TEMPATURE REGULATION-physiology

2.

Core temperature is elevated during fever and exercise. What distinguishes the rise in core temperature during fever from that during exercise?

Increased basal metabolic rate
Reduced sweat formation
Non-shivering thermogenesis
Reduced skin blood flow
Increased thermal setpoint

Correct Answer

A. Increased thermal setpoint

Explanation

During fever, the rise in core temperature is due to an increased thermal setpoint. This means that the body's internal thermostat is set to a higher temperature, leading to an elevation in core temperature. On the other hand, during exercise, the rise in core temperature is primarily caused by increased metabolic activity and heat production. In this case, the body's thermal setpoint remains unchanged. Therefore, the key difference between the rise in core temperature during fever and exercise is the mechanism behind it - an increased thermal setpoint in fever and increased metabolic activity in exercise.

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3.

A surgical sympathectomy has completely interrupted the sympathetic nerves to a patient’s arm. How would you expect the thermoregulatory skin blood flow and sweating responses in that arm to be affected? Vasoconstriction Vasodilation Sweat in the cold in the heat formation

Abolished…………………Intact………………….Intact
Abolished…………………Intact……………….…Abolished
Abolished…………………Abolished………….. Intact
Abolished………………..Abolished……………Abolished

Correct Answer

A. Abolished………………..Abolished……………Abolished

Explanation

The correct answer suggests that the thermoregulatory skin blood flow and sweating responses in the arm would be abolished. This is because the sympathetic nerves play a crucial role in regulating these responses. Without the sympathetic nerves, the blood vessels in the skin would not constrict or dilate appropriately in response to temperature changes, leading to a loss of thermoregulatory control. Similarly, the absence of sympathetic innervation would prevent the activation of sweat glands, resulting in a loss of sweating response.

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4.

The gain or loss of heat as infrared energy between two objects that are not in physical contact with each other is called what?

Conduction
Convection
Radiation
Evaporation

Correct Answer

A. Radiation

Explanation

Radiation refers to the transfer of heat energy through electromagnetic waves, such as infrared radiation, without the need for direct physical contact between objects. This process occurs when objects with different temperatures emit and absorb electromagnetic waves, causing a gain or loss of heat energy. Unlike conduction and convection, which require direct contact or movement of particles, radiation can occur through empty space and is responsible for the heat transfer from the Sun to the Earth.

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5.

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the regulation of body temperature?

In a temperate climate under normal conditions, the greatest loss of body heat occurs through radiation
During water immersion, heat is mainly lost via radiation
The thalamus is the centre for integrating thermal information
As the skin possesses thermoreceptors, its temperature is regulated more closely than the core temperature

Correct Answer

A. In a temperate climate under normal conditions, the greatest loss of body heat occurs through radiation

Explanation

In a temperate climate under normal conditions, the greatest loss of body heat occurs through radiation. This means that in moderate weather conditions, the body primarily loses heat through the process of radiation, where heat is emitted from the body to the surrounding environment. Other methods of heat loss, such as conduction, convection, and evaporation, may also contribute to regulating body temperature, but radiation is the most significant factor in temperate climates.

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6.

Which of the following is TRUE regarding sweating and heat loss?

Heat loss through sweating is controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system
The efficacy of sweating as a mechanism of heat loss is increased in tropical rain forest
Profuse sweating can lead to heat exhaustion
Common sweat is secreted by the apocrine glands

Correct Answer

A. Profuse sweating can lead to heat exhaustion

Explanation

Profuse sweating can lead to heat exhaustion because when we sweat excessively, our body loses a significant amount of water and electrolytes. This can lead to dehydration and imbalances in the body's temperature regulation. Heat exhaustion occurs when the body is unable to cool itself properly, resulting in symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness, nausea, and rapid heartbeat. Therefore, it is important to replenish fluids and electrolytes when sweating profusely to prevent heat exhaustion.

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7.

Pathogens that produce fever cause which of the following?

Decreased production of interleukin-1 (IL-1)
Decreased set-point temperature in the hypothalamus
Shivering
Vasodilation of blood vessels in the skin

Correct Answer

A. Shivering

Explanation

When pathogens produce fever, the body responds by increasing the set-point temperature in the hypothalamus, which leads to shivering. Shivering is a physiological response that generates heat by contracting and relaxing the muscles rapidly, helping to increase body temperature. This is a mechanism employed by the body to combat the infection and create an environment that is less favorable for the growth and replication of the pathogens.

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Tempature Regulation-physiology

Acclimatization to a hot environment includes the following change in sweat?

Quiz Preview

Core temperature is elevated during fever and exercise. What distinguishes the rise in core temperature during fever from that during exercise?

A surgical sympathectomy has completely interrupted the sympathetic nerves to a patient’s arm. How would you expect the thermoregulatory skin blood flow and sweating responses in that arm to be affected? Vasoconstriction Vasodilation Sweat in the cold in the heat formation

The gain or loss of heat as infrared energy between two objects that are not in physical contact with each other is called what?

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the regulation of body temperature?

Which of the following is TRUE regarding sweating and heat loss?

Pathogens that produce fever cause which of the following?