Systemic Pharm - Final Material

30 Questions | By Mchllmijares | Updated: Mar 20, 2022 | Attempts: 66

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Questions and Answers

1.

Which statement is not true?
- A.
  
  When prescribing anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications dosing adjustments may be needed in patients with compromised renal function, and dose determination is often based on patient weight as well as indication.
- B.
  
  Anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications are commonly prescribed after joint replacement surgeries
- C.
  
  Low molecular weight heparins are used for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis, but are contraindicated in patients with unstable angina or non-Q-wave myocardial infarction.
- D.
  
  Anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications are usually administered subcutaneously
- E.
  
  Enoxaparin/Lovenox is an example of an anticoagulant
2.

Which of the following statements is not true?
- A.
  
  Aspirin/NSAIDs and Clopidogrel/Plavix may cause GI ulceration, bleeding and stomach upset.
- B.
  
  Ocular side effects are uncommon in Clopidogrel/Plavix, while reports of blurred vision occur with some NSAIDs
- C.
  
  NSAIDs and arthritic doses of ASA can decrease the effects of antihypertensive medications
- D.
  
  Aspirin reduces the risk of AMI, stroke and TIAs
- E.
  
  Clopidogrel/Plavix is used for the reduction of thrombotic events after recent AMI, or recent stroke. It can also be used to treat peripheral arterial disease, unstable angina and non-Q wave MI
3.

Which of the following drugs is the standard of care in the treatment of Hyperlipidemia?
- A.
  
  Calcium channel antagonist
- B.
  
  HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
- C.
  
  ACE-Inhibitors
- D.
  
  Serotonin Receptor Agonists "Triptans"
4.

Which of the following drugs must be used with caution if used in conjunction with statins?
- A.
  
  Ezetimibe/Zetia
- B.
  
  Fenofibrate/Tricor
- C.
  
  Niacin/Nicotinic acids
- D.
  
  Gemfibrozil/Lopid
- E.
  
  All of the above medications must be used with caution in conjunction with statins
5.

Your patient Nancy Nut has come into your office for her yearly exam. During the case history she mentions that she's been experiencing headaches, flushing and she's been having difficulty controlling her diabetes. She tells you that at her doctor's appointment 3 months ago they told her she had hyperlipidemia. She lost her insurance and couldn't fill the prescription written for her. She decided to go to Trader Joe's and buy some pills she read about on the Mayo clinic. She says that she takes double the amount recommended because she thought it would fix her condition twice as fast. What drug did she buy and is dosing inappropriately?
- A.
  
  Furosemide/Lasix
- B.
  
  Niacin/Nicotinic acid
- C.
  
  Hydrochlorothiazide/HydroDiuril
- D.
  
  Warfarin/Coumadin
- E.
  
  Montelukast/Singulair
6.

Although Adverse drug reactions include headache, flushing, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, peripheral edema, dizziness, N/V and blurred vision this drug is still the drug of choide for acute angina. Extended release preparations and patches of this drug may be used for angina prophylaxis. The IV form may be used for unstable angina, heart failure, AMI. However hypotensive effects are increased when taken with other medications that lower blood pressure. What is this drug?
- A.
  
  Digoxin/Lanoxin
- B.
  
  Nitroglycerin
- C.
  
  Hydrocodone/Vicodin
- D.
  
  Celecoxib/Celebrex
- E.
  
  Cyclobenzaprine/Flexeril
7.

Which of the following drugs is does not cause any ocular side effects?
- A.
  
  Clopidogrel/Plavix
- B.
  
  Tiotropium/Spiriva
- C.
  
  Metformin/Glucophage
- D.
  
  Systemic corticosteroids/prednisone/methylprednisolone
- E.
  
  Phenytoin/Dilantin
8.

Which statement is not true?
- A.
  
  Ocular anti-inflammatory agents carry an increased risk of infection, cataracts, corneal/scleral perforation, and glaucoma. Therefore when prescribing these medications you should always monitor IOPs and gradually taper when discontinuing.
- B.
  
  Systemic sedating antihistamines are contraindicated in narrow angle glaucoma, BPH, some patients with peptic ulcer disease and in patients with bladder obstructions
- C.
  
  It is estimated that 2-10% of patients who are allergic to Fluoroquinolones will also be allergic to Sulfonamides due to structure similarities. Reactions may range from rash to anaphylaxis.
- D.
  
  Overuse of antihistamines/anti-allergy preparations for the eye can cause rebound dilation of blood vessels. You should recommend to your patients that they avoid using while wearing soft contact lenses. Recommend that the patient wait 10minutes after use to insert their contact lenses
- E.
  
  Taking frequent or routin doses of aspirin or NSAIDs can blunt or lower the effect of antihypertensive medication therapy in individuals with high blood pressure
9.

Which of the following statements is not true?
- A.
  
  Acetylsalicyclic acid(ASA/Aspirin) and Acetaminophen (APAP/Tylenol)are examples of non-opiate analgesic medications
- B.
  
  Acetaminophen(APAP/Tylenol) relieves mild to moderate pain, reduces fever, reduces inflammation, and reduces blood clotting.
- C.
  
  Acetaminophen is metabolized hepatically and therefore the total cumulative doses administered must be monitored. If metabolic pathways become saturated by exceeding recommended doses, life-threatening hepatotoxicity can occur.
10.

