30.0 Thermodynamics 3

1. When radiation (or radiant energy) falls upon an object, some of the energy will be absorbed and some will be reflected.

True

False

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5. A system has 30 J of heat added to it and in doing so, it does 25 J of work. The change in internal energy will be:

+ 25 J

+ 5 J

- 5 J

- 30 J

- 25 J

6. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
A barrel of pennies is dumped on the floor. The pennies could all come up heads but because there are many more ways for the pennies not to all come up heads, that is more likely to happen.

True

False

7. The second law of thermodynamics deals with what is most likely to happen (probability) instead of what has to happen.

True

False

8. The first law of thermodynamics would tell you that you can't get more work out of a machine than the amount of energy that you put in.

True

False

9. Which of the below is not a type of heat transfer?

Conduction

Radiation

Expansion

Convection

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12. A thermometer comes to thermal equilibrium with whatever it is place in, therefore a thermometer actually registers its own temperature.

True

False

13. If a piece of aluminum is placed in contact with both a bathtub full of cool water and a cup of hot water, which way will heat flow?

From the cup to the bathtub

From the bathtub to the cup

Submit

15. Air is a good conductor.

True

False

Air is a very poor conductor making it an insulator and any substance that traps air is a good insulator.

Explanation

Air is a very poor conductor making it an insulator and any substance that traps air is a good insulator.

16. If two objects are at the same temperature, the particles in both substances have the same ? kinetic energy.

Temperature is related to the AVERAGE kinetic energy of the particles, since the particles will have a broad range of kinetic energies.

Explanation

Temperature is related to the AVERAGE kinetic energy of the particles, since the particles will have a broad range of kinetic energies.

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17. Which of the following is NOT a unit of heat?

Fahrenheit

Joule

Calorie

British thermal unit

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19. On the Fahrenheit scale, water freezes at ? degrees.

0

32

36

38

20. On the Fahrenheit scale, water boils at ? degrees.

212

100

180

220

21. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
Heat will never of itself flow from a cold object to a hot object.

True

False

22. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
Disorganized energy can be changed to orderly usable energy only by doing work.

True

False

Submit

25. In this type of heat transfer, energy moves but the actual particles making up the substance do not.

Convection

Conduction

26. In the equation: change in U = Q - W
W stands for ?

Work

Work done on the system

Work done by the system

Entropy

27. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
Whenever energy transforms, the total amount of energy remains constant.

True

False

It is a true statement but it is the first law of thermodynamics that is being described here.

Explanation

It is a true statement but it is the first law of thermodynamics that is being described here.

Submit

29. The third law of thermodynamics says that as the temperature of a substance approaches absolute zero, the entropy approaches zero.

True

False

Submit

33. In this type of heat transfer, some of the particles making up the substance move from one region to another.

Conduction

Convection

Submit

37. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
Heat can be completely changed into work.

True

False

38. A heat engine that had no friction present could be 100% efficient.

True

False

According to the 2nd law of thermodynamics, it is impossible for all of the heat to be changed into work.

Explanation

According to the 2nd law of thermodynamics, it is impossible for all of the heat to be changed into work.

39. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
Natural systems tend to proceed towards a state of greater order.

True

False

Replace "order" with "disorder" and it would be true!

Explanation

Replace "order" with "disorder" and it would be true!

40. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
For natural processes, in the long run, entropy decreases.

True

False

41. The second law of thermodynamics would back up the statement that perpetual motion machines are possible.

True

False

42. One can come infinitely close to absolute zero but cannot reach this limit.

True

False

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44. If the internal energy of a system increases, then the ? of the system will increase.

Heat

Work

Temperature

45. What is the ideal efficiency of a heat engine that has a hot reservoir at 500 K and a cold reservoir of 200 K?

60%

50%

40%

55%

45%

500-200=300, and 300/500=.60

Explanation

500-200=300, and 300/500=.60

46. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
Whenever energy is transformed, some of the energy will degenerate to useless forms and is unavailable for doing the same work again.

