1.
What are the four main vital signs?
Correct Answer
B. BP, Respiration, Temp, Pulse
Explanation
The four main vital signs are blood pressure (BP), respiration rate, temperature, and pulse rate. These measurements provide important information about a person's overall health and help healthcare professionals assess their condition. Blood pressure indicates the force exerted by blood against the walls of arteries, while respiration rate measures the number of breaths taken per minute. Temperature reflects the body's internal balance, and pulse rate indicates the heart's beats per minute. Together, these vital signs offer valuable insights into a person's cardiovascular and respiratory health, as well as their body's overall functioning.
2.
Pulse is considered to be the fifth vital sign.
Correct Answer
B. False
Explanation
Pulse is not considered to be the fifth vital sign. The four vital signs are body temperature, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and heart rate. Pulse is a component of heart rate and is measured by counting the number of times the heart beats per minute. While pulse is an important indicator of overall health, it is not classified as a separate vital sign.
3.
Select all that apply for body temperature.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Reflects the balance between the heat produced and the heat lost in the body.
D. Core temp remains relatively constant.
Explanation
Body temperature reflects the balance between the heat produced and the heat lost in the body. It is a measure of the body's ability to regulate its internal temperature. The core temperature remains relatively constant.
4.
What are the factors that affect body heat production? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer(s)
A. Basal metabolism
C. Shivering
D. Thyroxine
Explanation
Basal metabolism refers to the energy expended by the body at rest, which contributes to body heat production. Shivering is a physiological response where muscles contract rapidly to generate heat. Thyroxine is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism and influences body heat production. Radiation is the transfer of heat energy through electromagnetic waves. Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of air or fluid.
5.
The skin has more receptors for cold than warmth.
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
The skin has more receptors for cold than warmth because our body has evolved to prioritize detecting and responding to potential threats such as extreme cold temperatures. Cold receptors, also known as thermoreceptors, are more abundant in the skin to quickly detect and transmit signals to the brain, triggering responses like shivering or seeking warmth. This heightened sensitivity to cold helps ensure our survival by allowing us to take appropriate actions to protect ourselves from potentially dangerous cold environments.
6.
Pyrexia is:
Correct Answer
B. A body temp that is above normal
Explanation
Pyrexia refers to a body temperature that is above normal. This condition is commonly known as fever and is often a sign of an underlying infection or inflammation in the body. When the body detects these abnormalities, it raises its temperature to help fight off the invading pathogens or aid in the healing process. Therefore, pyrexia is characterized by an elevated body temperature rather than being within the normal range or below normal.
7.
During an intermittent fever,
Correct Answer
D. The body temp alternates regular intervals between periods of fever and periods of normal or subnormal temps.
Explanation
During an intermittent fever, the body temperature fluctuates regularly between periods of fever and periods of normal or subnormal temperatures. This means that there are short febrile periods of a few days, followed by periods of normal temperatures lasting to days. Throughout this cycle, the body temperature may fluctuate minimally but always remains above normal.
8.
-
The most accurate and useful method to measure body temperature is
Correct Answer
B. Rectal
Explanation
Rectal temperature measurement is considered the most accurate and reliable method to measure body temperature. This is because the rectal area is close to the core of the body, providing a more accurate reflection of internal body temperature. Additionally, rectal measurements are not affected by external factors such as environmental temperature or sweating, making it a more consistent method. However, it is important to note that rectal measurements may not be suitable for all individuals and situations, and alternative methods like oral, axillary, or temporal measurements may be used depending on the circumstances.
9.
The stages of fever are included in order.
Correct Answer
A. Onset, course, and abatement
Explanation
The stages of fever occur in a specific order, starting with the onset of the fever, followed by the course of the fever where the temperature rises and symptoms may worsen, and finally the abatement stage where the fever begins to subside and symptoms improve. This sequence allows for a gradual progression and eventual resolution of the fever.
10.
- In a tachycardic patient, the heart rate is
Correct Answer
D. 100 bpm and over
Explanation
The correct answer is " bpm and over." Tachycardia refers to a condition where the heart rate is faster than normal. In this case, a tachycardic patient would have a heart rate of beats per minute or more. This can be caused by various factors such as stress, exercise, certain medications, or underlying medical conditions. Monitoring the heart rate is important in identifying and managing tachycardia, as it can lead to symptoms like palpitations, dizziness, shortness of breath, and even more serious complications if left untreated.