Aircraft Volume 3 Unit Review Exercises

The NF-2 Light-all is equipped with a 110 volts alternating current (VAC) power receptacle, allowing for the use of electrical equipment outside the repair area. This suggests that the NF-2 Light-all is a portable lighting equipment that can be used in various locations, providing illumination where needed. The other options, such as the MB-2 Nitrogen cart, Diesel generator, and HDU-13/M heater, do not mention having a 110 VAC power receptacle, making them unlikely choices for this question.

An impact wrench is the most suitable powered tool for removing access door screws. It is designed to deliver high torque output with minimal effort, making it ideal for loosening tight or stubborn screws. A speed handle is a manual tool and would require more physical effort. An air hammer is typically used for chiseling or breaking apart materials, not for removing screws. While an electric drill with an adapter can also remove screws, an impact wrench is specifically designed for this purpose and would likely be more efficient and effective.

The correct answer is "Antistatic, nonmetal." In the fuel systems repair area, it is important to prevent sparks or static electricity that could potentially ignite flammable fuels. Therefore, the wheels installed on rolling support equipment must be antistatic, meaning they are designed to dissipate static electricity and prevent sparks. Additionally, they must be made of a nonmetal material to further minimize the risk of sparks.

To prepare the surface for the new fillet after removing the defective sealant, it is recommended to abrade 1/2 inch from the ends of the fillet. This will ensure that the surface is properly prepared and ready for the application of the new fillet. Abrading too close to the ends or not enough may result in inadequate adhesion of the new sealant, compromising its effectiveness.

When injecting using a high pressure injection gun, providing an air escape will protect the aircraft structure. This is because high pressure injection can cause air pockets to form, which can lead to structural damage if not released. Providing an air escape allows the air to be safely released, preventing any potential harm to the aircraft structure.

The fuel cell is plasticized prior to storage in order to prevent cracking and drying. This process involves adding a plasticizer, which is a substance that helps to maintain the flexibility and moisture content of the cell material. By preventing cracking and drying, the plasticizer ensures that the fuel cell remains in good condition and is able to function effectively when it is used.

In order to set up the open repair area, the powered support equipment should be placed outside the 50 foot marked area. This ensures that the equipment is not too close to the ropes and allows for a safe and organized work environment. Placing the equipment outside the 50 foot marked area also allows for sufficient space for other activities and personnel to move around without any hindrance.

The primary structural components of an aircraft wing include the spars, ribs, and skin. The spars are long, horizontal beams that run the length of the wing and provide the main structural support. The ribs are vertical or diagonal supports that connect to the spars and help maintain the wing's shape. The skin, also known as the wing covering, is the outermost layer of the wing and provides aerodynamic smoothness and protection to the internal components. The stringers are additional structural members that run parallel to the spars and provide additional support. The empennage refers to the tail section of the aircraft, which is not a part of the wing. The trailing edge is the rear edge of the wing, which is also not a primary structural component.

Secondary flight controls are the additional control surfaces on an aircraft that assist in controlling its movement and stability. Ailerons, rudders, and elevators are considered primary flight controls as they directly control the aircraft's roll, yaw, and pitch respectively. Trim tabs, on the other hand, are secondary flight controls that are used to fine-tune the primary controls and adjust the aircraft's balance and stability during flight. They help the pilot in reducing control forces and maintaining the desired flight attitude.

An ideal installation of a bolt on an aircraft component requires the grip length of the bolt to be slightly shorter than the thickness of the materials being joined. This ensures that the bolt can securely hold the materials together without excessive protrusion or insufficient engagement. Having the grip length slightly shorter allows for proper thread engagement and prevents the bolt from bottoming out, resulting in a secure and reliable joint.

The recommended method of purging an aircraft fuel tank is through a combination purge. This method uses a combination of blow purge and fluid purge techniques. Blow purge involves using compressed air or gas to blow out any remaining fuel from the tank, while fluid purge involves using a cleaning fluid to flush out any contaminants. By combining these two methods, the fuel tank can be effectively purged of any fuel or contaminants, ensuring safe and efficient operation of the aircraft.

