What Causes Mountains, Volcanoes, And Earthquakes?
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Earth has 3 distinct layers. Choose the best answer with the layers from the outside inward.
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Crust, core, mantle
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Crust, mantle, core
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Mantle, crust, core
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Mantle, core, crust
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Core, mantle, crust
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About This Quiz
It’s very easy to take the time to acknowledge the beauty of a mountain or a volcano, or the sheer horror of an earthquake, but do you even know how the things are formed? Let’s find out!
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- 2.
We live on the Earth's surface, also known as
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Crust
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Mantle
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Core
Correct Answer
A. CrustExplanation
The Earth's surface is made up of a thin layer called the crust. It is the outermost layer of the Earth and is composed of solid rock. The crust is where we live and where most geological activity occurs, such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. It is relatively thin compared to the other layers of the Earth, including the mantle and core.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The thinnest Earth's layer
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Core
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Mantle
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Crust
Correct Answer
A. CrustExplanation
The crust is the correct answer because it is the thinnest layer of the Earth. The Earth's crust is the outermost solid layer, ranging in thickness from around 5 to 70 kilometers. It is composed of rocks, minerals, and soil, and is divided into continental crust and oceanic crust. The core and mantle are both located beneath the crust and are much thicker in comparison.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The Earth's crust is made of
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Wood
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Rock
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Water
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Metal
Correct Answer
A. RockExplanation
The Earth's crust is primarily composed of rock. Rock is a solid material that is made up of different minerals. It forms the outermost layer of the Earth's surface and provides a solid foundation for the continents and ocean basins. Wood, water, and metal are not the main components of the Earth's crust and do not make up its composition.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The mantle is
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Hot
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Cold
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Warm
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Chilly
Correct Answer
A. HotExplanation
The mantle is hot because it is the layer of the Earth located between the crust and the core. It is primarily composed of solid rock that is under high pressure and temperature. The heat in the mantle is generated by the radioactive decay of elements and residual heat from the formation of the Earth. This high temperature in the mantle is responsible for the movement of tectonic plates and the creation of volcanic activity.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Although the mantle is made of rock, the lower part of the mantle is
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Soft
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Hard
Correct Answer
A. SoftExplanation
The mantle, despite being made of rock, is considered soft in its lower part. This is because the mantle is composed of solid rock that is under extremely high temperatures and pressures. These conditions cause the rock to behave in a plastic-like manner, allowing it to flow and deform over long periods of time. This softness of the lower mantle is crucial for the movement of tectonic plates and the convection currents that drive plate tectonics.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Part of the hot and soft lower mantle can reach the Earth's surface through
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Erosion
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Volcanoes
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Glaciers
Correct Answer
A. VolcanoesExplanation
Volcanoes are the correct answer because they are the primary geological feature through which the hot and soft lower mantle material can reach the Earth's surface. Volcanoes are formed when molten rock, or magma, rises from the mantle and erupts onto the surface. This process allows the lower mantle material to be exposed and released, resulting in volcanic activity. Erosion and glaciers, on the other hand, do not directly connect to the lower mantle and do not play a significant role in the transportation of mantle material to the surface.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The hottest Earth's layer is
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Crust
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Mantle
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Core
Correct Answer
A. CoreExplanation
The hottest layer of the Earth is the core. The Earth's core is made up of two parts: the outer core and the inner core. The outer core is composed of liquid iron and nickel, while the inner core is solid. The core is incredibly hot, with temperatures reaching up to 5700 degrees Celsius (10,000 degrees Fahrenheit). This high temperature is due to the intense pressure and heat generated by the radioactive decay of elements in the core.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The core can be divided into two parts
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Outer core of solid iron and a liquid iron layer
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Outer core of liquid or molten acid and a solid iron layer
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Outer core of liquid or molten iron and a solid limestone layer
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Outer core of liquid or molten iron and a solid iron layer
Correct Answer
A. Outer core of liquid or molten iron and a solid iron layerExplanation
The correct answer is outer core of liquid or molten iron and a solid iron layer. This is because the outer core of the Earth is composed of liquid or molten iron, which is responsible for generating the Earth's magnetic field. Surrounding this liquid iron layer is a solid iron layer, which separates the outer core from the Earth's mantle.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What keeps the inner core solid?
