Trivia Questions Quiz On DNA Function And Structure!
Below is a Trivia Questions Quiz on DNA Function and Structure! The primary function of DNA in the body is the storage of information, and it helps in the formation of proteins that are developed into cells that perform specific tasks in the living organism. Take up this quiz and get to see how much more you can learn about DNA.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Long form of DNA is –
- A.
Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
- B.
Dioxyribose Nucleic Acid
- C.
Dimeric Nucleic Acid
- D.
Double stranded Nucleic Acid
Correct Answer
A. Deoxyribose Nucleic AcidExplanation
The correct answer is Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid. DNA is the genetic material that carries the instructions for the development, functioning, and reproduction of all living organisms. It is composed of two strands of nucleotides, which are made up of a sugar molecule called deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. Therefore, the long form of DNA is Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid. The other options (Dioxyribose Nucleic Acid, Dimeric Nucleic Acid, and Double stranded Nucleic Acid) are incorrect and do not accurately describe the structure of DNA.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Functional unit of gene is –
- A.
Recon
- B.
Intron
- C.
Muton
- D.
Cistron
Correct Answer
D. CistronExplanation
A cistron is the functional unit of a gene. It refers to a specific DNA sequence that codes for a single polypeptide chain or a functional RNA molecule. This means that the cistron contains all the necessary information to produce a specific protein or RNA molecule. It is the basic unit of genetic information that determines the characteristics and functions of an organism.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Gene is a segment of ________ molecule.
Correct Answer
DNAExplanation
A gene is a segment of DNA molecule. DNA is the genetic material that carries the instructions for the development, functioning, and reproduction of all living organisms. Genes are specific sequences of DNA that contain the information needed to produce proteins, which are the building blocks of cells and perform various functions in the body. Therefore, DNA is the correct answer as it accurately describes the relationship between genes and the molecule they are a part of.Rate this question:
- 4.
The term ‘Gene’ was coined by
- A.
Gregor Mendel
- B.
W. Johannsen
- C.
Francis Crick
- D.
James Watson
Correct Answer
B. W. JohannsenExplanation
W. Johannsen is the correct answer because he was the one who coined the term "gene" in 1909. He used this term to describe the hereditary units that are responsible for the transmission of traits from one generation to another. Gregor Mendel is known as the father of modern genetics, but he did not use the term "gene" in his work. Francis Crick and James Watson are famous for discovering the structure of DNA, but they did not coin the term "gene".Rate this question:
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- 5.
Fundamental unit of mutation in gene is –
- A.
Recon
- B.
Intron
- C.
Cistron
- D.
Muton
Correct Answer
D. MutonExplanation
The fundamental unit of mutation in a gene is called a muton. A muton refers to the smallest unit of genetic material that can undergo a mutation. Mutations can occur at the level of a single nucleotide base pair or involve larger segments of DNA. The term "muton" is used to describe the specific unit that is affected by a mutation, allowing scientists to study and understand the genetic changes that occur in an organism.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Fundamental unit of recombination in gene is –
- A.
Cistron
- B.
Recon
- C.
Intron
- D.
Muton
Correct Answer
B. ReconExplanation
The correct answer is Recon. A recon refers to the fundamental unit of recombination in a gene. Recombination is the process by which genetic material is rearranged, resulting in new combinations of genes. In this context, a recon represents a specific segment of DNA that undergoes recombination. The other options listed, such as cistron, intron, and muton, are not specifically related to the fundamental unit of recombination in a gene.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Father of Genetics is
- A.
Gregor Mendel
- B.
James Watson
- C.
Francis Crick
- D.
W. Johannsen
Correct Answer
A. Gregor MendelExplanation
Gregor Mendel is known as the father of genetics because he conducted groundbreaking experiments with pea plants in the 19th century. Through his meticulous observations and analysis, Mendel discovered the fundamental principles of inheritance, including the laws of segregation and independent assortment. His work laid the foundation for modern genetics and revolutionized our understanding of how traits are passed from one generation to the next. Mendel's discoveries were not widely recognized during his lifetime, but his work was later rediscovered and became the cornerstone of the science of genetics.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Fundamental unit of Coding in gene is –
- A.
Cistron
- B.
Muton
- C.
Codon
- D.
Recon
Correct Answer
C. CodonExplanation
A codon is the fundamental unit of coding in a gene. It is a sequence of three nucleotides in DNA or RNA that codes for a specific amino acid or serves as a start or stop signal for protein synthesis. Each codon corresponds to a particular amino acid, allowing the genetic code to be translated into the correct sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis. Therefore, codons play a crucial role in determining the structure and function of proteins.Rate this question:
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- 9.
DNA is made up of 3 things – 1. Pentose Sugar 2. Phosphate and 3. ____
- A.
Purine/Pyramidine Base
- B.
Oxygen
- C.
Hydrogen
- D.
RNA
Correct Answer
A. Purine/Pyramidine BaseExplanation
DNA is made up of three things: pentose sugar, phosphate, and purine/pyrimidine base. Purine and pyrimidine bases are the nitrogenous bases that form the building blocks of DNA. These bases include adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. They pair up with each other through hydrogen bonding to form the rungs of the DNA double helix structure. Therefore, the correct answer is purine/pyrimidine base.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Semi conservative model of DNA was given in 1953 by
- A.
