Anatomy And Physiology II Mid-term

Reviewed by Editorial Team
The ProProfs editorial team is comprised of experienced subject matter experts. They've collectively created over 10,000 quizzes and lessons, serving over 100 million users. Our team includes in-house content moderators and subject matter experts, as well as a global network of rigorously trained contributors. All adhere to our comprehensive editorial guidelines, ensuring the delivery of high-quality content.
Learn about Our Editorial Process
| By Bismarkf
B
Bismarkf
Community Contributor
Quizzes Created: 12 | Total Attempts: 5,247
| Attempts: 1,000 | Questions: 106
Please wait...
Question 1 / 106
0 %
0/100
Score 0/100
1. Breast cancer screening is done with self-breast exam, physical exam by the physician, and mammogram. 

Explanation

Breast cancer screening is typically conducted through a combination of methods, including self-breast exams, physical exams performed by a healthcare professional, and mammograms. These methods are used to detect any abnormalities or signs of breast cancer in its early stages. Therefore, the statement "Breast cancer screening is done with self-breast exam, physical exam by the physician, and mammogram" is true.

Submit
Please wait...
About This Quiz
Anatomy And Physiology II Mid-term - Quiz

This mid-term quiz on Anatomy and Physiology II focuses on the endocrine system, assessing knowledge on conditions like hyperthyroidism, gigantism, and the roles of various glands. It tests... see moreunderstanding of hormonal impacts and gland functions, crucial for students in advanced biology courses. see less

2. HPV has been highly associated with cervical cancer.

Explanation

HPV (Human Papillomavirus) has been strongly linked to cervical cancer. Research has shown that certain types of HPV can cause changes in the cells of the cervix, leading to the development of cervical cancer. HPV is a sexually transmitted infection, and it is estimated that almost all cases of cervical cancer are caused by HPV. Regular screening and vaccination against HPV can help prevent cervical cancer and its associated risks. Therefore, the statement "HPV has been highly associated with cervical cancer" is true.

Submit
3.  Diagnosis of kidney stones include history, physical exam, U/A, ultrasound . History, physical exam, U/A, ultrasound History, physical exam, U/A, ultrasound  

Explanation

The explanation for the given correct answer is that the diagnosis of kidney stones typically involves a combination of history, physical examination, urinalysis (U/A), and ultrasound. These methods are commonly used to gather information about the patient's symptoms, medical history, and physical findings, as well as to detect the presence of kidney stones through imaging techniques like ultrasound. Therefore, the statement is true as it accurately reflects the diagnostic process for kidney stones.

Submit
4. The glands that are responsible for the production of milk are called the

Explanation

The correct answer is mammary glands. Mammary glands are responsible for the production of milk in female mammals, including humans. These glands develop during puberty and pregnancy, and their main function is to nourish and provide sustenance to offspring. The production and secretion of milk is regulated by hormones, such as prolactin and oxytocin. Mammary glands are unique to female mammals and are not found in males.

Submit
5. In order to form urine the nephron must perform three major processes: glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion 

Explanation

The statement is true because the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney, performs three major processes to form urine. Glomerular filtration is the first step, where blood is filtered through the glomerulus to remove waste products and excess water. Tubular reabsorption then occurs, where essential substances such as glucose, water, and electrolytes are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. Finally, tubular secretion takes place, where additional waste products and ions are actively transported from the blood into the tubules for excretion in urine. These processes are essential for the formation of urine in the nephron.

Submit
6. The glands that are responsible for the production of milk are called the

Explanation

The correct answer is mammary glands. Mammary glands are responsible for the production of milk in mammals, including humans. These glands are present in both males and females, but they are more developed and functional in females. During pregnancy and after childbirth, hormonal changes stimulate the mammary glands to produce and secrete milk, which is essential for nourishing and feeding newborns. The mammary glands are located in the breasts and consist of specialized cells that produce, store, and release milk.

Submit
7. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) can cause urinary obstruction and lead to urinary frequency and decreased urinary stream.

Explanation

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a condition characterized by the enlargement of the prostate gland, which can cause urinary obstruction. This obstruction can lead to symptoms such as urinary frequency (the need to urinate often) and a decreased urinary stream (a weaker flow of urine). Therefore, it is true that BPH can cause urinary obstruction and lead to these specific urinary symptoms.

Submit
8. Symptoms of kidney stones include  hematuria, fever, nausea, flank pain, nausea .

Explanation

The statement is true because the symptoms listed are commonly associated with kidney stones. Hematuria refers to the presence of blood in the urine, which can occur when kidney stones cause damage to the urinary tract. Fever can occur as a result of infection or inflammation caused by kidney stones. Nausea is a common symptom due to the pain and discomfort caused by kidney stones. Flank pain, which is pain in the side or back, is a classic symptom of kidney stones. Therefore, the given symptoms support the statement that the answer is true.

Submit
9. Chemical messengers released by the endocrine glands are called hormones.

Explanation

Hormones are indeed chemical messengers released by the endocrine glands. They are secreted into the bloodstream and travel to target cells or organs, where they regulate various physiological processes and maintain homeostasis. Hormones play a crucial role in controlling growth, metabolism, reproduction, and many other bodily functions. Therefore, the statement "Chemical messengers released by the endocrine glands are called hormones" is true.

Submit
10. Some of the hormones produced in the ANTERIOR pituitary include ACTH, TSH, PRL, LH, FSH .

Explanation

The statement is true because the anterior pituitary gland produces several hormones including ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), PRL (prolactin), LH (luteinizing hormone), and FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone). These hormones play important roles in regulating various bodily functions such as growth, metabolism, reproduction, and milk production.

Submit
11. The adrenal cortex produces cortisol as one of its hormones.

Explanation

The adrenal cortex is responsible for producing cortisol, which is a hormone involved in various bodily functions. Cortisol helps regulate metabolism, immune response, and stress levels. It also plays a role in maintaining blood pressure and blood sugar levels. Therefore, it is correct to say that the adrenal cortex produces cortisol.

Submit
12. The prolonged use of Anabolic steroids may shutdown the hypothalamus and cause the body not to make its own testosterone leading to testicular atrophy (shrinkage). 

Explanation

Prolonged use of anabolic steroids can have negative effects on the body, including shutting down the hypothalamus and inhibiting the production of testosterone. This can lead to testicular atrophy, or shrinkage of the testicles. Therefore, the statement is true.