Using oil to aid the installation of a self-sealing hose is not acceptable because it can cause the hose to slip out of position or create a potential leak. It is important to install the hose without any additional lubrication to ensure a secure and tight connection.

The ratio of output pressure to input pressure of a two-part sealant high-pressure injection gun is 50 to 1. This means that for every unit of input pressure, the gun will generate 50 units of output pressure. This high ratio allows for the efficient and effective application of the sealant, ensuring that it is properly injected into the desired areas.

The correct answer is milliohms. The T477W Bonding meter is used to measure electrical resistance. The unit for measuring resistance is ohms. Since the values displayed on the meter are in milliohms, it means that the resistance being measured is in the range of thousandths of an ohm.

To start the HDU-13/M heater, you need to press the blower button first, which activates the blower. This is important because the blower helps to circulate air and ensure proper ventilation. After that, you need to press the heater button to start the heating process. By pressing both buttons, you are ensuring that the blower is functioning and the heater is activated, which is necessary for the heater to start working effectively.

Aircraft that are adjacent to an open fuel systems repair area should not be operated under their own power within 100 feet. This is to ensure safety and prevent any potential accidents or incidents that could occur due to the proximity of the aircraft to the repair area. Operating the aircraft within 100 feet could pose a risk of ignition or fuel leakage, which could lead to a fire or explosion. Therefore, it is important to maintain a safe distance of 100 feet to mitigate any potential hazards.

Curing type sealant consists of two parts: base and accelerator. The base provides the main structure and properties of the sealant, while the accelerator is added to speed up the curing process. The combination of these two components ensures that the sealant hardens and forms a strong bond effectively.

A foot-pound is a unit of torque, which is the measure of the turning force of an object. To convert inch-pounds to foot-pounds, divide the inch-pounds by 12. In this case, 120 inch-pounds divided by 12 equals 10 foot-pounds. Therefore, 120 inch-pounds of force on a breakaway-type torque wrench produces 10 foot-pounds of torque.

A large fillet is defined as being greater than a half inch.

The initial shelf life of the sealant material has expired, indicating that it has been stored for a certain period of time. However, the sealant has been tested and found to be serviceable, meaning that it is still in good condition and can be used. Therefore, the shelf life may now be updated for a further period of time. The correct answer is 3 months, which suggests that the sealant can be stored and used for an additional 3 months after the initial expiration.

The correct answer is Components. Components do not subject the exterior of the fuel cell to damage. Handling, shipping, and removal can potentially cause damage to the exterior of the fuel cell if not done properly. However, components refer to the internal parts of the fuel cell and do not directly impact the exterior.

It is important to never attempt to fold, unfold, or flex a bladder cell if the cell temperature is below 65F. This is because at lower temperatures, the bladder cell becomes more brittle and prone to damage. Folding, unfolding, or flexing the cell in such conditions can cause it to crack or break, rendering it unusable. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure that the cell temperature is above 65F before attempting any manipulation.

The maximum length of time you should allow a self-sealing fuel cell to remain collapsed is 1 hour.

The correct answer is Entry Authority. The Entry Authority is responsible for designating the Alternate Entry Authority for a fuel shop. This individual has the authority to grant or deny entry to personnel into a specific area or facility. They ensure that safety protocols are followed and that only authorized personnel have access to the fuel shop. The Ground Safety personnel, Maintenance Group commander, and Maintenance superintendent may have other responsibilities within the organization but they do not have the specific role of designating the Alternate Entry Authority for a fuel shop.

A stud is used when a standard-type bolt is impractical because it is a threaded rod that does not have a head like a bolt. It is inserted into a hole and secured with a nut on the other end, making it a suitable choice when a bolt head would not fit or when a more secure fastening method is required.

