When prescribing anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications dosing adjustments may be needed in patients with compromised renal function, and dose determination is often based on patient weight as well as indication.
Anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications are commonly prescribed after joint replacement surgeries
Low molecular weight heparins are used for the prevention of deep vein thrombosis, but are contraindicated in patients with unstable angina or non-Q-wave myocardial infarction.
Anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications are usually administered subcutaneously
Enoxaparin/Lovenox is an example of an anticoagulant
Aspirin/NSAIDs and Clopidogrel/Plavix may cause GI ulceration, bleeding and stomach upset.
Ocular side effects are uncommon in Clopidogrel/Plavix, while reports of blurred vision occur with some NSAIDs
NSAIDs and arthritic doses of ASA can decrease the effects of antihypertensive medications
Aspirin reduces the risk of AMI, stroke and TIAs
Clopidogrel/Plavix is used for the reduction of thrombotic events after recent AMI, or recent stroke. It can also be used to treat peripheral arterial disease, unstable angina and non-Q wave MI
Calcium channel antagonist
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
ACE-Inhibitors
Serotonin Receptor Agonists "Triptans"
Ezetimibe/Zetia
Fenofibrate/Tricor
Niacin/Nicotinic acids
Gemfibrozil/Lopid
All of the above medications must be used with caution in conjunction with statins
Furosemide/Lasix
Niacin/Nicotinic acid
Hydrochlorothiazide/HydroDiuril
Warfarin/Coumadin
Montelukast/Singulair
Digoxin/Lanoxin
Nitroglycerin
Hydrocodone/Vicodin
Celecoxib/Celebrex
Cyclobenzaprine/Flexeril
Clopidogrel/Plavix
Tiotropium/Spiriva
Metformin/Glucophage
Systemic corticosteroids/prednisone/methylprednisolone
Phenytoin/Dilantin
Ocular anti-inflammatory agents carry an increased risk of infection, cataracts, corneal/scleral perforation, and glaucoma. Therefore when prescribing these medications you should always monitor IOPs and gradually taper when discontinuing.
Systemic sedating antihistamines are contraindicated in narrow angle glaucoma, BPH, some patients with peptic ulcer disease and in patients with bladder obstructions
It is estimated that 2-10% of patients who are allergic to Fluoroquinolones will also be allergic to Sulfonamides due to structure similarities. Reactions may range from rash to anaphylaxis.
Overuse of antihistamines/anti-allergy preparations for the eye can cause rebound dilation of blood vessels. You should recommend to your patients that they avoid using while wearing soft contact lenses. Recommend that the patient wait 10minutes after use to insert their contact lenses
Taking frequent or routin doses of aspirin or NSAIDs can blunt or lower the effect of antihypertensive medication therapy in individuals with high blood pressure
Acetylsalicyclic acid(ASA/Aspirin) and Acetaminophen (APAP/Tylenol)are examples of non-opiate analgesic medications
Acetaminophen(APAP/Tylenol) relieves mild to moderate pain, reduces fever, reduces inflammation, and reduces blood clotting.
Acetaminophen is metabolized hepatically and therefore the total cumulative doses administered must be monitored. If metabolic pathways become saturated by exceeding recommended doses, life-threatening hepatotoxicity can occur.
Levodopa/Carbidopa
Benzodiazepine
Phenothiazines
Metoclopramide/Reglan
Histamine is stored in, and released from mast cells, basophils, and CNS neurons
Physiologic effects of histamine include vasodilation, localized reddening, edema and flare, increased heart rate and contractility.
First generation drugs include Meclizine/bonine, diphenhydramine/Bendryl and chlorpheniramine/Chlor-Trimeton
H2 receptor antagonists/H2 blockers are used to prevent/treat allergic reactions, prevent /treat motion sickness. However they are no longer used to treat insomnia or as adjunct therapy for parkinson's disease.
Beta-1 receptor
Beta-2 receptor
Alpha-1 receptor
Alpha-2 receptor
Beta-1 receptor
Beta-2 receptor
Alpha-1 receptor
Alpha-2 receptor
Musculoskeletal pain
Ventricular arrhythmias
ADD and narcolepsy
Parkinson's disease
Oxycodone/Oxycontin
Codeine
Hydrocodone
Hydromorphone
True
False
Gabapentin/Neurontin
Chlorpheniramine/Chlor-Trimeton
Tizanidine/Zanaflex
Selegiline/Eldepryl
True
False
Vasoconstriction
Localized reddening, edema and flare
Bronchodilation
Decreased heart rate and contractility
H2 Blockers are used in the prevention and treatment of peptic ulder disease (PUD), and the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Examples of H2 Blockers include famotidine/Pepcid and Ranitidine/Zantac
Stimulation of H2 receptors will decrease gastric acid secretion and decrease vasodilation
H2 blockers typically increase gastric acid secretion and increase vasodilation
Epoetin/Procrit
Glimepiride/Amaryl
Pilocarpine/Salagen
Olanzapine/Zyprexa
Altered blood glucose levels
Hypotension
Weight gain
Sedation and anticholinergic effects
All of the abover are possible ADEs
True
False
Haloperidol/Haldol
Olanzapine/Zyprexa
Ranitidine/Zantac
Esomeprazole/Nexium
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