Submit
13.  Type II diabetes is characterized by  insulin resistance, obesity, age greater than 30 years-old,.

Explanation

Type II diabetes is indeed characterized by insulin resistance, obesity, and age greater than 30 years-old. Insulin resistance means that the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar levels. Obesity is a known risk factor for developing type II diabetes, and the risk increases with age. Therefore, the statement is true.

Submit
14. The adrenals are located on top of the kidneys.

Explanation

The adrenals are small glands that are indeed located on top of the kidneys. They are responsible for producing hormones such as adrenaline, cortisol, and aldosterone, which are vital for various bodily functions. This positioning allows for easy access to the bloodstream, enabling the hormones to be quickly released when needed. Therefore, the statement "The adrenals are located on top of the kidneys" is true.

Submit
15. Diabetes type 2 is considered a multifactoral disease

Explanation

Diabetes type 2 is considered a multifactorial disease because it is influenced by multiple factors such as genetics, lifestyle choices, and environmental factors. These factors interact with each other and contribute to the development of the disease. Genetic predisposition, sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, obesity, and age are some of the factors that increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is correct to say that diabetes type 2 is a multifactorial disease.

Submit
16. High cortisol levels are associated with stroke in overweight patients

Explanation

High cortisol levels, which can be caused by chronic stress, have been linked to various health issues including stroke. Overweight patients are particularly at risk for stroke due to the additional strain on their cardiovascular system. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that high cortisol levels are associated with stroke in overweight patients.

Submit
17.  These hormones control the gonads: LH, FSH .

Explanation

LH (luteinizing hormone) and FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) are two hormones that play a crucial role in controlling the functioning of the gonads. LH is responsible for stimulating the production of testosterone in males and triggering ovulation in females. FSH, on the other hand, promotes the development of sperm in males and the growth of ovarian follicles in females. Therefore, it is correct to say that LH and FSH control the gonads.

Submit
18.  Insulin and glucagon are produced by the ________.

Explanation

Insulin and glucagon are hormones that regulate blood sugar levels in the body. The correct answer is "pancreas" because these hormones are produced by the pancreas. The pancreas contains specialized cells called beta cells that produce insulin, which lowers blood sugar levels, and alpha cells that produce glucagon, which raises blood sugar levels. Therefore, the pancreas is responsible for the production of both insulin and glucagon.

Submit
19. The thyroid is located in the:

Explanation

The thyroid is located in the mid-neck. This is where the thyroid gland is situated in the human body. It is a small, butterfly-shaped gland that is positioned in the lower part of the neck, just above the collarbone. The thyroid plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism and producing hormones that control various bodily functions.

Submit
20.  Painful urination, urinary frequency, nighttime urination, and foul smelling, cloudy urine are symptoms of ________.

Explanation

Painful urination, urinary frequency, nighttime urination, and foul smelling, cloudy urine are common symptoms of a urinary tract infection (UTI). UTIs occur when bacteria enter the urinary tract and multiply, leading to inflammation and infection. These symptoms are typically caused by the irritation and inflammation of the urinary tract lining. Uremia refers to the buildup of waste products in the blood due to kidney dysfunction, azotemia refers to an excess of nitrogenous waste products in the blood, and prostate cancer typically presents with different symptoms such as difficulty urinating and blood in the urine.

Submit
21. The union of the sperm and ovum is known as _________

Explanation

Fertilization is the process in which the sperm and ovum (egg) combine to form a zygote, which eventually develops into an embryo. This is the correct answer because it accurately describes the union of the sperm and ovum. Infertility refers to the inability to conceive, ovulation refers to the release of an egg from the ovary, and "None of these" is not applicable in this case.

Submit
22.  The 3 layers of the kidneys are the renal capsule, cortex, renal medulla  Renal capsule, cortex, renal medulla Renal capsule, cortex, renal medulla  

Explanation

The kidneys have three layers: the renal capsule, cortex, and renal medulla. The renal capsule is the outermost layer that surrounds and protects the kidney. The cortex is the middle layer that contains the glomeruli and convoluted tubules involved in filtration and reabsorption. The renal medulla is the innermost layer that contains the renal pyramids and loops of Henle involved in urine concentration. Therefore, the statement that the 3 layers of the kidneys are the renal capsule, cortex, and renal medulla is true.

Submit
23. Gigantism is an excess growth hormone that occurs in:

Explanation

Gigantism is a condition characterized by excessive growth hormone production during childhood, before the closure of the growth plates. This leads to abnormal growth and development, resulting in an individual being much taller than average for their age. While adults can also experience excess growth hormone production, it is typically referred to as acromegaly. Therefore, the correct answer is children.

Submit
24. Diabetes type II is an autoimmune disease.

Explanation

Diabetes type II is not an autoimmune disease. It is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and high blood sugar levels. Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and tissues, which is not the case in type II diabetes.

Submit
25. Down syndrome can be confirmed with amniocentesis.

Explanation

Amniocentesis is a prenatal test that involves taking a sample of the amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus. This test can be used to diagnose or confirm various genetic conditions, including Down syndrome. By analyzing the chromosomes in the fetal cells present in the amniotic fluid, doctors can determine if there is an extra copy of chromosome 21, which is characteristic of Down syndrome. Therefore, it is true that Down syndrome can be confirmed with amniocentesis.

Submit
26. The adrenals are divided into 2 layers.

Explanation

The adrenals are indeed divided into two layers. The outer layer is called the adrenal cortex and it produces hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone. The inner layer is called the adrenal medulla and it produces hormones such as adrenaline and noradrenaline. This division allows the adrenals to perform different functions and secrete different hormones, contributing to the body's stress response, metabolism, and regulation of blood pressure.

Submit
27. The following describes the recommended screening for prostate:

Explanation

The recommended screening for prostate includes both PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) testing and a digital rectal exam (DRE). PSA testing measures the levels of PSA in the blood, which can be an indicator of prostate cancer. However, PSA levels can also be elevated due to other conditions, so combining it with a DRE provides a more comprehensive evaluation. The DRE involves a doctor manually examining the prostate gland through the rectum to check for any abnormalities or signs of cancer. This combined approach is considered the most effective method for early detection of prostate cancer.

