Psychology Chapter 4

1. The skin senses include pressure, pain and ______.

Posture

Movement

Balance

Temperature

2. Tock concerts, blaring radios, and raucous pep rallies are _______.

Adolescent rites of passage

Signs of a good time

Damaging to auditory receptor cells

The reasons parents lose their sanity by age 50

3. Filtering out and attending only to important sensory messages is the definition of _________.

Love-at-first sight

Selective attention

Transduction

Habituation

4. ______ starts at the "bottom" with raw sensory data that are sent "up" to the brain for higher leve analysis.

Perception

Bottom-up processing

Sensation

Integration

5. _________ is a monocular depth cue that occurs when parallel lines converge in the distance.

Aerial perspective

Relative size

Linear perspective

Interposition

6. Light stimulation of both pressure and pain receptors results in the sensation of ________.

Itching

Tickling

Vibration

All of these options

7. The ____ is the lowest or quietest sound people can hear.

Threshold of excitation

Absolute threshold

Difference threshold

Low point

8. ______ are people who perceive only two colors.

Monochromats

Dual-processors

Dichromats

Trio-processors

9. The of light determines its hue, whereas the _ determines its brightness.

Wavelength, amplitude

Pitch, wavelength

Timbre, amplitude

Wavelength, frequency

10. ______ results from stimulation of receptor cells in the nose.

Audition

Pheromones

Olfaction

Gustation

11. Monocular and binocular are two cues for __________.

Depth perception

Size adaptations

Perceptual constancies

Visual corrections

12. _ are involved with color vision, whereas are responsible for dim or night vision.

Rods, cones

Hair cells, cilia

Lens, cornea

Cones, rods

13. Airborne chemicals released from one individual that affect another individual's behavior are known as __________.

Olfactory attractants

Sexual odorificants

Pheromones

Olfactory hormones

14. Concerning ESP (extrasensory perception), research suggests that people should be ______.

Believers

Doing more research to support ESP

Very skeptical of ESP claims

Developing their own ESP

15. Thanks to _____, an elephant is perceived as much larger when it is standing next to a mouse than it is when it stands next to a giraffe.

Telekinesis

Hallucinations

Illusions

Frame of reference

16. Converting a receptor's energy into a neural impulse is called _____.

Reduction

Conduction

Transduction

Neural stimulation

17. When you look as a chair from the back or front, it looks like a rectangle. However, when you see it form the side, it has an "h" shape, but you still recognize it as a chair because of _______.

Sensory adaptation

Shape constancy

Size constancy

Sensory habituation

18. Smell and taste can be adversely affected by the _________.

Trichromatic theory

Common cold

Opponent-process theory

All of these options

19. The _______ is an apparatus used by scientists to study depth perception.

Trichromatic blender

Opponent-process dicer

Visual cliff

Ames Room

20. Light travel through the cornea on to the ________.

Pupil, lens and retina

Lens, pupil and retina

Vitreous humor, aueous humor, and retina

Retina on the back of the lens

21. Scientists sometimes find that one person will demonstrate ESP in one laboratory but not in another. This suggests that _________.

Replication of studies is useless

The studies were probably not valid

The researcher or the participant was biased against ESP

ESP is not reliable phenomenon

22. Which of the following is the most fundamental Gestalt principle of organization?

Roundness

Isolation

Symmetry

Figure and ground

23. Specialized cells in the brain that respond only to certain sensory information are known as ________.

Visual constancies

Reinal disparity

Convergence

Feature detectors

24. Which of the following is an example of pitch?

You switch the lever on your telephone from soft to loud

Your mother raises the volume of her voice when you ignore her

You can barely hear your television because of the traffic noise outside

Your neighbor's car alarm alternates between high and low tones

25. The _______ amplifies sound and sends italong to the cochlea's oval window.

Pinna

Middle ear

Inner ear

Outer ear

26. Sensory adaptation occurs when ________.

One sensory system takes over for another that has been damaged.

Information from several sensory systems are organized together in the brain

A sensory system becomes less responsive to continuous stimulation

A stroke or other brain damage prevents full sensory capability

27. The ________ provide the brain with balance information, particularly information about the rotation of the head.

Hairs in the nasal cavity

Myelinated fibers in the olfactory system

Semicircular canals

None of these options

28. The _____ theory of color vision states that there are three systems of color opposites (blue-yellow, red-green, and black-white).

Trichromatic

Opponent-process

Tri-receptor

Lock-and-key

29. Children are picky about food because _______.

Their taste buds are replaced quickly

Of childhood experiences and cultural influences

Of evolutionary preference

All of these options

30. The supposed "psychic" ability to predict the future is called _______.

Telekinesis

Telepathy

Precognition

None of these options

31. Which of the following is responsible for depth perception?

Thalamus

Binocular cues

Retinal disparity

All but one of these options

32. When an observer moves, near objects seem to pass quickly, intermediate objects seem to pass rather slowly, and far objects seem to stand almost still. The name of this monocular cue is __________.