W. Johannsen
- B.
James Watson andFrancis Crick
- C.
None
- D.
Gregor Mendel
Correct Answer
B. James Watson andFrancis CrickExplanation
The correct answer is James Watson and Francis Crick. In 1953, Watson and Crick proposed the semi-conservative model of DNA replication. This model suggests that during DNA replication, each strand of the original DNA molecule serves as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand. This results in two daughter DNA molecules, each consisting of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand. This model was a significant breakthrough in understanding the structure and replication of DNA.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Who had given the double helical model of DNA?
- A.
Griffiths
- B.
Watson & Crick
- C.
Gregor Mendel
- D.
Meselson& Stahl
Correct Answer
B. Watson & CrickExplanation
Watson and Crick are credited with proposing the double helical model of DNA in 1953. Their model, based on the work of Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins, demonstrated that DNA consists of two strands that are twisted together in a helical structure. This model provided a crucial understanding of how genetic information is stored and transmitted in living organisms. Their discovery was a landmark in the field of molecular biology and laid the foundation for further research and advancements in genetics.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which one of the following bases is not found in DNA?
- A.
Uracil
- B.
Thymine
- C.
Adenine
- D.
Guanine
Correct Answer
A. UracilExplanation
Uracil is not found in DNA. DNA is composed of four nucleotide bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). Uracil (U) is only found in RNA, where it replaces thymine. Therefore, uracil is the correct answer as it is not a base found in DNA.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What is the role of DNA in human body?
- A.
Respiration
- B.
Photosynthesis
- C.
Circulation
- D.
Genetic material
Correct Answer
D. Genetic materialExplanation
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the genetic material that carries the instructions for the development, functioning, and reproduction of all living organisms. In the human body, DNA is present in every cell and plays a crucial role in determining an individual's traits, such as eye color, hair color, and height. It contains the genetic code that determines the sequence of amino acids in proteins, which are essential for the structure and function of cells. DNA also enables the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next through the process of reproduction.Rate this question:
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- 14.
DNA is chiefly found in
- A.
Mitochondria
- B.
None of these
- C.
Chloroplast
- D.
Nucleolus
Correct Answer
B. None of these -
- 15.
Nucleic acid are long-chain polymers of
- A.
Nucleotides
- B.
D b. Nucleoside Nucleoside
- C.
None
- D.
Phosphoric acid
Correct Answer
A. NucleotidesExplanation
Nucleic acids are long-chain polymers made up of nucleotides. Nucleotides consist of a nitrogenous base, a sugar molecule, and a phosphate group. This structure allows nucleotides to join together through phosphodiester bonds, forming the backbone of nucleic acids. Nucleosides, on the other hand, do not have a phosphate group and therefore cannot form the same polymer structure as nucleotides. Therefore, the correct answer is nucleotides.Rate this question:
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- 16.
According to Watson & Crick’s Model, DNA is
- A.
Mono helical
- B.
Penta helical
- C.
Double helical
- D.
Octa helical
Correct Answer
C. Double helicalExplanation
According to Watson & Crick's model, DNA is double helical. This means that the structure of DNA consists of two strands that are twisted around each other in a spiral shape. The double helical structure allows for DNA replication and the accurate transmission of genetic information during cell division. This model was proposed by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953 and has since been widely accepted as the fundamental structure of DNA.Rate this question:
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- 17.
In DNA the two polynucleotide chains run in
- A.
Same direction
- B.
Opposite direction
- C.
Horizontal direction
- D.
All of these
Correct Answer
B. Opposite directionExplanation
In DNA, the two polynucleotide chains run in opposite directions. This is known as antiparallel orientation, where one chain runs in the 5' to 3' direction and the other runs in the 3' to 5' direction. This arrangement is crucial for DNA replication and transcription processes, as it allows for the complementary base pairing between the two strands.Rate this question:
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- 18.
In DNA the bases of two complementary polynucleotide chains are joined together by-
- A.
S- bond
- B.
None of these
- C.
N- bond
- D.
H- bond
Correct Answer
D. H- bondExplanation
The bases of two complementary polynucleotide chains in DNA are joined together by hydrogen bonds. Hydrogen bonds are weak chemical bonds that form between the nitrogenous bases of the two DNA strands. These bonds play a crucial role in maintaining the structure and stability of the DNA double helix.Rate this question:
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- 19.
In a DNA molecule, the distance between axis and sugar-phosphate region is about –
- A.
10 A0
- B.
34A0
- C.
20 A0
- D.
3.4A0
Correct Answer
A. 10 A0Explanation
The correct answer is 10 A0. In a DNA molecule, the distance between the axis (center) and the sugar-phosphate region is approximately 10 A0. This measurement refers to the distance between the backbone of the DNA molecule (composed of sugar and phosphate molecules) and the central axis that runs through the middle of the double helix structure. This distance is important for understanding the overall structure and stability of the DNA molecule.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which of the following attachment is not correct?
- A.
T=A
- B.
C=G
- C.
G≡C
- D.
A=T
Correct Answer
B. C=GExplanation
The given answer states that "C=G" is not a correct attachment. In DNA, the base pairs are formed by specific combinations: A with T and C with G. Therefore, the attachment "C=G" is incorrect because it does not follow the established pairing rule.Rate this question:
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Dec 12, 2012Quiz Created by
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