Submit
28. The process by which most of the material in the nephron moves back into the blood is called

Explanation

Reabsorption is the correct answer because it refers to the process in which most of the material in the nephron, such as water, glucose, amino acids, and ions, moves back into the blood. This process occurs primarily in the renal tubules of the nephron, where the filtered substances are selectively reabsorbed to maintain the body's balance of fluids, electrolytes, and pH levels. Secretion, on the other hand, is the process of actively transporting certain substances, such as drugs and toxins, from the blood into the renal tubules for excretion in urine. Filtration is the initial step in urine formation, where blood pressure forces water and small solutes to pass through the filtration membrane into the renal tubules.

Submit
29. In Graves disease there is an overproduction of thyroid hormone.

Explanation

Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder that leads to the overstimulation of the thyroid gland, resulting in excessive production of thyroid hormones. This condition is characterized by symptoms such as weight loss, rapid heartbeat, anxiety, and bulging eyes. Therefore, it is correct to say that in Graves disease, there is an overproduction of thyroid hormone.

Submit
30. A patient is diagnosed with premenstrual syndrome (PMS). You want to find out if she really meets the criteria for PMS. You should as the patient to:

Explanation

To accurately diagnose premenstrual syndrome (PMS), it is important to document the patient's symptoms over a period of time. By asking the patient to document her symptoms in a diary for 3 menstrual cycles, it allows for a comprehensive assessment of her symptoms and their timing in relation to her menstrual cycle. This will provide valuable information to determine if her symptoms meet the criteria for PMS, as symptoms must occur consistently in the second half of the menstrual cycle for a diagnosis. Obtaining a family history, getting a pregnancy test, or referring her to her primary doctor may be important steps in the diagnostic process, but alone they do not provide sufficient information to confirm a PMS diagnosis.

Submit
31. In homeostasis, the process that opposes or shuts down a stimulus is known as____________

Explanation

Negative feedback is the correct answer because it refers to the process in homeostasis that opposes or shuts down a stimulus. This mechanism helps maintain stability and balance in the body by counteracting any changes that deviate from the desired set point. It works by detecting deviations from the set point and triggering responses that bring the system back to its normal state. Positive feedback, on the other hand, amplifies or enhances the stimulus, leading to further deviation from the set point.

Submit
32. Loss of bone density is a common side effect of steroids

Explanation

Steroids are known to cause a loss of bone density, making the statement true. This is because steroids can interfere with the normal process of bone remodeling, leading to a decrease in bone mineral density. This can increase the risk of fractures and osteoporosis.

Submit
33. The gland is divided into anterior and posterior segments:

Explanation

The pituitary gland is divided into anterior and posterior segments. It is a small gland located at the base of the brain, just below the hypothalamus. The anterior segment of the pituitary gland produces and releases hormones that regulate various bodily functions, such as growth, reproduction, and metabolism. The posterior segment of the pituitary gland stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus. Therefore, the pituitary gland is the correct answer as it is the gland that is divided into anterior and posterior segments.

Submit
34. Prolactin is produced in the anterior pituitary.

Explanation

Prolactin is a hormone that is primarily produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. It plays a crucial role in the production of breast milk and the regulation of reproductive functions. Therefore, the statement that prolactin is produced in the anterior pituitary is true.

Submit
35. Which of the following is associated with cervical cancer?

Explanation

HPV (Human Papillomavirus) is associated with cervical cancer. HPV is a sexually transmitted infection that can cause abnormal cell changes in the cervix, which can eventually lead to cervical cancer. It is one of the main risk factors for developing cervical cancer, and certain strains of HPV are considered high-risk for cancer development. Regular screening and HPV vaccination can help prevent cervical cancer.

Submit
36. A pap smear should start at 17 years old or 2 years after first sexual intercourse.

Explanation

The statement is false because a pap smear should start at 21 years old, regardless of sexual activity. The recommended age for starting pap smears used to be 17 or 2 years after first sexual intercourse, but it has been updated to 21 years old as per the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) guidelines. This change is based on research showing that cervical cancer is rare in women under 21 and that early screening can lead to unnecessary interventions.

Submit
37. A 32 year-old patient presents with painless vaginal bleeding. She is 34 weeks gestation. On ultrasound you notice that the placenta in over the cervical os. This conditon is known as:

Explanation

Placenta previa is a condition where the placenta is located over the cervical os, causing painless vaginal bleeding. It occurs during pregnancy and can be detected through ultrasound. This condition is different from abruptio placenta, which involves premature separation of the placenta from the uterus, and cervical cancer, which is a malignant condition affecting the cervix. Therefore, the correct answer is placenta previa.

Submit
38. A condition where endometrial tissue escapes from the uterus is known as:

Explanation

Endometriosis is a condition where endometrial tissue, which normally lines the uterus, grows outside of the uterus. This can cause pain, inflammation, and the formation of scar tissue. Ectopic pregnancy refers to a pregnancy that occurs outside of the uterus, adhesions are bands of scar tissue that can form between organs, and none of these options accurately describe the condition where endometrial tissue escapes from the uterus. Therefore, the correct answer is endometriosis.

Submit
39. Diabetes insipidus is an endocrine disorder characterized by too little ADH or when the kidneys don't respond to ADH. 

Explanation

Diabetes insipidus is indeed an endocrine disorder characterized by either insufficient production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or the kidneys' inability to respond to ADH. ADH plays a crucial role in regulating the body's water balance by controlling the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys. In diabetes insipidus, the lack of ADH or its ineffectiveness leads to excessive urination and thirst. Therefore, the statement "Diabetes insipidus is an endocrine disorder characterized by too little ADH or when the kidneys don't respond to ADH" is true.

Submit
40. This gland is divided into anterior and posterior segments:

Explanation

The pituitary gland is divided into anterior and posterior segments. The anterior segment of the pituitary gland is responsible for producing and releasing various hormones that regulate growth, reproduction, and metabolism. The posterior segment of the pituitary gland stores and releases hormones produced by the hypothalamus, such as oxytocin and vasopressin. Therefore, the pituitary gland is the correct answer as it is the only gland mentioned that is divided into anterior and posterior segments.

Submit
41. Which of the endocrine organs can effectively control the pituitary gland?

Explanation

The hypothalamus is the correct answer because it is a part of the brain that plays a crucial role in controlling the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus releases hormones that stimulate or inhibit the release of hormones from the pituitary gland. This control is important because the pituitary gland is often referred to as the "master gland" as it regulates the functions of many other endocrine organs in the body. The pineal gland and thyroid gland do not have direct control over the pituitary gland.

