Chapter 5: Defining, Measuring, & Managing Stress

25 Questions | By Clarkjm | Last updated: Mar 21, 2022 | Total Attempts: 1322

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1.

The peripheral nervous system is divided into two parts:
- A.
  
  The afferent & efferent branches
- B.
  
  The spinal cord & brain
- C.
  
  The spinal cord and parasympathetic nervous system
- D.
  
  The somatic and autonomic nervous systems
2.

Activation of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system produces ___ in heart rate, and activation of the parasympathetic division produces ___.
- A.
  
  Increases...additional increases in heart rate
- B.
  
  Increases...decreases in heart rate
- C.
  
  Decreases...increases in blood pressure
- D.
  
  Decreases...additional decresases in heart rate
3.

The two principal neurotransmitters of the autonomic nervous system are
- A.
  
  Serotonin and dopamine
- B.
  
  Acetylcholine and norepinephrine
- C.
  
  Epinephrine and dopamine
- D.
  
  The same as the principle neurotransmitters of the central nervous system
4.

The endocrine system consists of
- A.
  
  A system of ductless glands within the brain & spinal cord
- B.
  
  A system of ducted glands in the digestive system
- C.
  
  A system of both ducted and ductless glands oriented towards reproduction
- D.
  
  A system of ductless glands distributed throughout the body
5.

Which chemical substances of the endocrine system serve functions similar to the neurotransmitters of the nervous system?
- A.
  
  Lymph nodes
- B.
  
  Hormones
- C.
  
  Arterioles
- D.
  
  Efferents
6.

The adrenal glands are an important part of the ___ system.
- A.
  
  Cardiovascular
- B.
  
  Nervous
- C.
  
  Endocrine
- D.
  
  Digestive
7.

During periods of extreme stress, the ___ helps mobilize the body's resources for the "fight or flight" response.
- A.
  
  Somatic nervous system
- B.
  
  Sympathetic nervous system
- C.
  
  Parasympathetic nervous system
- D.
  
  Digestive system
8.

The person(s) who proposed the view of stress as a nonspecific response was
- A.
  
  Selye
- B.
  
  Lazarus
- C.
  
  Meichenbaum
- D.
  
  Dohrenwend
9.

Which of these is NOT a stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome?
- A.
  
  Resistance stage
- B.
  
  Illness stage
- C.
  
  Exhaustion stage
- D.
  
  Alarm stage
10.

One criticism of Selye's theory of stress is that it emphasizes the ___ factors but largely ignores the influence of ___ factors.
- A.
  
  External...internal
- B.
  
  Physical...psychological
- C.
  
  Psychological...physical
- D.
  
  Retrograde...proactive
11.

Lazaru's view of stress emphasizes
- A.
  
  Emotional factors
- B.
  
  Cognitive mediation
- C.
  
  The General Adaptation Syndrome
- D.
  
  The physiological bases of stress
12.

Lazarus and Folkman viewed life events as
- A.
  
  Benign-positive
- B.
  
  Threatening
- C.
  
  Challenging
- D.
  
  Any of these
13.

According to Lazarus, a person who loses her job but seees the prospect of finding a new job as a challenge would be
- A.
  
  More vulnerable to stress than someone who saw the event as a threat
- B.
  
  More likely to reappraise the situation than someone who saw the event as a threat
- C.
  
  Less vulnerable to stress than someone who saw the event as a threat
- D.
  
  Unrealistic and less capable of coping with the sitution than someone who saw the situation more realistically.
14.

Several methods have been used to measure stress, but the approach taken by most health psychologists is
- A.
  
  Self-report scales
- B.
  
  Performance tests
- C.
  
  Physiological tests
- D.
  
  Estimates by close associaties
15.

The Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS) assumes that
- A.
  
  Daily events are more crucial than major life events
- B.
  
  Change in life adjustment is the key factor in measuring stress
- C.
  
  Only desirable events are valid predictors of stress
- D.
  
  Positive life events tend to reduce stress
16.

The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)
- A.
  
  Consists of 105 items that people have experienced during the past week
- B.
  
  Measures changes in coping responses, as well as daily hassles and major life events
- C.
  
  Measures events in people's lives that they perceive as unpredictable and uncontrollable
- D.
  
  Measures events in people's lives that they see as being controllabe
17.

The revised Hassles and Uplifts Scale
- A.
  
  Asks people to rate everyday events either positively or negatively
- B.
  
  Is longer and more complex than the original Hassles Scale
- C.
  
  Is less able to predict headaches than the SRRS
- D.
  
  Shows that the number of hassles is more important than the severity of hassles
18.

Stressful events that are so powerful that they affect large numbers of people fit into the category of
- A.
  
  Life events
- B.
  
  Cataclysmic events
- C.
  
  Daily hassles
- D.
  
  Unintentional events
19.

Eric Graig used the term ___ to refer to the many sources of environmental stressors that affect city living.
- A.
  
  Congestion
- B.
  
  Urban press
- C.
  
  Urban stress
- D.
  
  Meta-stress
20.

The "environment of poverty"
- A.
  
  Is more common for members of ethnic minorities than for Whites
- B.
  
  Combines crowding, pollution, and fear of crime
- C.
  
  Affects fewer people now than 15 years ogo
- D.
  
  Both a & b
21.

The experience of discrimination
- A.
  
  Has been linked to health problems, including cardiovascular disease
- B.
  
  Creates stress but has little ability to harm physical health
- C.
  
  Creates stress, which harms physical health but has little ability to produce psychological distress
- D.
  
  Occurs mostly in the workplace rather than in the community
22.

The benefits of marriage ___ in terms of health; ___.
- A.
  
  Are not equal...women benefit more than men
- B.
  
  Are not equal...men benefit more than women
- C.
  
  Are almost equal...college-educated women have an advantage, but other women do no
- D.
  
  Are equal...men and women benefit equally
23.

Erin is worried about her grade in a psychology class. To receive her best grade, Erin has decided to make and follow a study schedule. Folkman and Lazarus would call this appraoch
- A.
  
  Danger control
- B.
  
  Emotion-focused coping
- C.
  
  Problem-focused coping
- D.
  
  Reappraisal
24.

Stress inoculation
- A.
  
  Attempts to train people to control nervous system functioning
- B.
  
  Views stress as part of the external environment
- C.
  
  Uses a combination of cognitive and behavioral techniques to cope with stress
- D.
  
  Teaches a variety of relaxation techniques
25.

Emotional expression such as crying, throwing objects, and yelling has
- A.
  
  Reduced the rate of asthma
- B.
  
  Lowered blood pressure
- C.
  
  Produced fewer visits to the doctor's office
- D.
  
  None of these