True

False

47. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
In a piston, as heat is added all of the molecules will move in the same direction pushing the piston up.

True

False

The odds of all of the molecules moving in the same direction are ridiculously low, there are many more ways for them to be moving in different directions and that is what the 2nd law says is more likely to happen.

Explanation

The odds of all of the molecules moving in the same direction are ridiculously low, there are many more ways for them to be moving in different directions and that is what the 2nd law says is more likely to happen.

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51. If heat flows from a cup of hot water to a bathtub full of cool water, the temperature gain of the water in the tub will be ? the temperature change of the water in the cup.

The same as (but opposite sign)

Greater than (but opposite sign) than

Smaller than (but opposite sign) than

Conservation of energy says the amount of energy (in this case heat) transferred is the same but due to the big mass differences, the temperature change will not be the same.

Explanation

Conservation of energy says the amount of energy (in this case heat) transferred is the same but due to the big mass differences, the temperature change will not be the same.

52. Metals conduct both heat and cold very well.

True

False

"Cold" is simply the absence of heat. There is no "cold" that passes through a conductor or insulator, only heat is transferred.

Explanation

"Cold" is simply the absence of heat. There is no "cold" that passes through a conductor or insulator, only heat is transferred.

Submit

55. Which has more internal energy, a bathtub full of cool water or a cup of hot water?

Bathtub full of cool water

Cup of hot water

56. If heat flows from a cup of hot water to a bathtub full of cool water, the water in the cup will have a loss in ? energy while the water in the tub will have an increase in ? energy.

Write just one answer, it is the same for both question marks.

Thermal

Heat

Internal

30.0 Thermodynamics 3

1. When radiation (or radiant energy) falls upon an object, some of the energy will be absorbed and some will be reflected.

2.

What first name or nickname would you like us to use?

2. The first law of thermodynamics is really just a restatement of the law of conservation of ?

3. The first law of thermodynamics can be written several different ways, one of them is:change in U = Q - W U stands for ? ?

4. In the equation:change in U = Q - W Q stands for ?

5. A system has 30 J of heat added to it and in doing so, it does 25 J of work. The change in internal energy will be:

6. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:A barrel of pennies is dumped on the floor. The pennies could all come up heads but because there are many more ways for the pennies not to all come up heads, that is more likely to happen.

7. The second law of thermodynamics deals with what is most likely to happen (probability) instead of what has to happen.

8. The first law of thermodynamics would tell you that you can't get more work out of a machine than the amount of energy that you put in.

9. Which of the below is not a type of heat transfer?

10. The quantity that tells how hot or cold something is compared to a standard is ? and it is related to the average kinetic energy of a substance.

11. The SI scale of temperature used in scientific research is the ? scale.

12. A thermometer comes to thermal equilibrium with whatever it is place in, therefore a thermometer actually registers its own temperature.

13. If a piece of aluminum is placed in contact with both a bathtub full of cool water and a cup of hot water, which way will heat flow?

14. A very poor conductor such as wood or styrofoam is known as an ? because they delay the transfer of heat.

15. Air is a good conductor.

16. If two objects are at the same temperature, the particles in both substances have the same ? kinetic energy.

17. Which of the following is NOT a unit of heat?

18. When objects are in thermal contact, heat will flow until they are at the same temperature, a condition known as ? ?

19. On the Fahrenheit scale, water freezes at ? degrees.

20. On the Fahrenheit scale, water boils at ? degrees.

21. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:Heat will never of itself flow from a cold object to a hot object.

22. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:Disorganized energy can be changed to orderly usable energy only by doing work.

23. All matter is composed of particles that are in constant, random motion. Because of this motion, the particles have ? energy.

24. Conduction takes place very easily in metals primarily because metals have very "loose" outer ? in their atoms that can drift through the metal and jostle other particles.