Submit
42. The ________ gland is important in regulating blood glucose.

Explanation

The pancreas gland is important in regulating blood glucose. It produces insulin, a hormone that helps control blood sugar levels. When blood glucose levels are high, the pancreas releases insulin to help lower them. Conversely, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas releases glucagon, another hormone that helps raise blood sugar levels. Therefore, the pancreas plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of blood glucose in the body.

Submit
43. Tremors, increase heart rate, weight loss, and heat intolerance are symptoms of:

Explanation

Tremors, increased heart rate, weight loss, and heat intolerance are all symptoms associated with hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland produces an excessive amount of thyroid hormones. These hormones play a vital role in regulating the body's metabolism, so an excess can lead to symptoms such as increased heart rate, weight loss, and heat intolerance. Tremors may also occur due to the overstimulation of the nervous system caused by the excess thyroid hormones. Therefore, hyperthyroidism is the correct answer in this case.

Submit
44. Chemical messengers released directly into the bloodstream, with the ability to affect cells for hours or days, are called ________.  

Explanation

Hormones are chemical messengers that are released directly into the bloodstream and have the ability to affect cells for hours or even days. Unlike transmitters, which are usually involved in the transmission of signals between nerve cells, hormones have a more widespread and long-lasting effect on the body. Enzymes, on the other hand, are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions but do not act as messengers in the bloodstream. Therefore, the correct answer is hormones.

Submit
45. The sign shown below is characteristic of____________

Explanation

The sign shown in the image is known as exophthalmos, which is the protrusion of the eyeballs. This condition is a characteristic feature of Graves disease, an autoimmune disorder that affects the thyroid gland. In Graves disease, the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, causing it to produce excessive amounts of thyroid hormone. This hormonal imbalance can lead to various symptoms, including the bulging of the eyes. Therefore, the correct answer is Graves disease.

Submit
46. Diabetes type 2 may be autoimmune in most cases

Explanation

The statement suggests that diabetes type 2 is autoimmune in most cases. However, this is not true. Diabetes type 2 is primarily caused by a combination of genetic and lifestyle factors such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and poor diet. While there may be some cases where autoimmune factors play a role, it is not the predominant cause of diabetes type 2. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

Submit
47. Gigantism is an excess growth hormone that occurs in:

Explanation

Gigantism is a condition characterized by excessive growth hormone production, leading to abnormal growth and development. It typically occurs during childhood when the growth plates in the long bones are still open and can continue growing. In adults, the growth plates have closed, so excess growth hormone production results in acromegaly, a condition characterized by enlargement of the hands, feet, and facial features. Therefore, the correct answer is children, as gigantism primarily affects individuals during their growing years.

Submit
48. A 47 year-old male presents with complaints of headache and hearing loss.  He has been a patient of your for 20 years. You notice that over the years his voice is become deeper and his hands have been getting larger. He also tells you that he shoe size has increased over the years. All physical exam findings are normal including weight and height. A picture is shown below. What is the most likely cause of his condiiton?

Explanation

The most likely cause of the patient's condition is an anterior pituitary tumor producing excess growth hormone. This is indicated by the patient's symptoms of deepening voice, enlarged hands, and increased shoe size, which are consistent with acromegaly. Acromegaly is caused by excessive production of growth hormone, typically due to a pituitary adenoma. The normal physical exam findings, including weight and height, suggest that the patient's condition is localized to the pituitary gland rather than a systemic issue such as smoking or anabolic steroid use.

Submit
49. Which pair of chromosomes would result in the birth of a male?

Explanation

The pair of chromosomes that would result in the birth of a male is XY. In humans, females have two X chromosomes (XX), while males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). The presence of the Y chromosome determines the development of male characteristics during embryonic development.

Submit
50. A 25 year-old female presents with breast tenderness. She is currently breast feeding her 6 weeks old infant. On exam you note the breast to be engorged, red, and swollen more on the right side. The doctor recommends heat application and analgesics that are safe for the infant. She asks if she should continue breast feeding, your response should be:

Explanation

Breast engorgement, redness, and swelling are common symptoms of mastitis, which is an infection of the breast tissue. It is important to continue breastfeeding in this situation because it helps to drain the breast and relieve the symptoms. Continued breastfeeding also helps to prevent the infection from getting worse. The doctor's recommendation of heat application and safe analgesics further supports the idea that breastfeeding should be continued.

Submit
51. A 45 year-old patient with insulin resistance, obesity, using medications for diabetes, and is on a diet and exercise program most likely has: 

Explanation

A 45-year-old patient with insulin resistance, obesity, using medications for diabetes, and on a diet and exercise program most likely has diabetes type II. Insulin resistance and obesity are common risk factors for type II diabetes. The fact that the patient is using medications for diabetes further supports this diagnosis. Diabetes type I is unlikely since it typically presents at a younger age and is characterized by a lack of insulin production. Diabetes insipidus is a condition that affects the kidneys and causes excessive thirst and urination, which is not mentioned in the scenario. Hyperadrenalism is a condition related to excessive adrenal gland activity and is not directly related to the symptoms described in the scenario.

Submit
52. The only cure for end-stage renal disease is ________.

Explanation

The only cure for end-stage renal disease is a renal transplant. Dialysis can help manage the condition but it is not a permanent solution. ACE inhibitors are medications used to treat high blood pressure and kidney disease, but they cannot cure end-stage renal disease. Therefore, a renal transplant is the best option for a long-term solution and to improve the quality of life for patients with end-stage renal disease.

Submit
53. Using the figure above in question 101, the structure labeled D is:

Explanation

The structure labeled D in the figure is the cervix. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It acts as a passageway for menstrual blood to leave the body during menstruation and also allows sperm to enter the uterus during sexual intercourse for fertilization.

Submit
54. The average gestational period is ___________

Explanation

The average gestational period is considered to be 40 weeks. This is the standard duration of pregnancy for most women, calculated from the first day of the last menstrual period to the birth of the baby. While individual pregnancies may vary, this is the general timeframe during which a baby develops and grows inside the womb before being born.

Submit
55. Diabetes type II is an autoimmune disease.