On the emergency response plan, both the authorized attendant and the runner/equipment monitor must be identified as being authorized to attempt the initial removal of incapacitated entrants. This means that either of these individuals can take action to remove entrants who are unable to evacuate themselves in case of an emergency.

Corner repairs are best performed at depot or contractor facilities because they require specialized equipment and expertise. These repairs involve fixing damage to the corners of a cell, which can be complex and require precise techniques. Depot or contractor facilities are equipped with the necessary tools and experienced personnel to ensure that corner repairs are done correctly and effectively. This ensures the longevity and reliability of the cell.

A self-locking nut should not be installed for connecting sections of a movable joint. This is because a movable joint requires the ability to move freely, and a self-locking nut would prevent this movement. Self-locking nuts are designed to resist loosening due to vibrations or other forces, but in the case of a movable joint, it is necessary for the sections to be able to move relative to each other. Therefore, a regular nut should be used for connecting sections of a movable joint instead of a self-locking nut.

A buffing stone should be used on the fuel cell pneumatic buffer to buff bladder cells and flanges. A buffing stone is a type of attachment that is specifically designed for smoothing and polishing surfaces. It is commonly used in automotive and aerospace industries to remove imperfections and create a smooth finish. In this case, using a buffing stone on the fuel cell pneumatic buffer would ensure that bladder cells and flanges are properly buffed and prepared for use.

A cross-sectional illustration of the structure should be drawn to aid in locating a seal plane. This type of illustration shows a cutaway view of the structure, allowing for a clear understanding of the seal's position in relation to the other components. It provides a visual representation of the internal structure and helps in identifying the exact location of the seal plane.

When using a pneumatic powered blower, the maximum pressure on the pressure gauge should be 34 pounds per square inch (psi). This means that the pressure should not exceed 34 psi to ensure safe and efficient operation of the blower. Any pressure higher than this could potentially damage the blower or cause other safety hazards.

Maintenance stands used specifically for fuel systems maintenance should be equipped with static discharge plates. These plates are essential for safely discharging any static electricity that may build up during the maintenance process. This is important because fuel systems can be highly flammable, and any static discharge could potentially ignite the fuel and cause a fire or explosion. By having static discharge plates, the stand provides a grounded path for the static electricity to safely dissipate, reducing the risk of accidents.

The correct answer is 1 ½ inches in diameter. This is the appropriate size for the inside patch required to repair a hole in a bladder cell. A patch that is too small may not effectively cover the hole and prevent leakage, while a patch that is too large may be difficult to properly secure and may cause further damage to the bladder cell. Therefore, a patch with a diameter of 1 ½ inches is the best option for repairing the hole.

Ribs are the structural components that form the end boundaries of an integral tank. Ribs are typically curved or angled pieces that provide support and strength to the structure. They are often placed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tank and help maintain its shape and prevent deformation. Spars, stringers, and stiffeners are also structural components, but they do not specifically form the end boundaries of an integral tank.

When performing the task of depuddling, the most appropriate tool to use for removing fuel is an absorbent cloth. This is because an absorbent cloth is designed to soak up liquids, making it an effective tool for removing fuel spills. A sump pump is typically used for removing water from flooded areas, while a wet-or-dry vacuum and a Venturi air mover are not specifically designed for absorbing liquids like fuel. Therefore, the absorbent cloth is the correct choice for this task.

The correct answer is "Leak detection powder, pressure test, and gas detection." These three methods are used to locate a fuel leak exit point on an integral tank. Leak detection powder is used to identify the exact location of the leak by applying it to the suspected area and looking for any signs of fuel leakage. Pressure test is conducted to check the integrity of the tank and to identify any leaks under pressure. Gas detection is used to detect any presence of fuel vapors in the surrounding area, indicating a possible leak.

Repair of loose patches is the best cell repair performed at the field level because loose patches are easier to fix compared to other types of damages. Loose patches are areas where the fabric of the cell has become detached or loose, and they can be repaired by reattaching or reinforcing the affected area. This type of repair can be done quickly and efficiently in the field, allowing the cell to be put back into service without the need for extensive repairs or replacement.