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Temperature
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Pressure
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Wind
Correct Answer
A. PressureExplanation
The inner core of the Earth is kept solid due to the immense pressure exerted on it from the weight of the layers above it. This pressure is caused by the gravitational pull of the Earth's mass, which compresses the inner core and prevents it from melting despite its extremely high temperature. The combination of high temperature and pressure creates the conditions necessary for the inner core to maintain its solid state.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Earth's crust is made up of many pieces of rock known as
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Valleys
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Plates
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Bowls
Correct Answer
A. PlatesExplanation
The Earth's crust is composed of large pieces of rock called plates. These plates float on the semi-fluid layer of the Earth's mantle and are constantly moving. The movement of these plates is responsible for various geological phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountains. The theory explaining the movement of these plates is known as plate tectonics. Therefore, the correct answer is "plates."Rate this question:
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- 12.
Earth's plates fit together like pieces of jigsaw puzzle
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The statement "Earth's plates fit together like pieces of a jigsaw puzzle" is true. This refers to the theory of plate tectonics, which explains how the Earth's lithosphere is divided into several large and small plates that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere. These plates interact with each other at their boundaries, which can be convergent, divergent, or transform. At these boundaries, the plates can collide, separate, or slide past each other, causing various geological phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountains. The concept of plates fitting together like puzzle pieces helps to understand the movement and interactions of these tectonic plates.Rate this question:
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- 13.
There are ________ major plates
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4
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7
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12
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10
Correct Answer
A. 12Explanation
The Earth's lithosphere is divided into several large and small plates that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere beneath them. These plates are constantly moving and interacting with each other, causing earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountains. There are a total of 12 major plates, including the African Plate, Antarctic Plate, Eurasian Plate, Indo-Australian Plate, North American Plate, South American Plate, Pacific Plate, Nazca Plate, Arabian Plate, Caribbean Plate, Cocos Plate, and the Philippine Sea Plate.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Most of North America belongs to
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Pacific Plate
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North American Plate
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Eurasia Plate
Correct Answer
A. North American PlateExplanation
The North American Plate is the correct answer because it is the tectonic plate that covers most of North America. Tectonic plates are large pieces of the Earth's lithosphere that move and interact with each other. The North American Plate is bounded by various other plates, such as the Pacific Plate to the west and the Eurasian Plate to the east. This plate boundary creates geological features like mountain ranges, earthquakes, and volcanic activity.Rate this question:
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- 15.
California is on the North American Plate and the ___________
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Eurasian Plate
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Pacific Plate
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South American Plate
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Atlantic Plate
Correct Answer
A. Pacific PlateExplanation
California is located on the North American Plate, which is a tectonic plate that covers most of North America. The Pacific Plate is the correct answer because it is the neighboring plate to the west of the North American Plate. The boundary between these two plates is known as the San Andreas Fault, which is responsible for the frequent earthquakes in California. The South American Plate and Atlantic Plate are not relevant to California's location, and the Eurasian Plate is located on the opposite side of the globe.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The plates float on the soft rock of the
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Crust
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Mantle
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Core
Correct Answer
A. MantleExplanation
The plates float on the soft rock of the mantle. The Earth's mantle is a layer of semi-solid rock that lies beneath the crust. It is composed of various minerals and is in a state between solid and liquid, known as plasticity. The movement of the plates is caused by the convection currents in the mantle. These currents cause the softer, less dense parts of the mantle to rise, while the denser parts sink. This movement of the mantle material pushes and drags the tectonic plates, causing them to move and interact with each other.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Pressure and heat within the Earth produce currents in the soft rock of the mantle and cause it to move. This is what causes the plates to move
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The explanation for the correct answer "True" is that pressure and heat within the Earth generate currents in the soft rock of the mantle. These currents cause the movement of the tectonic plates. This is supported by scientific evidence and is a widely accepted explanation for plate tectonics.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Plate movement is very __________only a few _________ each year
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Slow, inches
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Slow, centimeters
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Fast, feet
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Fast, miles
Correct Answer
A. Slow, centimetersExplanation
Plate movement is described as being "very slow" because it only moves a few centimeters each year. This suggests that the movement of tectonic plates is a gradual and incremental process, rather than a rapid or sudden movement. The mention of centimeters emphasizes the small scale of this movement, reinforcing the idea that plate motion is slow and occurs over long periods of time.Rate this question:
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- 19.