Which of the following drugs is the drug of choice for anticonvulsants in an emergency. This drug is used for status epilepticus, anxiety, insomia, seizures, sedation, and can also be used as a muscle relaxant. ADEs include CNS depression, respiratory depresion. Vague visual disturbances have been reported.
- A.
  
  Levodopa/Carbidopa
- B.
  
  Benzodiazepine
- C.
  
  Phenothiazines
- D.
  
  Metoclopramide/Reglan
11.

Histamine -1 receptors : stimulation of H1 receptors results in _______ ( bronchodilation or bronchoconstriction)
12.

Which of the following statements regarding antihistamines are not true?
- A.
  
  Histamine is stored in, and released from mast cells, basophils, and CNS neurons
- B.
  
  Physiologic effects of histamine include vasodilation, localized reddening, edema and flare, increased heart rate and contractility.
- C.
  
  First generation drugs include Meclizine/bonine, diphenhydramine/Bendryl and chlorpheniramine/Chlor-Trimeton
- D.
  
  H2 receptor antagonists/H2 blockers are used to prevent/treat allergic reactions, prevent /treat motion sickness. However they are no longer used to treat insomnia or as adjunct therapy for parkinson's disease.
13.

Which receptor is located in the bronchi and in the liver and upon stimulation results in coronary and peripheral vasodilation and bronchodilation.
- A.
  
  Beta-1 receptor
- B.
  
  Beta-2 receptor
- C.
  
  Alpha-1 receptor
- D.
  
  Alpha-2 receptor
14.

Which receptor is located in the myocardial tissue and in the cardiac conduction system. Stimulation of this receptor results in increased cardiac contractility and heart rate.
- A.
  
  Beta-1 receptor
- B.
  
  Beta-2 receptor
- C.
  
  Alpha-1 receptor
- D.
  
  Alpha-2 receptor
15.

Lidocaine/Xylocaine is used to treat what condition?
- A.
  
  Musculoskeletal pain
- B.
  
  Ventricular arrhythmias
- C.
  
  ADD and narcolepsy
- D.
  
  Parkinson's disease
16.

Which of the following drugs can be used as an alternative to morphine? There maybe more than one option listed below.
- A.
  
  Oxycodone/Oxycontin
- B.
  
  Codeine
- C.
  
  Hydrocodone
- D.
  
  Hydromorphone
17.

Fentanyl is an analgesic drug that is considered more potent than morphine. It is commonly used as preoperative/anesthetic agents. It is also used in the treatment of severe pain management.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
18.

This drug is a centrally acting muscle relaxant. ADEs include several CNS, GI and cardiac ADEs. Ocular side effects include glaucoma, optic neuritis and blurred vision. This drug can be used to treat spasticity related to MS and spinal cord injuries. What drug is this?
- A.
  
  Gabapentin/Neurontin
- B.
  
  Chlorpheniramine/Chlor-Trimeton
- C.
  
  Tizanidine/Zanaflex
- D.
  
  Selegiline/Eldepryl
19.

Systemic sedating antihistamines are contraindicated in narrow angle glaucoma, BPH, some patients with peptic ulcer disease and in patients with bladder obstruction.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
20.

Which of the following is a physiologic effect of histamine being released into the system
- A.
  
  Vasoconstriction
- B.
  
  Localized reddening, edema and flare
- C.
  
  Bronchodilation
- D.
  
  Decreased heart rate and contractility
21.

Select the false statement regarding H2 Receptor Antagonists/H2 Blockers
- A.
  
  H2 Blockers are used in the prevention and treatment of peptic ulder disease (PUD), and the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
- B.
  
  Examples of H2 Blockers include famotidine/Pepcid and Ranitidine/Zantac
- C.
  
  Stimulation of H2 receptors will decrease gastric acid secretion and decrease vasodilation
- D.
  
  H2 blockers typically increase gastric acid secretion and increase vasodilation
22.

This drug is the drug of choice for the treatment of anemia of chronic renal failure, and reduction of blood transfusions in surgical patients. This drug may exacerbate hypertension, thrombotic events, MI, pulmonary embolism, stroke, edema and HA.
- A.
  
  Epoetin/Procrit
- B.
  
  Glimepiride/Amaryl
- C.
  
  Pilocarpine/Salagen
- D.
  
  Olanzapine/Zyprexa
23.

Antipsychotic agents often have ADEs. Which of the following is not an ADE?
- A.
  
  Altered blood glucose levels
- B.
  
  Hypotension
- C.
  
  Weight gain
- D.
  
  Sedation and anticholinergic effects
- E.
  
  All of the abover are possible ADEs
24.

Drugs for affective Disorders are used to treat typical and atypical depression as well as bipolar disorder. The goal is to identify medications that will decrease the symptoms without causing significant ADEs or undesirable long-term effects.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
25.

This medication is used for the Tx of agitation in acute bipolar mania, schizophrenia, and psychotic disorders. Ocular side effects include amblyopia, conjunctivitis, glaucoma, eye hemorrhage.
- A.
  
  Haloperidol/Haldol
- B.
  
  Olanzapine/Zyprexa
- C.
  
  Ranitidine/Zantac
- D.
  
  Esomeprazole/Nexium