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

Submit
56. Screening for pap smears is recommended by:

Explanation

Screening for pap smears is recommended at age 18 or 3 years after the first sexual relation because by this age or time, the cervix has matured and is more likely to produce accurate results. Additionally, it allows for the detection of any abnormalities or precancerous cells in the cervix, which can be treated early to prevent the development of cervical cancer. Starting screening at a younger age may not be necessary as the risk of cervical cancer is relatively low before the age of 18 or the onset of sexual activity.

Submit
57. The inner layer of the uterus is known as_______

Explanation

The inner layer of the uterus is known as the endometrium. This layer undergoes changes during the menstrual cycle and is responsible for the implantation of a fertilized egg. It provides nourishment and support to the developing embryo. The endometrium is shed during menstruation if pregnancy does not occur.

Submit
58. Melatonin is produced by the:

Explanation

Melatonin is a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles and is primarily produced by the pineal gland. The pineal gland is a small endocrine gland located in the brain, specifically in the epithalamus region. It receives information about light and dark patterns from the eyes and secretes melatonin accordingly. This hormone helps to regulate the body's internal clock, promoting sleepiness at night and wakefulness during the day. Therefore, the pineal gland is responsible for the production of melatonin.

Submit
59. The Thymus sits behind the sternum.

Explanation

The thymus is a gland located in the chest behind the sternum. It is an important part of the immune system and plays a crucial role in the development and maturation of T-lymphocytes, which are a type of white blood cell. Therefore, the statement that the thymus sits behind the sternum is true.

Submit
60. Urinary tract infections may often be caused by ________ bacteria from the GI tract

Explanation

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are commonly caused by E. coli bacteria from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. E. coli is a type of bacteria that naturally resides in the intestines, but it can travel from the anus to the urethra and then to the bladder, causing an infection in the urinary tract. This is more common in women due to the shorter distance between the anus and the urethra. E. coli is the most frequent cause of UTIs and understanding its source helps in preventing and treating these infections effectively.

Submit
61. Select the multiple choice answer that correspond to the structure labeled A

Explanation

The structure labeled A in this multiple choice question is the urethra. The urethra is a tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. In males, it also serves as a passageway for semen during ejaculation. The other structures listed (prostate, vas deferens, and epididymis) are all part of the male reproductive system but are not labeled as A in this question.

Submit
62. The pituitary gland is located _________to the hypothalamus.

Explanation

The pituitary gland is located below or beneath the hypothalamus, which makes it inferior to the hypothalamus. The term "inferior" refers to a position that is lower or below another structure. In this case, it indicates that the pituitary gland is situated in a lower position compared to the hypothalamus.

Submit
63. _______  steroids are a class of molecules that cause an increase in muscle mass

Explanation

Anabolic steroids are a class of molecules that cause an increase in muscle mass. They are synthetic substances that mimic the effects of testosterone in the body, promoting protein synthesis and muscle growth. These steroids are commonly used by athletes and bodybuilders to enhance their performance and build muscle mass. They work by increasing the production of proteins within the cells, leading to an overall increase in muscle size and strength.

Submit
64. Using the figure below, the structure labeled A is:

Explanation

The structure labeled A in the figure is the urethra. The urethra is a tube that connects the bladder to the external opening of the body. It is responsible for the passage of urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.

Submit
65. These hormone(s) control the female and male gonads

Explanation

LH (luteinizing hormone) and FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) are the hormones that control the female and male gonads. LH stimulates the production of testosterone in males and triggers ovulation and the production of progesterone in females. FSH plays a crucial role in the development of ovarian follicles in females and the production of sperm in males. These hormones are essential for the proper functioning and regulation of the reproductive systems in both males and females.

Submit
66. A patient presents with difficulty maintaining an erection. He is 25 years-old. After a complete physical exam, and testing him for diabetes, and performong a full work up, everything comes back normal. The most likely cause of his condition is: 

Explanation

Based on the information provided, the patient's difficulty maintaining an erection is most likely due to psychogenic factors. This is because after a complete physical exam and testing for diabetes, everything came back normal, suggesting that there are no organic or physical causes for his condition. Psychogenic factors refer to psychological or emotional causes that can affect sexual function, including stress, anxiety, depression, or relationship issues. Since no physical cause was found, it is reasonable to assume that the patient's difficulty maintaining an erection is related to psychological factors.

Submit
67. The absence of menstruation is known as_______________

Explanation

Amenorrhea refers to the absence of menstruation. It can be caused by various factors such as pregnancy, breastfeeding, hormonal imbalances, stress, excessive exercise, or certain medical conditions. Dysmenorrhea, on the other hand, refers to painful menstruation, while metrorrhagia refers to abnormal bleeding between periods.

Submit
68.  A disease caused by low thyroid levels during fetal development and leading to severe mental retardation is known as hyperthyroidism.

Explanation

The given statement is false. Hyperthyroidism is not caused by low thyroid levels during fetal development. Hyperthyroidism refers to an overactive thyroid gland, which produces an excessive amount of thyroid hormones. It can cause symptoms such as weight loss, rapid heartbeat, and anxiety. A disease caused by low thyroid levels during fetal development is known as congenital hypothyroidism, which can indeed lead to severe mental retardation if left untreated.

Submit
69. Examination of the hymen is still an acceptable way to check for virginity.

Explanation

Examination of the hymen is not an acceptable way to check for virginity. The hymen can be stretched or torn for various reasons other than sexual intercourse, such as physical activity or using tampons. Additionally, some individuals may not have a hymen at all. Therefore, the presence or absence of a hymen cannot determine a person's virginity. This belief is outdated and perpetuates harmful and inaccurate ideas about sexuality.

Submit
70. Ovulation is stimulated by this hormone:

Explanation

LH, or luteinizing hormone, stimulates ovulation. During the menstrual cycle, LH levels rise, causing the release of a mature egg from the ovary. This surge in LH triggers the rupture of the ovarian follicle and the release of the egg, allowing it to travel down the fallopian tube for potential fertilization. LH also plays a role in the production of progesterone, which is important for the maintenance of pregnancy.

Submit
71. This is the most common type of stone: 

Explanation

Calcium is the most common type of stone because it is a key component of many types of stones that form in the body, such as kidney stones and gallstones. These stones often contain calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate, which are formed when there is an excess of calcium in the urine or bile. Therefore, calcium is the correct answer as it is commonly associated with the formation of stones in the body.

