Anatomy And Physiology Questions - The Autonomic Nervous System
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Questions about the autonomic nervous system. Again introduced in the "Childhood" case unit, but also continued in the frame of treatments in "Young adult" and "Maturity 1"
- 1.Interoceptors are found in
- A.
Blood vessels
- B.
Visceral organs
- C.
Muscles
- D.
All of the above
- E.
None of the above
- 2.Autonomic motor neurons regulate visceral activities by
- A.
Increasing activities in effector tissue
- B.
Decreasing activities in effector tissue
- C.
Changing direction of synapse in the axons
- D.
Both a and b
- E.
A, b and c
- 3.The output of the ANS does NOT control
- A.
Exocrine glands
- B.
Skeletal muscle
- C.
Cardiac muscle
- D.
Smooth muscle
- E.
Endocrine glands
- 4.Which of the below statments is NOT correct?
- A.
Preganglionic neurons form the first part of an autonomic motor pathway
- B.
Preganglionic neurons have their cell body in the brain or spinal cord
- C.
Preganglionic neurons have their axon exiting the CNS with a cranial or spinal nerve
- D.
Preganglionic neurons have myelinated axons
- E.
Preganglionic neurons form a gap junction with the postganglionic neuron
- 5.A postganglionic neuron
- A.
Releases neurotransmitter at the effector cell
- B.
Has myelinated axons
- C.
Is the first part of an autonomic motor pathway
- D.
Has its cell body in the brain or spinal cord
- E.
Has its axons exiting the CNS through cranial nerves
- 6.These normally have the shortest preganglionic axons.
- A.
Sympathetic ganglia
- B.
Parasympathetic ganglia
- C.
Autonomic plexuses
- D.
White ramus
- E.
Gray ramus
- 7.Which of the below does NOT describe the sympathetic division?
- A.
Short preganglionic neurons
- B.
Ganglion in the head
- C.
Thoracolumbar output
- D.
Synapse with blood vessels
- E.
Stimulate sweat glands
- 8.Which of the below does NOT describe the sympathetic division?
- A.
Long preganglionic neurons
- B.
Ganglion near vertebrae
- C.
Cranialsacral output
- D.
Synapses with blood vessels
- E.
Does not stimulate sweat glands
- 9.Which of the below terms describes an effector innervated by both the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions?
- A.
Preganglionic stimulation
- B.
Biganglion excitation
- C.
Multi-autonomic output
- D.
Reciprocal innervation
- E.
Dual innervation
- 10.Which of the following is not considered a part of the prevertebral ganglia?
- A.
Coeliac ganglion
- B.
Terminal ganglion
- C.
Superior mesenteric ganglion
- D.
Inferior mesenteric ganglion
- E.
All are prevertebral ganglia
- 11.Which is not an example of terminal ganglia?
- A.
Ciliary ganglion
- B.
Pterygopalatine ganglion
- C.
Submandibular ganglion
- D.
Otic ganglion
- E.
All are parasympathetic terminal ganglion
- 12.This is the largest autoonomic plexus
- A.
Superior mesenteric plexus
- B.
Renal plexus
- C.
Cardiac plexus
- D.
Coeliac plexus
- E.
Hypogastric plexus
- 13.This plexus is located anterior to the fifth lumbar vertebra and supplies pelvic viscera.
- A.
Inferior mesenteric plexus
- B.
Renal plexus
- C.
Coeliac plexus
- D.
Hypogastric plexus
- E.
Superior mesenteric plexus
- 14.These are structures containing sympathetic preganglionic axons that connect the anterior ramus of the spinal nerve with the ganglia of the sympathetic trunk.
- A.
Lumbar splanchnic nerve
- B.
Greater splanchnic nerve
- C.
Inferior cervical ganglion
- D.
White rami communicantes
- E.
Grey rami communicantes
- 15.These send postganglionic axons to the parotid salivary gland.
- A.
Ciliary ganglia
- B.
Pterygopalatine ganglia
- C.
Submandibular ganglia
- D.
Otic ganglia
- E.
None of the above
- 16.Which of the following neurotransmitters bind to autonomic receptors?
- A.
Nicotine and adrenalin
- B.
Muscarine and acetylcholine
- C.
Noradrenalin and muscarine
- D.
Noradrenalin and acetylcholine
- E.
Somatin and nicotine
- 17.Acetylcholine is released by ________________ postganglionic neurons and is removed ____________ than noradrenaline.
- A.
Sympathetic and slower
- B.
Sympathetic and faster
- C.
Parasympathetic and slower
- D.