This is not an example of a plate movement
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Push together
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Pull apart
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Float by itself
Correct Answer
A. Float by itselfExplanation
The given options describe different types of plate movements. "Push together" refers to convergent plate boundaries where plates collide, "Pull apart" refers to divergent plate boundaries where plates move away from each other. "Float by itself" is not a type of plate movement; it describes a stationary plate that is not involved in any movement or interaction with other plates.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Plate movement can cause Earth's landforms to change
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Plate movement refers to the movement of tectonic plates, which are large pieces of the Earth's crust that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere below. These plates are constantly moving, albeit very slowly, due to the convective currents in the mantle. As the plates move, they can interact with each other in various ways, such as colliding, sliding past each other, or moving apart. These interactions can lead to the formation of new landforms, such as mountains, valleys, and rifts, as well as the modification or destruction of existing ones. Therefore, it is true that plate movement can cause Earth's landforms to change.Rate this question:
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- 21.
When plates collide, __________ is released
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Heat
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Water
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Energy
Correct Answer
A. EnergyExplanation
When plates collide, energy is released. This is because the collision of plates creates a tremendous amount of force and pressure, which results in the release of energy in various forms. This energy can manifest as seismic waves, causing earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. It can also be released as heat, as the friction between the plates generates intense temperatures. Overall, the collision of plates is a powerful geological event that releases significant amounts of energy.Rate this question:
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- 22.
This is not an example of landform changes when plates collide
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Mountain rises
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Volcano erupts
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Deep trenches form
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Valley forms
Correct Answer
A. Valley formsExplanation
When plates collide, the most common landform change is the formation of mountains. This is because the collision causes the crust to buckle and fold, resulting in the uplift of the Earth's surface. Volcanic eruptions can also occur when plates collide, but they are not directly related to the collision itself. Deep trenches, on the other hand, are formed when plates subduct or move past each other, not when they collide. Valleys, however, can be formed through various processes, such as erosion by rivers or glaciers. Therefore, the formation of a valley is not directly associated with plates colliding.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Andes Mountains is an example of
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Plates colliding
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Plates pulling apart
Correct Answer
A. Plates collidingExplanation
The Andes Mountains is an example of plates colliding. This is because the Andes are formed by the convergence of two tectonic plates, the Nazca Plate and the South American Plate. As these plates collide, the denser oceanic Nazca Plate is forced beneath the less dense continental South American Plate in a process known as subduction. This subduction leads to the formation of the Andes Mountains, making it a prime example of plates colliding.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Africa's Great Rift Valley is an example of
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Plates colliding
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Plates pulling apart
Correct Answer
A. Plates pulling apartExplanation
The Great Rift Valley in Africa is an example of plates pulling apart. This geological phenomenon is caused by the divergence of tectonic plates, specifically the African Plate and the Somali Plate. As these plates move away from each other, it creates a rift or a gap in the Earth's surface. This process is associated with volcanic activity, earthquakes, and the formation of new crust. The Great Rift Valley is a prominent example of this type of plate boundary, with its unique landscapes, deep valleys, and numerous lakes formed by the pulling apart of the Earth's crust.Rate this question:
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- 25.
When plates pull apart
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New sea floor is formed at the ridges
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Sea floor is lost
Correct Answer
A. New sea floor is formed at the ridgesExplanation
When plates pull apart at the ridges, new sea floor is formed. This process is known as seafloor spreading. As the plates move away from each other, magma rises to fill the gap and solidifies, creating new oceanic crust. This process is responsible for the formation of mid-ocean ridges, where new crust is continuously being formed. Therefore, the correct answer is that new sea floor is formed at the ridges.Rate this question:
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- 26.
When plates scrape and slide past each other, they shake Earth's surface. Along the San Andreas fault in CA, the _________ plate is moving past the __________ plate
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Pacific, North America
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Africa, North America
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Pacific, Nazca
Correct Answer
A. Pacific, North AmericaExplanation
The correct answer is Pacific, North America. The San Andreas fault is a transform boundary where the Pacific plate and the North American plate are sliding past each other. This movement causes earthquakes and shaking of the Earth's surface.Rate this question:
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- 27.