Linear perspective

Accommodation

Relative size

Motion parallax

33. The ______ sense is located in the inner ear and is responsible for our sense of balance.

Auditory

Gustatory

Kinesthetic

Vestibular

34. ______ results when the cornea and lens focus an image in front of the retina.

Presbyopia

Hyperopia

Myopia

None of these options

35. The neuromuscular cue to distance cause be both eyes turning in or out to focus on an object is called ___________.

Binocular rivalry

Retinal disparity

Convergence

Accommodation

36. The tendency for the environment to be perceived as remaining the same even with changes in sensory input is known as __________.

Habituation

Sensory adaptation

Perceptual constancy

Sensory sensitivity

37. ________ involving a mixing of sensory experiences.

Sensation

Perception

Transduction

Synesthesia

38. The readiness to perceive in a particular manner based on expectations is called _______.

Perceptual bias

Selective attention

The self-fulfilling prophecy

Perceptual set

39. __ are false impressions of the environment. are sensory perceptions that occur without external stimulus.

Hallucinations; delusions

Delusions; illusions

Illusions; delusions

Illusions; hallucinations

40. Subliminal messages, those messages presented below conscious awareness, can affect behavior in which of the following ways?

They can help you learn while asleep

They can cause you to chance your behavior to comply with the message

They can improve your memory for things that you learn while awake.

None of these options

Psychology Chapter 4

1. The skin senses include pressure, pain and ______.

2.

What first name or nickname would you like us to use?

2. Tock concerts, blaring radios, and raucous pep rallies are _______.

3. Filtering out and attending only to important sensory messages is the definition of _________.

4. ______ starts at the "bottom" with raw sensory data that are sent "up" to the brain for higher leve analysis.

5. _________ is a monocular depth cue that occurs when parallel lines converge in the distance.

6. Light stimulation of both pressure and pain receptors results in the sensation of ________.

7. The ____ is the lowest or quietest sound people can hear.

8. ______ are people who perceive only two colors.

9. The ____ of light determines its hue, whereas the _____ determines its brightness.

10. ______ results from stimulation of receptor cells in the nose.

11. Monocular and binocular are two cues for __________.

12. _____ are involved with color vision, whereas ____ are responsible for dim or night vision.

13. Airborne chemicals released from one individual that affect another individual's behavior are known as __________.

14. Concerning ESP (extrasensory perception), research suggests that people should be ______.

15. Thanks to _____, an elephant is perceived as much larger when it is standing next to a mouse than it is when it stands next to a giraffe.

16. Converting a receptor's energy into a neural impulse is called _____.

17. When you look as a chair from the back or front, it looks like a rectangle. However, when you see it form the side, it has an "h" shape, but you still recognize it as a chair because of _______.

18. Smell and taste can be adversely affected by the _________.

19. The _______ is an apparatus used by scientists to study depth perception.

20. Light travel through the cornea on to the ________.

21. Scientists sometimes find that one person will demonstrate ESP in one laboratory but not in another. This suggests that _________.

22. Which of the following is the most fundamental Gestalt principle of organization?

23. Specialized cells in the brain that respond only to certain sensory information are known as ________.

24. Which of the following is an example of pitch?

25. The _______ amplifies sound and sends italong to the cochlea's oval window.

26. Sensory adaptation occurs when ________.

27. The ________ provide the brain with balance information, particularly information about the rotation of the head.

28. The _____ theory of color vision states that there are three systems of color opposites (blue-yellow, red-green, and black-white).

29. Children are picky about food because _______.

30. The supposed "psychic" ability to predict the future is called _______.

31. Which of the following is responsible for depth perception?

32. When an observer moves, near objects seem to pass quickly, intermediate objects seem to pass rather slowly, and far objects seem to stand almost still. The name of this monocular cue is __________.

33. The ______ sense is located in the inner ear and is responsible for our sense of balance.

34. ______ results when the cornea and lens focus an image in front of the retina.

35. The neuromuscular cue to distance cause be both eyes turning in or out to focus on an object is called ___________.

36. The tendency for the environment to be perceived as remaining the same even with changes in sensory input is known as __________.

37. ________ involving a mixing of sensory experiences.

38. The readiness to perceive in a particular manner based on expectations is called _______.

39. ________ are false impressions of the environment. ______ are sensory perceptions that occur without external stimulus.

40. Subliminal messages, those messages presented below conscious awareness, can affect behavior in which of the following ways?

9. The of light determines its hue, whereas the _ determines its brightness.

12. _ are involved with color vision, whereas are responsible for dim or night vision.

39. __ are false impressions of the environment. are sensory perceptions that occur without external stimulus.