to the blood supply of the hand and forearm.

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119. Idenitfy #73

Explanation

The correct answer is Tibia. The question asks to identify #73, and the options given are Tibia, Femur, Fibula, and Patella. Among these options, Tibia is the correct answer as it is one of the bones in the human body.

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120. Identify # 15

Explanation

The interventricular septum is the correct answer because it is the wall that separates the two ventricles of the heart. It is responsible for preventing the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, ensuring that blood flows in the correct direction through the heart. The other options listed (apex, tricuspid septum, and endocardium) are not accurate descriptions of the interventricular septum.

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Inflammation of the appendix is called:
The liver, stomach, mouth and pancreas are in the _______ system:
The bladder, urethra, kidney, and ureters are in the ______ system:
In the human body, the senses include all of the following EXCEPT:
The trachea, nose, lungs, and pharynx are in the ___ system:
The pubis is located in the:
The major artery that supplies the foot is called the:
Inflammation of the sinus cavity is called:
Inflammation of the pancreas is called:
Inflammation of the retina is:
The heart, lymphatic, organs, and blood vessels are in the _____...
The name for the collar bone is:
The vertebrae are located in the:
Identify # 76
Identify # 78
The central middle area of the abdomen is called the:
Inflammation of the gums is called:
Identify # 77
When the internal environment of the body is functioning properly, a...
Digestion begins in the mouth where food is chewed and mixed with a...
The sebaceous glands, skin, hair, and nails make up the ______ system:
The patella is located in the:
The study of bones is called:
The major artery that supplies the kidney is called the ____ artery:
Inflammation of the mucus lining of the vagina is called:
The lining of the duodenum is composed of thousands of tiny-finger...
A tube inserted into one of the patient's nostrils and down the back...
The inability to control the passage of urine in the bladder is...
The major vein that drains the liver is called the:
Identify # 90
The femus is located in the:
The mandible bone is located in the:
The brain, nerves, and spinal cord are in the ____ system:
The metacarpals are located in the:
Bones are:
Dilated veins that occur in the rectum are known as :
The maxilla is located in the:
The major artery to the head is called the:
The major vein that drains the kidneys is called the:
The major vein that drains the pelvis is called the:
Lesions of the mucous membrane of the stomach are called_______ulcers.
Identify # 13
The fibula is located in the:
Identify # 89
Carcinogenic means______ causing...
Tendons, joints, bones, and cartilages are in the ____ system:
The zygomatic bone is located in the:
The majority of the bones in the arms and legs are ______ bones:
Identify # 71
An extrauterine pregnancy in which the fertilized ovum begins to...
Identify # 92
An  obstruction of a coronary artery causing death of an area of...
The radius is located in the:
Located between the pharynx and trachea and containing the vocal cords...
Varicose veins of the anal canal or outside the external sphincter are...
The major artery that supplies the upper arm is called the:
A serious chronic disease of the liver is called:
The humerus is located in the:
The ulna is located in the:
The tibia is located in the:
The muscle that flexes and supinates the forearm is called:
The major artery that supplies the knee is called the:
Identify the # 70
The metatarsals are located in the:
A weakness in the walls of muscle that allows underlying tissue to...
The right ventricle pumps the used blood to the lungs by way of the...
The major artery that supplies the bladder, rectum, and some...
Identify # 91
The wind pipe which conducts air between the larynx and lungs is...
The medical name for nose bleed is called:
The divisions of the trachea which enter the lungs are called the:
Foods that are mild in flavor and easy to digest ( non- spicy)...
The point at which air enters the respiratory tract is called the:
Identify # 69
Painful voiding is called:
A condition of the nasal turning away from midline is called a:
The healthy adult excretes daily approximately:
The lower middle area of the abdomen is called the:
Bones of the wrist and ankle are called __ bones:
Identify # 86
Identify # 16
The upper middle area of the abdomen is called the:
Identify # 74
The use of ultrasound to produce a picture of the structure of the...
The sphenoid bone is located in the:
Identify # 12
Inflammation of the nasal mucosa results in:
An accumulation of air in the pleural cavity after the lungs collapse...
The science of the function of cells, tissues, and organs of the body...
Whooping cough is another name for;
The lateral movement of the limbs away from the median plane of the...
When the right atrium contracts it forces blood through the tricuspid...
Inflammation of the pleura is called:
Identify # 75
Infected pressure sores on the skin are called:
Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium of the:
The major vein that drains the upper arm is called the:
Inflammation of the gallbladder is called:
A coronary occlusion causing a condition that produces chest pain...
Identify # 14
The major vein that drains the head and brain is called the:
Branches  of the bundle branches, which transmit the impulses to...
Escape of fluid into thoracic cavity is called:
The second portion of the small intestine is called the:
Identify # 87
One of the vital functions of long bones is the formation of:
A unilateral paralysis that follows damage to the brain is called:
Identify #88
If the septum of the heart has abnormal opening it is referred to as:
The major artery that supplies the abdomen is called the ____ artery:
Chronic inflammation of the colon is called:
The smaller of the lower leg bones is called:
Washing out of the stomach through a nasogastric tube is called:
The major artery that supplies the thorax is called the ____ artery:
A gallbladder disorder involving stones in the gallbladder is:
Identify # 72
Identify #93
One of the arteries that supplies the hand and forearm is called :
Idenitfy #73
Identify # 15
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