When plates scrape and slide past each other, _____________ occurs
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Volcano
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Hail
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Earth quake
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Erosion
Correct Answer
A. Earth quakeExplanation
When plates scrape and slide past each other, it causes an earthquake. This is because the Earth's crust is divided into several large tectonic plates that are constantly moving. When these plates interact, they can create friction and pressure, which eventually leads to the release of energy in the form of seismic waves, causing the ground to shake and resulting in an earthquake.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Earthquakes may be caused by
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Plates sliding past each other
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Lava flowing down the side of a volcano
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Plates spreading apart
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Hot magma
Correct Answer
A. Plates sliding past each otherExplanation
Earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates, which make up the Earth's crust. When these plates slide past each other, it creates friction and stress along the plate boundaries. As the stress builds up, it eventually overcomes the friction, causing the plates to suddenly slip or slide, resulting in an earthquake. This movement releases a tremendous amount of energy, which travels through the Earth in the form of seismic waves, causing the ground to shake.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Most mountains and volcanoes form at
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Valleys
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Plate boundaries
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Plate center
Correct Answer
A. Plate boundariesExplanation
Mountains and volcanoes are formed at plate boundaries. Plate boundaries are the areas where tectonic plates meet and interact with each other. There are three types of plate boundaries: convergent, divergent, and transform. Convergent boundaries occur when two plates collide, causing one plate to be forced beneath the other, resulting in the formation of mountains. Divergent boundaries occur when two plates move away from each other, creating a gap that allows magma to rise and form volcanoes. Transform boundaries occur when two plates slide past each other horizontally, causing earthquakes but not necessarily forming mountains or volcanoes. Therefore, plate boundaries are the locations where mountains and volcanoes are most likely to form.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Many earthquakes occurs at plate boundaries
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Plate boundaries are the areas where tectonic plates interact with each other. These interactions can lead to the formation of faults, which are responsible for earthquakes. The movement and collision of plates at these boundaries create stress and pressure, which eventually gets released in the form of seismic activity. Therefore, it is true that many earthquakes occur at plate boundaries due to the intense geological activity happening in these regions.Rate this question:
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- 31.
In 1964 a large 9.1 earthquake hit Alaska
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
In 1964, Alaska experienced a massive earthquake measuring 9.1 on the Richter scale. This earthquake is known as the Great Alaska Earthquake, and it is one of the most powerful earthquakes ever recorded in North America. It caused extensive damage to buildings, roads, and infrastructure, as well as triggering tsunamis that affected coastal areas. Therefore, the statement "In 1964 a large 9.1 earthquake hit Alaska" is true.Rate this question:
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- 32.
The ____________ scale is used to measure relative strengths or magnitudes of earthquakes
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Steven
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Richter
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Richard
Correct Answer
A. RichterExplanation
The Richter scale is used to measure the relative strengths or magnitudes of earthquakes. It was developed by Charles F. Richter in 1935 and is based on the amplitude of seismic waves recorded by seismographs. The scale ranges from 0 to 10, with each whole number increase representing a tenfold increase in the magnitude of the earthquake. This scale is widely used by scientists and seismologists to categorize and compare the intensity of earthquakes.Rate this question:
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- 33.
An earthquake of 7.5 is __________ times more powerful than a 6.5
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10
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1
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15
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32
Correct Answer
A. 32Explanation
The magnitude of an earthquake is measured on a logarithmic scale, meaning that each whole number increase in magnitude represents a tenfold increase in the amplitude of the seismic waves. Therefore, an earthquake of magnitude 7.5 is 32 times more powerful than an earthquake of magnitude 6.5.Rate this question:
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- 34.
The energy released by _____________ can cause great damages
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Earthquakes
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Weathering
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Erosion
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Deposition
Correct Answer
A. EarthquakesExplanation
Earthquakes are caused by the release of energy from tectonic plate movements beneath the Earth's surface. These movements result in the shaking and trembling of the ground, which can lead to significant damages such as collapsing buildings, landslides, tsunamis, and loss of life. The energy released during earthquakes is immense and can cause widespread destruction in affected areas. Therefore, earthquakes are the correct answer as they have the potential to cause great damages.Rate this question:
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- 35.