Parasympathetic and faster
- 18.Which of the following are classified as cholinergic receptors?
- A.
Nicotinic and adrenergic receptors
- B.
Muscarinic and somatic receptors
- C.
Adrenergic and somatic receptors
- D.
Nicotinic and muscarinic receptors
- E.
Somatic and nicotinic
- 19.Autoomic tone is regulated by
- A.
Medulla oblongata
- B.
Cerebellum
- C.
Cerebrum
- D.
Vermis
- E.
Hypothalamus
- 20.Which of the below responses is NOT caused by the paraympathetic division?
- A.
Decreased heart rate
- B.
Airway dilation
- C.
Decreased pupil diameter
- D.
Increased digestion
- E.
Increased urine production
- 21.Which of the below conditions does NOT cause the longer lasting and more widespread sympathetic effects, compared to the parasympatethic division?
- A.
Greater divergence of sympathetic motor pathways
- B.
Acetylcholine is more rapidly removed from the synapse
- C.
Decreased blood flow to hypothalamus when sympathetic stimulation occurs
- D.
Catecholamine production from the adrenal gland
- 22.Which of the below response is NOT caused by the sympathetic division?
- A.
Increased heart rate
- B.
Airway constriction
- C.
Decrease blood flow to kidneys and gastrointestinal tract
- D.
Increased blood flow to skeletal and cardiac muscle, liver and fat
- E.
Increased blood glucose level
- 23.
![]()
What does this figure represent?- A.
Somatic nervous system motor pathway
- B.
Somatic nervous system sensory pathway
- C.
Autonomic nervous system motor pathway
- D.
Autonomic nervous system sensory pathway
- E.
None of the above
- 24.
![]()
What type of neurotransmitter is used by the pathway represented in the figure?- A.
Noradrenaline
- B.
Acetylcholine
- C.
Adrenalin
- D.
Dopamine
- E.
Serotonin
- 25.What region does the superior cervical ganglion serve?
- A.
Abdominal
- B.
Pelvic
- C.
Heart
- D.
Head
- E.
Limbs
- 26.Which ganglion supplies the stomach with postganglionic neurons?
- A.
Middle cervical ganglion
- B.
Inferior cervical ganglion
- C.
Coeliac ganglion
- D.
Inferior mesenteric ganglion
- E.
Prevertebral ganglion
- 27.Which nerve supplies the inferior mesenteric ganglion with preganglionic neurons?
- A.
Lumbar splanchnic nerve
- B.
Lowest splanchnic nerve
- C.
Greater splanchnic nerve
- D.
Cardiac plexus
- E.
Pulmonary plexus
- 28.The coeliac ganglion supplies preganglionic neurons to
- A.
Lesser splanchnic nerve
- B.
Lowest splanchnic nerve
- C.
Superior mesenteric ganglion
- D.
Inferior mesenteric ganglion
- E.
Lumbar splanchnic nerve
- 29.Preganglionic neurons are supplied to the submandibular ganglion by which cranial nerve?
- A.
Cranial nerve III
- B.
Cranial nerve VII
- C.
Cranial nerve IX
- D.
Cranial nerve X
- E.
Cranial nerve XI
- 30.Postganglionic neurons from the otic ganglion supply the
- A.
Head
- B.
Heart
- C.
Lungs
- D.
Liver
- E.
Ureter
- 31.Preganglionic neurons from which nerve supply the genitals?
- A.
Cranial nerve III
- B.
Cranial nerve VII
- C.
Cranial nerve IX
- D.
Cranial nerve X
- E.
Pelvic splanchnic nerve
- 32.Postganglionic neurons from what ganglion supply the lacrimal gland?
- A.
Ciliary ganglion
- B.
Pterygopalatine ganglion
- C.
Submandibular ganglion
- D.
Otic ganglion
- E.
Coeliac ganglion
- 33.
![]()
Where is the right vagus nerve in the figure?- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
H
- E.
K
- 34.
![]()
Where is the lesser splanchnic nerve in the figure?- A.
C
- B.
D
- C.
K
- D.
E
- E.
L
- 35.
![]()
Where is the right sympathetic trunk ganglion?- A.
E
- B.
G
- C.
N
- D.
M
- E.
H
- 36.
![]()
Where is the cardiac plexus in the figure?- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
H
- D.
I
- E.
J
- 37.
![]()
Where is the superior mesenteric ganglion in the figure?- A.
E
- B.
F
- C.
G
- D.
M
- E.
N
- 38.
![]()
Where is the hypogastric plexus in the figure?- A.
J
- B.
K
- C.
D
- D.
F
- E.
N
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