1.
SITUATION: Fluid and electrolyte imbalance is a common complication among clients suffering from certain disorders. A nurse is expected to be knowledgeable regarding care of clients with fluid and electrolyte problems
A nurse will use which type of solution to promote osmotic diuresis?
Correct Answer
A. Hypertonic
2.
SITUATION: Fluid and electrolyte imbalance is a common complication among clients suffering from certain disorders. A nurse is expected to be knowledgeable regarding care of clients with fluid and electrolyte problems
The average adult normally excretes how much urine in a usual 24 hour period?
Correct Answer
D. 1200 to 1800 cc
3.
SITUATION: Fluid and electrolyte imbalance is a common complication among clients suffering from certain disorders. A nurse is expected to be knowledgeable regarding care of clients with fluid and electrolyte problems
The nurse caring for a client with diarrhea will look for which sign of severe dehydration?
Correct Answer
A. Tenting of chest skin when pinched
4.
SITUATION: Fluid and electrolyte imbalance is a common complication among clients suffering from certain disorders. A nurse is expected to be knowledgeable regarding care of clients with fluid and electrolyte problems
Which nursing intervention would most likely lead to a hypo-osmolar state?
Correct Answer
C. Administering tap water enema until return is clear
5.
SITUATION: Fluid and electrolyte imbalance is a common complication among clients suffering from certain disorders. A nurse is expected to be knowledgeable regarding care of clients with fluid and electrolyte problems
A healthy client who is 70 kg is expected to have a minimum urine output of:
Correct Answer
B. 35 cc/hr
6.
SITUATION: Fluid and electrolyte imbalance is a common complication among clients suffering from certain disorders. A nurse is expected to be knowledgeable regarding care of clients with fluid and electrolyte problems
Which of the following values in a patient’s urinalysis should the nurse consider abnormal?
Correct Answer
C. Proteins: ++
7.
SITUATION: A patient has severe right flank pain, nausea, and vomiting. The tentative diagnosis was ureterolithiasis, right
Which should the nurse assign the highest priority?
Correct Answer
D. Altered urinary elimination
8.
SITUATION: A patient has severe right flank pain, nausea, and vomiting. The tentative diagnosis was ureterolithiasis, right
The client was advised to be on an acid ash diet. The nurse understands that:
Correct Answer
B. The client may have fruits and vegetables but the bulk of the diet should be protein
9.
SITUATION: A patient has severe right flank pain, nausea, and vomiting. The tentative diagnosis was ureterolithiasis, right
A patient with recurrent UTI is prescribed an alkaline ash diet. This diet is aimed at:
Correct Answer
B. Making the urine more basic
10.
SITUATION: A patient has severe right flank pain, nausea, and vomiting. The tentative diagnosis was ureterolithiasis, right
The physician has ordered increased oral rehydration for a client with renal calculi. Unless contraindicated, the recommended oral intake for helping with removal of renal calculi is:
Correct Answer
D. 200 mL per hour
11.
SITUATION: A patient has severe right flank pain, nausea, and vomiting. The tentative diagnosis was ureterolithiasis, right
A client is being discharged after lithotripsy for removal of kidney stone. Which statement by the client indicates understanding of the nurse’s instructions?
Correct Answer
C. “I will be careful to strain all the urine and save the stone”
12.
SITUATION: A patient has severe right flank pain, nausea, and vomiting. The tentative diagnosis was ureterolithiasis, right
The nurse is caring for a client following a right nephrolithotomy. Post-operatively, the client should be
Correct Answer
C. On the left side
13.
SITUATION: A patient has severe right flank pain, nausea, and vomiting. The tentative diagnosis was ureterolithiasis, right
The physician orders a urine specimen to test for glucose and ketones. The nurse obtains which specimen?
Correct Answer
C. Double voided
14.
SITUATION: Urinary tract infection is a common disease affecting the adult population. A nurse is expected to have a deep understanding regarding care for client with urinary tract infections
A 35 year old female was diagnosed with acute cystitis. Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer
B. Lower abdominal pain, dysuria, and urinary frequency
15.
SITUATION: Urinary tract infection is a common disease affecting the adult population. A nurse is expected to have a deep understanding regarding care for client with urinary tract infections
A urine C&S is obtained in the patient with pyelonephritis. The nurse understands that this test is important because it is utilized in:
Correct Answer
A. Confirming the diagnosis
16.
SITUATION: Urinary tract infection is a common disease affecting the adult population. A nurse is expected to have a deep understanding regarding care for client with urinary tract infections
Ciprofloxacin was given for a patient’s complicated UTI. Because of its adverse effects, ciprofloxacin should not be given to:
Correct Answer
D. Pregnant women and children
17.
SITUATION: Urinary tract infection is a common disease affecting the adult population. A nurse is expected to have a deep understanding regarding care for client with urinary tract infections
In guarding against UTI, which nursing intervention is best?
Correct Answer
B. Forcing fluids
18.
SITUATION: Urinary tract infection is a common disease affecting the adult population. A nurse is expected to have a deep understanding regarding care for client with urinary tract infections
To assist with the prevention of urinary tract infections, the teenage girl should be taught to:
Correct Answer
D. Clean the perineum from front to back
19.
