Test Your Knowledge On Urinary System Quiz

A.The renal medulla is an inner region of striated-appearing triangles called renal pyramids. D. The renal pelvis is a central cavity where urine formed in the renal cortex and medulla collects.

Juxtaglomerular cells combine with macula densa cells to form the juxtagomerular apparatus in the kidney. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is responsible for regulating blood pressure and kidney function. The macula densa cells detect changes in the concentration of sodium chloride in the filtrate and release signals to the juxtaglomerular cells. The juxtaglomerular cells then release renin, an enzyme that plays a role in regulating blood pressure. Therefore, the correct answer is macula densa.

Oliguria is the correct answer because it refers to a condition where the body produces an abnormally low amount of urine. This can be caused by various factors such as dehydration, kidney problems, or certain medications. Pyuria refers to the presence of pus in the urine, enuresis is involuntary urination, and diuresis is the increased production of urine. None of these match the definition of a poor output of urine.

The middle layer of the urinary bladder is known as the submucous coat. This layer is located between the innermost mucous coat and the outer muscular coat of the bladder. It consists of connective tissue and blood vessels, providing support and nourishment to the bladder wall. The submucous coat helps to maintain the structure and function of the urinary bladder.

The sequence of proper kidney blood flow starts with the renal artery and ends with the renal vein. The blood flows from the renal artery into the arciform artery, then into the afferent arteriole, and finally into the arciform vein. The interlobar vein is not part of this sequence as it is a vein that carries blood from the arciform vein to the renal vein, which is the finishing point of the blood flow.

The micturition reflex center is located in the sacral plexus. The sacral plexus is a network of nerves located in the lower back, specifically in the sacrum region. It is responsible for controlling the muscles involved in the process of urination. When the bladder is full, sensory signals are sent to the micturition reflex center in the sacral plexus, which then initiates the contraction of the bladder muscles and relaxation of the urinary sphincter muscles, allowing urine to be expelled from the body.

The ascending loop of Henle in the kidney is responsible for the active re-absorption of chloride ions. This process helps to maintain the concentration gradient in the kidney, allowing for the re-absorption of water in the collecting ducts. This is an important function in regulating the body's water and electrolyte balance.