25. In this type of heat transfer, energy moves but the actual particles making up the substance do not.

26. In the equation: change in U = Q - W W stands for ?

27. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:Whenever energy transforms, the total amount of energy remains constant.

28. The measure of the amount of disorder in a system is called ?

29. The third law of thermodynamics says that as the temperature of a substance approaches absolute zero, the entropy approaches zero.

30. The term for two metals bonded together that curve when heated is a ? strip.

31. The transfer of heat between materials that are in direct contact is called ?

32. A form of heat transfer that occurs by currents in a fluid (gas or liquid) is ?

33. In this type of heat transfer, some of the particles making up the substance move from one region to another.

34. The type of heat transfer that can take place through a vacuum is called ?

35. A device in the home that uses a bimetallic strip to turn on or to turn off the furnace is called a ?

36. When a fluid (gas or liquid) is heated, it expands and then ?, transferring heat in the process.

37. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:Heat can be completely changed into work.

38. A heat engine that had no friction present could be 100% efficient.

39. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:Natural systems tend to proceed towards a state of greater order.

40. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:For natural processes, in the long run, entropy decreases.

41. The second law of thermodynamics would back up the statement that perpetual motion machines are possible.

42. One can come infinitely close to absolute zero but cannot reach this limit.

43. Radiation involves electromagnetic waves that fall in the ? region.

44. If the internal energy of a system increases, then the ? of the system will increase.

45. What is the ideal efficiency of a heat engine that has a hot reservoir at 500 K and a cold reservoir of 200 K?

46. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement: Whenever energy is transformed, some of the energy will degenerate to useless forms and is unavailable for doing the same work again.

47. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:In a piston, as heat is added all of the molecules will move in the same direction pushing the piston up.

48. Besides kinetic energy, molecules have rotational kinetic energy, potential energy due to forces between molecules and more. The total of all energies inside a substance is called ? energy.

49. When heat flows from one object or substance to another it is in contact with, the substances are said to be in ? contact.

50. Two strips of different metals, permanently bonded together, will curve when heated due to the different ? rates of the metals.

51. If heat flows from a cup of hot water to a bathtub full of cool water, the temperature gain of the water in the tub will be ? the temperature change of the water in the cup.

52. Metals conduct both heat and cold very well.

53. The temperature scale that assigns 0 degrees to the freezing point of water and 100 degrees to the boiling point of water is the ? scale.

54. Nearly all forms of matter ? when heated due to the fact that the particles will move faster and tend to move farther apart, on the average.

55. Which has more internal energy, a bathtub full of cool water or a cup of hot water?

56. If heat flows from a cup of hot water to a bathtub full of cool water, the water in the cup will have a loss in ? energy while the water in the tub will have an increase in ? energy.Write just one answer, it is the same for both question marks.

3. The first law of thermodynamics can be written several different ways, one of them is:

change in U = Q - W

U stands for ? ?

4. In the equation:
change in U = Q - W
Q stands for ?

6. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
A barrel of pennies is dumped on the floor. The pennies could all come up heads but because there are many more ways for the pennies not to all come up heads, that is more likely to happen.

21. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
Heat will never of itself flow from a cold object to a hot object.

22. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
Disorganized energy can be changed to orderly usable energy only by doing work.

26. In the equation: change in U = Q - W
W stands for ?

27. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
Whenever energy transforms, the total amount of energy remains constant.

37. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
Heat can be completely changed into work.

39. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
Natural systems tend to proceed towards a state of greater order.

40. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
For natural processes, in the long run, entropy decreases.

46. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
Whenever energy is transformed, some of the energy will degenerate to useless forms and is unavailable for doing the same work again.

47. The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:
In a piston, as heat is added all of the molecules will move in the same direction pushing the piston up.

56. If heat flows from a cup of hot water to a bathtub full of cool water, the water in the cup will have a loss in ? energy while the water in the tub will have an increase in ? energy.

Write just one answer, it is the same for both question marks.