Submit
72. A knot or network of capillaries found within the corpuscle is known as:

Explanation

The correct answer is glomerulus. The glomerulus is a knot or network of capillaries found within the corpuscle. It is an important part of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and producing urine. The glomerulus plays a crucial role in the filtration process by allowing small molecules like water, salts, and waste products to pass through while preventing larger molecules like proteins and blood cells from entering the urine.

Submit
73. A genetic disorder where large cysts are found in the kidney is known as polycystic ovarian syndrome. 

Explanation

The given statement is false. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that affects the ovaries, not the kidneys. It is characterized by the formation of small cysts on the ovaries, not large cysts in the kidney. PCOS can cause irregular periods, infertility, and hormonal imbalances, but it does not directly affect the kidneys.

Submit
74.  The functional unit of the kidney is the neuron. 

Explanation

The functional unit of the kidney is not the neuron. The correct functional unit of the kidney is the nephron. The nephron is responsible for filtering the blood and producing urine. Neurons, on the other hand, are specialized cells that transmit signals in the nervous system.

Submit
75. Using the figure above in question 101, the structure labeled C is:

Explanation

The structure labeled C in the figure is the vagina. The vagina is a muscular canal that connects the uterus to the external opening of the female reproductive system. It is responsible for receiving the penis during sexual intercourse and acts as a birth canal during childbirth.

Submit
76. Normal levels of fasting blood sugar are_____________

Explanation

Normal levels of fasting blood sugar are typically between 70 - 110 mg/dL. This range is considered optimal for maintaining stable blood sugar levels and is commonly used as a reference point in diagnosing conditions such as diabetes. Blood sugar levels below or above this range may indicate abnormal glucose metabolism and may require further medical evaluation.

Submit
77. Using the picture in question 80, the structure labeled D is

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

Submit
78. The following substance(s) can shut down ADH

Explanation

Caffeine and alcohol are substances that can shut down ADH. ADH (antidiuretic hormone) is responsible for regulating the body's water balance by controlling the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys. Caffeine is a diuretic that increases urine production, while alcohol inhibits the release of ADH, leading to increased urine output. Therefore, the combination of caffeine and alcohol can have a synergistic effect in shutting down ADH and causing increased urine production.

Submit
79. Asexual cellular reproduction is referred to as:

Explanation

Asexual cellular reproduction is referred to as mitosis. Mitosis is a type of cell division where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells, each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This process is essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues in multicellular organisms. Unlike meiosis, which involves the formation of gametes and genetic recombination, mitosis produces genetically identical cells. Fertilization is the fusion of gametes, and chromosomal disjunction refers to the separation of chromosomes during meiosis.

Submit
80. As the blood leaves the kidney, this filtered blood is carried away by the ________

Explanation

The correct answer is renal vein. The renal vein carries the filtered blood away from the kidney. After the blood is filtered in the kidney, it is collected by the renal vein and transported back to the heart to be circulated throughout the body. The renal artery, on the other hand, brings oxygenated blood to the kidney for filtration. Capillaries are tiny blood vessels that connect arteries and veins, allowing for the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the blood and surrounding tissues. However, in this context, the renal vein is the most appropriate answer as it specifically refers to the blood leaving the kidney.

Submit
81. What are the vessels that lead from the renal cortex to the glomeruli

Explanation

The vessels that lead from the renal cortex to the glomeruli are called afferent arterioles. These arterioles supply blood to the glomeruli, which are responsible for filtering waste products and excess fluid from the blood. The afferent arterioles bring blood into the glomerulus, where filtration takes place. The efferent arterioles, on the other hand, carry blood away from the glomerulus. Therefore, the correct answer is "afferent."

Submit
82. Endometrial tissue located outside of the uterus is known as:

Explanation

Endometriosis refers to the condition where endometrial tissue, which normally lines the uterus, is found outside of the uterus. This can occur in various locations within the pelvic region, such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and the lining of the pelvic cavity. Endometriosis can cause symptoms like pelvic pain, painful periods, and infertility. It is a chronic condition that affects many women of reproductive age. Fibroids, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometritis are different conditions that do not involve the presence of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus.

Submit
83. A 25 year-old female patient presents difficulty conceiving for 1 year. On physical exam you notice truncal obesity, facial hair, and a deep voice. Ultrasound of the pelvis demonstrates multiple large cysts taking up the entire ovaries bilaterally (both sides) She asks you if there are any long term complications of her condition. Your best response is:

Explanation

The correct answer is "Yes, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia is common." This is the best response because the patient's presentation of truncal obesity, facial hair, deep voice, and polycystic ovaries is consistent with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is associated with an increased risk of developing diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Therefore, it is important to inform the patient about these potential long-term complications of her condition.

Submit
84. This hormones stimulates the production of testosterone:

Explanation

LH, or luteinizing hormone, stimulates the production of testosterone. It is released by the pituitary gland and acts on the Leydig cells in the testes to promote the synthesis of testosterone. This hormone plays a crucial role in regulating the reproductive system and maintaining normal levels of testosterone in males. FSH, or follicle-stimulating hormone, is responsible for the production of sperm, while PRL, or prolactin, is involved in milk production in females. Therefore, LH is the correct answer as it directly influences testosterone production.

Submit
85. Using the figure above in question 101, the structure labeled B is:

Explanation

The structure labeled B in the figure is the bladder. The bladder is a hollow organ located in the pelvic region that stores urine before it is eliminated from the body through the urethra. It is responsible for storing and releasing urine produced by the kidneys.

Submit
86. The adrenal cortex produces epinephrine.

Explanation

The adrenal cortex does not produce epinephrine. Epinephrine is produced by the adrenal medulla, which is located in the center of the adrenal glands. The adrenal cortex, on the other hand, produces hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone.

Submit
87. The fertilized ovum is helped into the uterus by this structure:

Explanation

Cilia are tiny hair-like structures that line the fallopian tubes. They help in the movement of the fertilized ovum from the fallopian tube towards the uterus. Cilia create a coordinated wave-like motion that propels the fertilized ovum towards the uterus, providing assistance in its transportation. Therefore, the correct answer is cilia.

Submit
88. The hypothalamus produces LH and FSH.

