30.0 Thermodynamics 3

The quantity that tells how hot or cold something is compared to a standard is ? and it is related to the average kinetic energy of a substance.

The SI scale of temperature used in scientific research is the ? scale.

A thermometer comes to thermal equilibrium with whatever it is place in, therefore a thermometer actually registers its own temperature.

• True

• False

If a piece of aluminum is placed in contact with both a bathtub full of cool water and a cup of hot water, which way will heat flow?

• From the cup to the bathtub

• From the bathtub to the cup

A very poor conductor such as wood or styrofoam is known as an ? because they delay the transfer of heat.

Air is a good conductor.

• True

• False

When radiation (or radiant energy) falls upon an object, some of the energy will be absorbed and some will be reflected.

• True

• False

The first law of thermodynamics is really just a restatement of the law of conservation of ?

The first law of thermodynamics can be written several different ways, one of them is:change in U = Q - W   U stands for ? ?

In the equation:change in U = Q - W Q stands for ?

A system has 30 J of heat added to it and in doing so, it does 25 J of work.  The change in internal energy will be:

• + 25 J

• + 5 J

• - 5 J

• - 30 J

• - 25 J

The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:A barrel of pennies is dumped on the floor.  The pennies could all come up heads but because there are many more ways for the pennies not to all come up heads, that is more likely to happen.

• True

• False

The second law of thermodynamics deals with what is most likely to happen (probability) instead of what has to happen.

• True

• False

The first law of thermodynamics would tell you that you can't get more work out of a machine than the amount of energy that you put in.

• True

• False

If two objects are at the same temperature, the particles in both substances have the same ? kinetic energy.

Which of the following is NOT a unit of heat?

• Fahrenheit

• Joule

• Calorie

• British thermal unit

When objects are in thermal contact, heat will flow until they are at the same temperature, a condition known as ? ?

On the Fahrenheit scale, water freezes at ? degrees.

• 0

• 32

• 36

• 38

On the Fahrenheit scale, water boils at ? degrees.

• 212

• 100

• 180

• 220

All matter is composed of particles that are in constant, random motion.  Because of this motion, the particles have ? energy.

Conduction takes place very easily in metals primarily because metals have very "loose" outer ? in their atoms that can drift through the metal and jostle other particles.

In this type of heat transfer, energy moves but the actual particles making up the substance do not.

• Convection

• Conduction

The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:Heat will never of itself flow from a cold object to a hot object.

• True

• False

The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:Disorganized energy can be changed to orderly usable energy only by doing work.

• True

• False

The term for two metals bonded together that curve when heated is a ? strip.

The transfer of heat between materials that are in direct contact is called ?

A form of heat transfer that occurs by currents in a fluid (gas or liquid) is ?

In this type of heat transfer, some of the particles making up the substance move from one region to another.

• Conduction

• Convection

The type of heat transfer that can take place through a vacuum is called ?

In the equation: change in U = Q - W W stands for ?

• Work

• Work done on the system

• Work done by the system

• Entropy

The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:Whenever energy transforms, the total amount of energy remains constant.

• True

• False

The measure of the amount of disorder in a system is called ?

The third law of thermodynamics says that as the temperature of a substance approaches absolute zero, the entropy approaches zero.

• True

• False

A device in the home that uses a bimetallic strip to turn on or to turn off the furnace is called a ?

When a fluid (gas or liquid) is heated, it expands and then ?, transferring heat in the process.

The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:Heat can be completely changed into work.

• True

• False

A heat engine that had no friction present could be 100% efficient.

• True

• False

The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:Natural systems tend to proceed towards a state of greater order.

• True

• False

The second law of thermodynamics would back up this statement:For natural processes, in the long run, entropy decreases.

• True

• False

The second law of thermodynamics would back up the statement that perpetual motion machines are possible.

• True

• False

One can come infinitely close to absolute zero but cannot reach this limit.

• True

• False

Besides kinetic energy, molecules have rotational kinetic energy, potential energy due to forces between molecules and more.  The total of all energies inside a substance is called ? energy.

When heat flows from one object or substance to another it is in contact with, the substances are said to be in ? contact.

Two strips of different metals, permanently bonded together, will curve when heated due to the different ? rates of the metals.

If heat flows from a cup of hot water to a bathtub full of cool water, the temperature gain of the water in the tub will be ? the temperature change of the water in the cup.

• The same as (but opposite sign)

• Greater than (but opposite sign) than

• Smaller than (but opposite sign) than

Metals conduct both heat and cold very well.

• True

• False

Radiation involves electromagnetic waves that fall in the ? region.

If the internal energy of a system increases, then the ? of the system will increase.

• Heat

• Work

• Temperature