SITUATION: Urinary tract infection is a common disease affecting the adult population. A nurse is expected to have a deep understanding regarding care for client with urinary tract infections
The physician orders barium studies and an intravenous pyelogram. Which should the nurse schedule first?
Correct Answer
B. The intravenous pyelogram
20.
SITUATION: Renal failure is a common complication of clients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The nurse should have deep knowledge to be able to care for client suffering from these complications
A patient in renal failure has decreased ability to excrete protein wastes. Which test reflects this condition?
Correct Answer
A. An elevated BUN
21.
SITUATION: Renal failure is a common complication of clients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The nurse should have deep knowledge to be able to care for client suffering from these complications
An ICU nurse observes the patient with DM in renal failure for ECG changes, Kussmaul’s breathing, and decreased LOC. This is to assess for:
Correct Answer
C. Electrolyte imbalance
22.
SITUATION: Renal failure is a common complication of clients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The nurse should have deep knowledge to be able to care for client suffering from these complications
The nurse assesses the renal patient’s mental status. If there is a problem, what condition is most likely to be assessed?
Correct Answer
C. Confusion
23.
SITUATION: Renal failure is a common complication of clients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The nurse should have deep knowledge to be able to care for client suffering from these complications
In caring for the patient in acute renal failure, the nurse is aware that a major complication is:
Correct Answer
C. Hyperkalemia
24.
SITUATION: Renal failure is a common complication of clients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The nurse should have deep knowledge to be able to care for client suffering from these complications
Kenneth who has diagnosed with uremic syndrome ahs the potential to develop complications. Which among the following complications should the nurse anticipates?
Correct Answer
A. Flapping hand tremors
25.
SITUATION: Renal failure is a common complication of clients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The nurse should have deep knowledge to be able to care for client suffering from these complications
A client with chronic renal failure receives hemodialysis and his condition stabilizes. The doctor orders amphojel with each meal. This drug is given to:
Correct Answer
C. Exchange sodium for potassium in the colon
26.
SITUATION: Renal failure is a common complication of clients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The nurse should have deep knowledge to be able to care for client suffering from these complications
A patient with an AV fistula is receiving hemodialysis treatments three times a week. Which observation by the nurse indicates arterial steal syndrome?
Correct Answer
D. The client appears pale and complains of numb fingers that are cool to the touch
27.
SITUATION: Renal failure is a common complication of clients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The nurse should have deep knowledge to be able to care for client suffering from these complications
A patient’s wife asks why her husband on hemodialysis developed dialysis disequilibrium syndrome. The nurse’s response should be based on the fact that the syndrome occurs as a result of:
Correct Answer
D. Too rapid decrease in the blood urea nitrogen levels
28.
SITUATION: Renal failure is a common complication of clients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The nurse should have deep knowledge to be able to care for client suffering from these complications
The client is admitted to the hospital in chronic renal failure. A diet low in protein is ordered. The rationale for a low-protein diet is:
Correct Answer
A. Protein breaks down into blood urea nitrogen and other waste
29.
SITUATION: Renal failure is a common complication of clients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The nurse should have deep knowledge to be able to care for client suffering from these complications
A patient is scheduled for peritoneal dialysis. What important nursing intervention must be taken before dialysis is initiated?
Correct Answer
A. Weight the patient
30.
SITUATION: Renal failure is a common complication of clients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The nurse should have deep knowledge to be able to care for client suffering from these complications
The client is receiving peritoneal dialysis. If the dialysate returns cloudy, the nurse should:
Correct Answer
B. Send a specimen to the lab
31.
SITUATION: Renal failure is a common complication of clients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The nurse should have deep knowledge to be able to care for client suffering from these complications
The nurse is teaching a client with peritoneal dialysis how to manage exchanges at home. The nurse should tell the client to notify the doctor immediately if:
Correct Answer
A. The dialysate return become cloudy in appearance
32.
SITUATION: Renal failure is a common complication of clients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The nurse should have deep knowledge to be able to care for client suffering from these complications
A client with end stage renal disease is being managed with peritoneal dialysis. If the dialysate return is slowed, the nurse should tell the client to:
Correct Answer
D. Change the position or turn side to side
33.
SITUATION: Renal failure is a common complication of clients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The nurse should have deep knowledge to be able to care for client suffering from these complications
The nurse assesses a client shortly after kidney transplant surgery. Which postoperative findings should the nurse report to the doctor immediately?
Correct Answer
D. Urine output of 20 ml/hr
34.
SITUATION: Renal failure is a common complication of clients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The nurse should have deep knowledge to be able to care for client suffering from these complications
A client who underwent renal transplant should take cyclosporine daily along with other immunosuppressants. What action of cyclosporine is needed in this case?
Correct Answer
C. Inhibition of helper T cells and suppressor T cells
35.
SITUATION: Renal failure is a common complication of clients suffering from hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The nurse should have deep knowledge to be able to care for client suffering from these complications
The nurse should teach a client receiving cyclosporine about adverse drug reactions. What is the most severe adverse reaction that may occur?
Correct Answer
D. Nephrotoxicity