Surgical Technology Examination Appleton & Lang 1-12
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14. Tissue death is called
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Necrosis
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Necatoriasis
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Nematodiasis
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Neoteny
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This quiz titled 'Surgical Technology Examination Appleton & Lang 1-12' assesses knowledge on surgical terminology and procedures. It covers terms like adnexa, medical abbreviations, and anatomical directions, crucial for students or professionals in surgical technology.
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- 2.
51. Another name for the kneecap is
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Patella
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Tibia
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Fibula
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Phalange
Correct Answer
A. PatellaExplanation
The correct answer is patella. The patella is another name for the kneecap, which is a small, flat bone located in front of the knee joint. It acts as a protective cover for the knee joint and helps to increase the leverage of the thigh muscles. The tibia and fibula are bones in the lower leg, while phalange refers to the bones in the fingers and toes.Rate this question:
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- 3.
18. Epistaxis can be defined as
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Gene interaction
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Bleeding from the nose
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Congenital urethral defect
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Extrachromosomal replication
Correct Answer
A. Bleeding from the noseExplanation
greek "a dripping"
staxis hemorrhageRate this question:
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- 4.
39. The lower jawbone is the
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Maxilla
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Mandible
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Mastoid
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Zygoma
Correct Answer
A. MandibleExplanation
The lower jawbone is known as the mandible. It is the largest and strongest bone in the face and is responsible for holding the lower teeth in place. The mandible also plays a crucial role in chewing, speaking, and facial expression. It is connected to the temporal bones of the skull by the temporomandibular joints, allowing for movement of the jaw. The maxilla, mastoid, and zygoma are other bones in the skull, but they are not specifically related to the lower jawbone.Rate this question:
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- 5.
150. Ova are swept into the fallopian tubes by small, fringelike extensions on the distal ends of the tubes called
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Ostium
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Fimbriae
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Oviducts
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Stroma
Correct Answer
A. FimbriaeExplanation
Fimbriae are small, fringelike extensions on the distal ends of the fallopian tubes. They play a crucial role in the reproductive system by sweeping the ova (eggs) into the fallopian tubes after ovulation. This allows for the possibility of fertilization by sperm and subsequent implantation in the uterus. The other options, ostium, oviducts, and stroma, are not directly involved in the movement of ova into the fallopian tubes.Rate this question:
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- 6.
6. Ischemic can be defined as
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A decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a body part or organ
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A sharp posterior bony projection of the pelvis
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A painful sensation
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The transmission of pain impulses to the hip bone
Correct Answer
A. A decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a body part or organExplanation
Ischemic can be defined as a decreased supply of oxygenated blood to a body part or organ. This means that there is a reduction in the amount of oxygen-rich blood reaching a specific area of the body, which can lead to tissue damage and potentially serious health issues. It is important to identify and treat ischemia promptly to prevent further complications.Rate this question:
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- 7.
12. The suffix lysis means
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Removal
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Activation
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Breaking down
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Adding
Correct Answer
A. Breaking downExplanation
The suffix "lysis" is commonly used in medical terminology to indicate the process of breaking down or decomposition. Therefore, the correct answer is "breaking down".Rate this question:
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- 8.
57. oil glands of the skin are called
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Sudoriferous
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Ceruminous
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Sebaceous
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Hypochlorous
Correct Answer
A. SebaceousExplanation
The oil glands of the skin are called sebaceous glands. These glands are responsible for producing sebum, an oily substance that helps to lubricate and protect the skin. Sebum helps to keep the skin moisturized and prevents it from drying out. It also helps to protect the skin from external factors such as bacteria and other harmful substances. Sebaceous glands are found all over the body, except for the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet.Rate this question:
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- 9.
139. the kidneys are positioned
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Intraperitoneally
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Retroperitoneally
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In front of the parietal peritoneum
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In back of the visceral peritoneum
Correct Answer
A. RetroperitoneallyExplanation
retroperitoneally = Situated behind the peritoneum.Rate this question:
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- 10.
149. The small, sensitive structure of the female homologous to the male penis is the
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Hymen
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Clitoris
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Perineum
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Vestibule
Correct Answer
A. ClitorisExplanation
The correct answer is clitoris. The clitoris is a small, sensitive structure in the female reproductive system that is homologous to the male penis. It is located at the top of the vulva and is highly sensitive to sexual stimulation. The clitoris plays a crucial role in sexual pleasure and orgasm in females.Rate this question:
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- 11.