_____________ are common...about a million or so occur every years.
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Hurricanes
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Earthquakes
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Tsunamis
Correct Answer
A. EarthquakesExplanation
Earthquakes are common natural disasters that occur worldwide, with approximately a million or so happening every year. These seismic events are caused by the sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust, resulting in ground shaking and sometimes causing significant damage to structures and infrastructure. Earthquakes can occur due to various factors, including tectonic plate movements, volcanic activity, or human-induced activities like mining or reservoir-induced seismicity. Understanding earthquakes and their patterns is crucial for implementing effective disaster preparedness and mitigation strategies to minimize their impact on human lives and property.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Earthquakes can occur along the plate boundaries or along _________ in the crust
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Deltas
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Faults
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Hills
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Valleys
Correct Answer
A. FaultsExplanation
Earthquakes can occur along the plate boundaries or along faults in the crust. Faults are fractures in the Earth's crust where movement occurs, causing earthquakes. When stress builds up along a fault line, it eventually exceeds the strength of the rocks and causes them to break and slip, resulting in an earthquake. Faults are common in areas where tectonic plates interact, such as along plate boundaries. Therefore, earthquakes are most likely to occur along faults rather than deltas, hills, or valleys.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Earthquakes send out energy in the form of
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Ocean waves
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Seismic waves
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Seismic wind
Correct Answer
A. Seismic wavesExplanation
Earthquakes release energy in the form of seismic waves. These waves travel through the Earth's crust and cause the ground to shake. Seismic waves can be categorized into two types: body waves and surface waves. Body waves include P-waves and S-waves, which travel through the interior of the Earth. Surface waves, on the other hand, travel along the Earth's surface and are responsible for the most damage during an earthquake. Therefore, seismic waves are the correct answer as they accurately describe the energy released by earthquakes.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Energy released by earth quakes can be measured using a
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Telegraph
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Scale
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Seismotor
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Seismograph
Correct Answer
A. SeismographExplanation
A seismograph is a device used to measure the energy released by earthquakes. It consists of a pendulum or a mass attached to a fixed base, which is designed to detect and record the vibrations caused by seismic waves. When an earthquake occurs, the ground shakes and the seismograph detects these vibrations, converting them into a graphical representation called a seismogram. By analyzing the seismogram, scientists can determine the magnitude and other characteristics of the earthquake, providing valuable information for understanding and studying seismic activity. A telegraph scale, seismotor, or any other option mentioned in the question is not specifically designed for measuring earthquake energy.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Highest earth's landforms are
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Valleys
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Rivers
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Mountains
Correct Answer
A. MountainsExplanation
Mountains are the correct answer because they are the highest landforms on Earth. They are characterized by their tall peaks and steep slopes, often reaching great heights above sea level. Mountains are formed through tectonic processes, such as the collision of tectonic plates or volcanic activity. They play a crucial role in shaping the Earth's landscape and are important for various ecological systems. Rivers and valleys, on the other hand, are typically found in mountainous regions but are not themselves the highest landforms.Rate this question:
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- 40.
What is formed when the crust folds, cracks, and bends upward due to movement of the earth's plates?
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Glaciers
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Valleys
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Floodplains
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Mountains
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Deltas
Correct Answer
A. MountainsExplanation
When the crust of the Earth folds, cracks, and bends upward due to movement of the Earth's plates, mountains are formed. This process, known as tectonic activity, occurs when two tectonic plates collide or when one plate is forced beneath another. The intense pressure and stress cause the crust to deform, resulting in the formation of mountain ranges. Mountains are characterized by their steep slopes, high elevations, and rugged terrain. They can be found on every continent and are often associated with geological processes such as volcanic activity and earthquakes.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Most of the mountains are formed when
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Plates collide
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Plates floats
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Glacier melts
Correct Answer
A. Plates collideExplanation
Mountains are formed when tectonic plates collide. The Earth's lithosphere is divided into several large plates that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere beneath them. When two plates collide, they can either converge or compress against each other. This compression causes the crust to buckle and fold, resulting in the formation of mountains. The collision can also lead to the uplift of rocks and the creation of fault lines. Over millions of years, the continuous movement and pressure between the plates contribute to the growth and formation of mountains.Rate this question:
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- 42.
The Himalayas is formed through
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Continental plated pulling apart
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Continental plates scraping past one another
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Continental plates colliding
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Continental and oceanic plates colliding
Correct Answer
A. Continental plates collidingExplanation
The Himalayas is formed through continental plates colliding. This collision occurs between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. The Indian Plate, which was once a separate landmass, is slowly moving northward and colliding with the Eurasian Plate. The immense pressure and force generated by this collision causes the rocks to buckle, fold, and uplift, resulting in the formation of the Himalayan mountain range. The collision is ongoing and continues to push the Himalayas higher each year.Rate this question:
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- 43.