Explanation

The hypothalamus does not directly produce LH (luteinizing hormone) and FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone). Instead, it produces and releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which then stimulates the pituitary gland to release LH and FSH. Therefore, the statement that the hypothalamus produces LH and FSH is false.

Submit
89. The posterior pituitary produces the hormone(s) __________

Explanation

The correct answer is ADH and OXT. The posterior pituitary gland produces two hormones: antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin (OXT). ADH helps regulate water balance in the body by controlling the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys. OXT is involved in various reproductive functions, such as stimulating uterine contractions during childbirth and promoting the release of breast milk.

Submit
90. A patient with multiple births and urination with sneezing or lauging most likely has:

Explanation

Stress incontinence is the most likely explanation for a patient with multiple births and urination with sneezing or laughing. Stress incontinence is a type of urinary incontinence that occurs when there is increased pressure on the bladder, such as during sneezing or laughing. This can be more common in women who have had multiple births, as the muscles and tissues that support the bladder may have been weakened. Pyuria refers to the presence of pus in the urine, urge incontinence is the sudden and intense urge to urinate, and cystitis is inflammation of the bladder.

Submit
91. Using the picture in question 80, the structure labeled B is

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

Submit
92. The adrenal cortex produces epinephrine.

Explanation

The adrenal cortex does not produce epinephrine. Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is produced by the adrenal medulla, which is located in the center of the adrenal glands. The adrenal cortex, on the other hand, produces hormones such as cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones.

Submit
93. The smooth muscle layer of the uterus is called the

Explanation

The smooth muscle layer of the uterus is called the myometrium. The myometrium is responsible for the contractions that occur during childbirth and menstruation. It is composed of thick, strong muscles that help in the expulsion of the fetus during labor. The myometrium also plays a role in regulating blood flow to the uterus and in the shedding of the uterine lining during menstruation.

Submit
94. This Hormone causes ovulation in the mid-cycle

Explanation

LH, or luteinizing hormone, is responsible for causing ovulation in the mid-cycle. It is produced by the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of an egg from the ovary. LH levels surge just before ovulation, triggering the release of the mature egg into the fallopian tube. This hormone plays a crucial role in the reproductive system and is essential for fertility in women.

Submit
95. Using the figure above in question 101, the structure labeled E is:

Explanation

The structure labeled E in the figure is the uterus. The uterus is a muscular organ located in the female reproductive system, responsible for housing and nourishing a fertilized egg during pregnancy. It is where the fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus.

Submit
96. The nephron is divided into two major parts:  

Explanation

The correct answer is "filter and tubules". The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and producing urine. The filter part of the nephron, known as the glomerulus, filters blood and separates waste products from useful substances. The tubules then reabsorb needed substances back into the bloodstream and allow waste products to be excreted as urine. Therefore, the nephron consists of both the filter (glomerulus) and the tubules.

Submit
97. In a patient with diabetes insipidus, if they stop the intake of fluids you would expect__________

Explanation

In a patient with diabetes insipidus, the condition is characterized by the inability of the kidneys to properly regulate the water balance in the body. This leads to excessive urine production. Therefore, even if the patient stops the intake of fluids, the urine production would still continue due to the dysfunction in the kidneys.

Submit
98. A 45 year-old male presents with complaints of fatigue, depressiion and weight gain. Vital signs are within normal limits except the blood pressure which is elevated. On physical exam you note truncal obesity, blue to purplish striations, and a moon face. What is the most likely cause of this patient's condition?

Explanation

The most likely cause of this patient's condition is steroid medication use. The patient's symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, weight gain, elevated blood pressure, truncal obesity, blue to purplish striations, and a moon face, are consistent with Cushing's syndrome, which can be caused by long-term use of steroid medications. Steroid medications can lead to an increase in cortisol levels in the body, resulting in the symptoms described.

Submit
99. If serum calcium levels fall, this hormone is likely to increase:

Explanation

When serum calcium levels fall, the body needs to increase calcium levels in the blood. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is responsible for regulating calcium levels in the body. It does this by increasing the release of calcium from bones, increasing the absorption of calcium from the intestines, and reducing the excretion of calcium by the kidneys. Therefore, when serum calcium levels fall, the body will release more parathyroid hormone to help restore calcium levels.

Submit
100. The ureter is the tubing that transports urine from the bladder to the outside of the body

Explanation

The ureter is not the tubing that transports urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. Instead, it is the tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder. Once urine reaches the bladder, it is then eliminated from the body through the urethra. Therefore, the correct answer is false.

Submit
101. BPH is diagnosed by DRE (digital rectal exam) and PTH levels.

Explanation

BPH, or benign prostatic hyperplasia, is not diagnosed solely by DRE (digital rectal exam) and PTH levels. While a DRE may be performed to assess the size and condition of the prostate gland, and PTH levels may be measured to evaluate calcium and phosphorus metabolism, these tests alone cannot confirm a diagnosis of BPH. Additional diagnostic tests, such as a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test, uroflowmetry, or ultrasound, are typically used to assess urinary symptoms and confirm the presence of BPH. Therefore, the statement is false.

Submit
102. The most common cause of Cushing's syndrome is ____________

Explanation

Steroid medications are the most common cause of Cushing's syndrome. Cushing's syndrome occurs when the body is exposed to high levels of cortisol over a prolonged period. Steroid medications, such as prednisone or dexamethasone, can cause this condition when taken in high doses or for a long time. These medications can suppress the body's natural production of cortisol, leading to an imbalance. This imbalance can result in symptoms like weight gain, high blood pressure, and increased risk of infections. Other causes of Cushing's syndrome, such as adrenal tumors or pituitary masses, are less common than steroid medication use.

Submit
103. The sperm mature in the ___________________

Explanation

The sperm mature in the epididymis. The epididymis is a coiled tube located on the back of each testicle, where sperm cells are stored and gain motility. It provides an environment that allows the sperm to mature and become capable of fertilizing an egg. Once the sperm are fully matured in the epididymis, they are then transported to the vas deferens for ejaculation.

Submit
104. This layer of tissue gets shed during the menses:

Explanation

The functional layer is the correct answer because it is the layer of tissue in the uterus that thickens each month in preparation for potential pregnancy. If pregnancy does not occur, this layer is shed during menstruation. The basal layer, perimetrium, and none of these options are not directly involved in the shedding process during menses.