The appropriate step in this situation is to repair the leak to no leakage or condition 1 or 2. This means that the leak should be fixed completely, ensuring that there is no further leakage or any potential for it to worsen. This is the most effective and safe solution to address the issue.

Stainless steel is used in high-pressure systems such as the landing gear system because it has excellent resistance to corrosion and can withstand high pressures and temperatures. It is also strong and durable, making it suitable for use in demanding environments. Copper, titanium alloy, and aluminum alloy may not have the same level of strength and resistance to corrosion as stainless steel, making them less suitable for high-pressure systems.

The correct answer is H-1. The question is asking for the heater that is not explosion proof and should be kept outside the repair area. Since the other options (RCD, MC-1, HDU-13/M) are not mentioned as explosion proof or requiring to be kept outside the repair area, H-1 is the only option left.

The correct answer is "Each time the air supply system is used." This means that whenever the air supply system of the fuel cell/tank servicing cart is being utilized, a safety guard must be stationed. This is likely because the air supply system may pose certain risks or hazards that require the presence of a safety guard to ensure the safety of personnel and the proper functioning of the equipment.

The curing temperature for the heating element used in the vulcanizing repair method is 290 ± 10°F. This means that the temperature should be maintained at 290°F, with a tolerance of plus or minus 10 degrees. This range allows for slight variations in temperature while still ensuring that the curing process is effective.

To remove a repair done with Hardman epoxy, the best tools to use are a plastic scraper and needle-nose pliers. Plastic scraper is preferred over aluminum scraper to avoid scratching or damaging the surface. Needle-nose pliers can provide a good grip and help in removing the epoxy effectively. The other options of using a heat gun and steel scraper or a chisel and rubber mallet are not suitable for removing epoxy as they may cause damage to the surface or require excessive force.

The correct answer is "Plug." A plug is a type of access door that opens into the fuel tank and provides a tighter seal compared to other types. This tight seal helps to prevent any fuel leakage or contamination.

Hair or lint between an o-ring and its groove can result in a fuel cell fitting leak because it can prevent the o-ring from forming a proper seal. The presence of hair or lint can create gaps or uneven surfaces, allowing fuel to escape from the fitting. This can lead to fuel leakage and potential safety hazards. It is important to ensure that the o-ring and its groove are clean and free from any debris before installation to prevent leaks.

An air compressor operating outside the fuel systems repair area does not require grounding or bonding because it is not directly involved in the fuel systems repair or handling flammable materials. Grounding and bonding are necessary for equipment that has the potential to generate static electricity or spark, which could ignite flammable substances. Since the air compressor is not in proximity to fuel systems or flammable materials, it does not pose a risk of ignition and therefore does not need to be grounded or bonded.

A loose interconnect fitting in a fuel cell can result in a fast and severe type of fuel cell leak. The interconnect fitting is responsible for connecting different components of the fuel cell together, and if it is loose, it can cause fuel to leak out rapidly. This can lead to a loss of fuel and potential damage to the fuel cell system. A pinhole, delamination, or loose cell fitting bolt may also cause leaks, but they are not likely to result in a fast and severe leak like a loose interconnect fitting would.

The hollow bolt dye injector method should be used to isolate a leak source in an integral tank when the double cup assembly was unsuccessful. This suggests that the double cup assembly is the primary method used to detect and isolate leaks in integral tanks, but if it fails to identify the source of the leak, the hollow bolt dye injector method can be used as an alternative.

The minimum safe distance between an aircraft using full powered radar and the fuel system repair area is 300 feet. This distance is necessary to ensure that the radar's electromagnetic radiation does not interfere with the fuel system repair operations, which could potentially cause a safety hazard. By maintaining a distance of 300 feet, the aircraft and repair area can operate without any risk of interference or damage.

Cells up to 1000 gallons can be pressurized up to ½ pounds per square inch (psi).