The Cascade mountain is formed when
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Continental and oceanic plates colliding and continental plates move over and above the oceanic plates
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Continental and oceanic plates colliding and continental plates sink below the oceanic plates
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Continental and oceanic plates separating
Correct Answer
A. Continental and oceanic plates colliding and continental plates move over and above the oceanic platesExplanation
When continental and oceanic plates collide, the denser oceanic plate is forced beneath the less dense continental plate in a process called subduction. However, in the case of the Cascade mountain range, the continental plate does not sink below the oceanic plate. Instead, it moves over and above the oceanic plate due to the intense pressure and heat generated by the collision. This movement causes the crust to buckle and fold, leading to the formation of the Cascade mountain range.Rate this question:
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- 44.
The Grand Tetons forms
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At the edges of the plates
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When pressure at the boundaries pushes a block of rock upward
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Continental and oceanic plates colliding and continental plates sink below the oceanic plates
Correct Answer
A. When pressure at the boundaries pushes a block of rock upwardExplanation
The Grand Tetons form when pressure at the boundaries pushes a block of rock upward. This suggests that the mountain range is a result of tectonic activity, specifically the collision of continental and oceanic plates. As the plates collide, the continental plate sinks below the oceanic plate, causing the rock to be pushed upward and forming the Grand Tetons.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Mid-ocean ridges form when
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Plates pull apart and magma rise into the gaps to form long chains of mountains under the ocean
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Plates collides and magma rise into the gaps to form long chains of mountains under the ocean
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Continental and oceanic plates colliding and continental plates sink below the oceanic plates
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Continental plates scraping past one another
Correct Answer
A. Plates pull apart and magma rise into the gaps to form long chains of mountains under the oceanExplanation
Mid-ocean ridges form when plates pull apart and magma rises into the gaps to form long chains of mountains under the ocean. This process is known as seafloor spreading. As the plates move apart, magma from the mantle is able to rise up and fill the gap, solidifying to form new oceanic crust. Over time, this continuous process of seafloor spreading creates a long chain of underwater mountains, known as a mid-ocean ridge.Rate this question:
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- 46.
The longest mountain range is ____________ which separate the North american and Eurasian plates in the North Atlantic and the South American and the African plates in teh South Atlantic.
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Himalayas
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The Mid Atlantic Ridge
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Mount everest
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Rocky Mountains
Correct Answer
A. The Mid Atlantic RidgeExplanation
The Mid Atlantic Ridge is the correct answer because it is the longest mountain range that separates the North American and Eurasian plates in the North Atlantic and the South American and African plates in the South Atlantic. It is an underwater mountain range that runs down the center of the Atlantic Ocean, stretching for about 10,000 miles. The ridge is formed by the divergent boundary between these tectonic plates, where new crust is continuously being created as the plates move apart.Rate this question:
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- 47.
______ is magma that reaches Earth's surfaces
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Volcanoes
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Glaciers
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Iron
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Lava
Correct Answer
A. LavaExplanation
Lava is the correct answer because it is the term used to describe magma that has reached the Earth's surface. Magma is molten rock found beneath the Earth's surface, while lava is the same molten rock that has erupted onto the surface through a volcano or other opening. Therefore, lava is the appropriate term to describe magma that has reached the Earth's surface.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Small pieces of hardened lava
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Magmas
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Volcanoes
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Ashes
Correct Answer
A. AshesExplanation
Ashes are small pieces of hardened lava that are formed when volcanic eruptions occur. During an eruption, molten rock called magma is expelled from a volcano. As the magma cools and solidifies, it breaks into small fragments known as ashes. These ashes can be carried by the wind and scattered over a wide area, often causing damage to the surrounding environment. Ashes are a common result of volcanic activity and can be found in volcanic regions around the world.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Chains of volcanoes form where
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A continental and an ocean plates collide and the edge of the oceanic plate melts as it sink into the mantle. The melted rock becomes magma
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A continental and an ocean plates collide and the edge of the continental plate melts as it sink into the mantle. The melted rock becomes magma
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A continental and an ocean plates collide and the edge of the oceanic plate melts as it sink into the core. The melted rock becomes magma
Correct Answer
A. A continental and an ocean plates collide and the edge of the oceanic plate melts as it sink into the mantle. The melted rock becomes magmaExplanation
When a continental and an oceanic plate collide, the denser oceanic plate is forced beneath the continental plate in a process called subduction. As the oceanic plate sinks into the mantle, the intense heat and pressure cause the edge of the plate to melt. This melted rock, known as magma, then rises to the surface and forms chains of volcanoes. This explanation aligns with plate tectonic theory and the process of subduction, where the sinking plate generates magma that leads to volcanic activity.Rate this question:
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