Submit
105. Using the picture in question 80, the structure labeled C is

Explanation

The structure labeled C in the picture is the prostate gland. The prostate gland is a part of the male reproductive system and is located just below the bladder. It surrounds the urethra, which is responsible for carrying urine from the bladder out of the body. The prostate gland produces and secretes a fluid that helps nourish and protect sperm.

Submit
106. The production of breast milk takes place in the___________

Explanation

Breast milk production occurs in the alveoli. These are small, glandular structures located in the breast tissue. The alveoli contain specialized cells called alveolar cells, which produce and secrete milk in response to hormonal signals. The milk is then transported through the mammary ducts, which connect the alveoli to the nipple. The ampulla and lactiferous ducts are also involved in the transport of milk, but the actual production of milk occurs in the alveoli.

Submit
View My Results

Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 22, 2023 +

Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.

  • Current Version
  • Mar 22, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • May 10, 2011
    Quiz Created by
    Bismarkf
Cancel
  • All
    All (106)
  • Unanswered
    Unanswered ()
  • Answered
    Answered ()
Breast cancer screening is done with self-breast exam, physical exam...
HPV has been highly associated with cervical cancer.
 Diagnosis of kidney stones include history, physical exam, U/A,...
The glands that are responsible for the production of milk are called...
In order to form urine the nephron must perform three major...
The glands that are responsible for the production of milk are called...
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) can cause urinary obstruction and...
Symptoms of kidney stones include  hematuria, fever, nausea,...
Chemical messengers released by the endocrine glands are called...
Some of the hormones produced in the ANTERIOR pituitary include ACTH,...
The adrenal cortex produces cortisol as one of its hormones.
The prolonged use of Anabolic steroids may shutdown the hypothalamus...
 Type II diabetes is characterized by  insulin resistance,...
The adrenals are located on top of the kidneys.
Diabetes type 2 is considered a multifactoral disease
High cortisol levels are associated with stroke in overweight patients
 These hormones control the gonads: LH, FSH .
 Insulin and glucagon are produced by the ________.
The thyroid is located in the:
 Painful urination, urinary frequency, nighttime urination, and...
The union of the sperm and ovum is known as _________
 The 3 layers of the kidneys are the renal capsule, cortex, renal...
Gigantism is an excess growth hormone that occurs in:
Diabetes type II is an autoimmune disease.
Down syndrome can be confirmed with amniocentesis.
The adrenals are divided into 2 layers.
The following describes the recommended screening for prostate:
The process by which most of the material in the nephron moves back...
In Graves disease there is an overproduction of thyroid hormone.
A patient is diagnosed with premenstrual syndrome (PMS). You want to...
In homeostasis, the process that opposes or shuts down a stimulus is...
Loss of bone density is a common side effect of steroids
The gland is divided into anterior and posterior segments:
Prolactin is produced in the anterior pituitary.
Which of the following is associated with cervical cancer?
A pap smear should start at 17 years old or 2 years after first sexual...
A 32 year-old patient presents with painless vaginal bleeding. She is...
A condition where endometrial tissue escapes from the uterus is known...
Diabetes insipidus is an endocrine disorder characterized by too...
This gland is divided into anterior and posterior segments:
Which of the endocrine organs can effectively control the pituitary...
The ________ gland is important in regulating blood glucose.
Tremors, increase heart rate, weight loss, and heat intolerance are...
Chemical messengers released directly into the bloodstream, with the...
The sign shown below is characteristic of____________
Diabetes type 2 may be autoimmune in most cases
Gigantism is an excess growth hormone that occurs in:
A 47 year-old male presents with complaints of headache and hearing...
Which pair of chromosomes would result in the birth of a male?
A 25 year-old female presents with breast tenderness. She is currently...
A 45 year-old patient with insulin resistance, obesity, using...
The only cure for end-stage renal disease is ________.
Using the figure above in question 101, the structure labeled D...
The average gestational period is ___________
Diabetes type II is an autoimmune disease.
Screening for pap smears is recommended by:
The inner layer of the uterus is known as_______
Melatonin is produced by the:
The Thymus sits behind the sternum.
Urinary tract infections may often be caused by ________ bacteria from...
Select the multiple choice answer that correspond to the structure...
The pituitary gland is located _________to the hypothalamus.
_______  steroids are a class of molecules that cause an increase...
Using the figure below, the structure labeled A is:
These hormone(s) control the female and male gonads
A patient presents with difficulty maintaining an erection. He is 25...
The absence of menstruation is known as_______________
 A disease caused by low thyroid levels during fetal development...
Examination of the hymen is still an acceptable way to check for...
Ovulation is stimulated by this hormone:
This is the most common type of stone: 
A knot or network of capillaries found within the corpuscle is known...
A genetic disorder where large cysts are found in the kidney is known...
 The functional unit of the kidney is the neuron. 
Using the figure above in question 101, the structure labeled C...
Normal levels of fasting blood sugar are_____________
Using the picture in question 80, the structure labeled D is
The following substance(s) can shut down ADH
Asexual cellular reproduction is referred to as:
As the blood leaves the kidney, this filtered blood is carried away by...
What are the vessels that lead from the renal cortex to the glomeruli
Endometrial tissue located outside of the uterus is known as:
A 25 year-old female patient presents difficulty conceiving for 1...
This hormones stimulates the production of testosterone:
Using the figure above in question 101, the structure labeled B...
The adrenal cortex produces epinephrine.
The fertilized ovum is helped into the uterus by this structure:
The hypothalamus produces LH and FSH.
The posterior pituitary produces the hormone(s) __________
A patient with multiple births and urination with sneezing or...
Using the picture in question 80, the structure labeled B is
The adrenal cortex produces epinephrine.
The smooth muscle layer of the uterus is called the
This Hormone causes ovulation in the mid-cycle
Using the figure above in question 101, the structure labeled E...
The nephron is divided into two major parts:  
In a patient with diabetes insipidus, if they stop the intake of...
A 45 year-old male presents with complaints of fatigue, depressiion...
If serum calcium levels fall, this hormone is likely to increase:
The ureter is the tubing that transports urine from the bladder to the...
BPH is diagnosed by DRE (digital rectal exam) and PTH levels.
The most common cause of Cushing's syndrome is ____________
The sperm mature in the ___________________
This layer of tissue gets shed during the menses:
Using the picture in question 80, the structure labeled C is
The production of breast milk takes place in the___________
Alert!

Advertisement