25. the nasal cavity is divided into two portions by the
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Concha
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Septum
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Ethmoid
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Vomer
Correct Answer
A. SeptumExplanation
The nasal cavity is divided into two portions by the septum. The septum is a wall made up of bone and cartilage that separates the left and right sides of the nasal cavity. This division helps to direct the airflow and also provides structural support to the nose.Rate this question:
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- 12.
88. the artery at the back of the knee is the
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Popliteal
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Femoral
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Iliac
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Celiac
Correct Answer
A. PoplitealExplanation
The correct answer is popliteal. The popliteal artery is located at the back of the knee and is responsible for supplying blood to the lower leg and foot. It is a continuation of the femoral artery and is an important vessel for maintaining blood flow and oxygenation to the lower extremities. The femoral artery, iliac artery, and celiac artery are all located in different regions of the body and do not supply blood to the back of the knee.Rate this question:
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- 13.
60. the purpose of the iris is to
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Regulate the amount of light entering the eye
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Protect the iris
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Supply the choroid with nourishment
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Receive images
Correct Answer
A. Regulate the amount of light entering the eyeExplanation
think stargateRate this question:
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- 14.
128. the digestive passageway that begins at the pharynx and terminates in the stomach is the
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Larynx
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Trachea
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Windpipe
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Esophagus
Correct Answer
A. EsophagusExplanation
The correct answer is esophagus. The esophagus is the digestive passageway that starts at the pharynx and ends in the stomach. It is responsible for transporting food from the mouth to the stomach through peristalsis, a series of muscular contractions. The larynx, trachea, and windpipe are all part of the respiratory system and are not involved in the digestion process.Rate this question:
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- 15.
138. the smooth, triangular area at the bottom of the bladder that contains three openings is called the
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Internal sphincter
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Urinary meatus
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Trigone
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External os
Correct Answer
A. TrigoneExplanation
The smooth, triangular area at the bottom of the bladder that contains three openings is called the trigone. The trigone is an anatomical structure in the bladder that is formed by two ureteral openings and one urethral opening. It helps in the prevention of urine reflux and provides a stable base for the bladder to contract and empty efficiently. The internal sphincter is a circular muscle that helps control the flow of urine from the bladder, the urinary meatus is the external opening of the urethra, and the external os is the opening of the cervix into the vagina.Rate this question:
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- 16.
154. the loose skin covering the glans penis like a sheath is called the
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Crura
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Prepuce
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Bulb
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Tunica albuginea
Correct Answer
A. PrepuceExplanation
The loose skin covering the glans penis like a sheath is called the prepuce. The prepuce is also commonly known as the foreskin. It is a retractable fold of skin that covers and protects the sensitive glans penis. The prepuce can be surgically removed in a procedure called circumcision, or it can naturally retract during sexual arousal or hygiene practices.Rate this question:
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- 17.
2. A drop is denoted by the abbreviation
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Gt
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G
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Cc
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ML
Correct Answer
A. GtExplanation
Latin "gutta"Rate this question:
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- 18.
44. The number of pairs of ribs is
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12
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10
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8
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7
Correct Answer
A. 12Explanation
1-7 true ribs
8-12 false ribs
11 & 12 floating ribsRate this question:
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- 19.
81. The highly specialized blood cell whose function is oxygen transportation is
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Red blood cell
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White blood cell
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Blood plasma
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Fibrinogen
Correct Answer
A. Red blood cellExplanation
The correct answer is red blood cell. Red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes, are highly specialized blood cells that contain a protein called hemoglobin, which binds to oxygen and carries it throughout the body. Their main function is to transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and organs, and to carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs for removal. White blood cells are involved in the immune response and defense against infections, while blood plasma is the liquid component of blood that carries nutrients, hormones, and waste products. Fibrinogen is a protein involved in blood clotting.Rate this question:
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- 20.
131. the function of the molar teeth is to
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Tear and crush food
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Crush and grind food
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Cut food
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Manipulate food
Correct Answer
A. Crush and grind foodExplanation
The molar teeth are responsible for crushing and grinding food. They have a flat surface with ridges called cusps, which help in breaking down food into smaller pieces. This process aids in digestion by increasing the surface area of the food, making it easier for enzymes to break it down further. Molar teeth play a crucial role in the mechanical digestion of food before it is swallowed and further processed in the digestive system.Rate this question:
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- 21.
148. the perineum is
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A thin tissue stretching across the vagina
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The region anterior to the clitoris
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The lower portion of the uterus
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The area between the vagina and the anus
Correct Answer
A. The area between the vagina and the anusExplanation
The perineum is the area between the vagina and the anus. It is a small, diamond-shaped region of skin and tissue that provides support to the pelvic organs. It is an important area in terms of childbirth and sexual function.Rate this question:
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- 22.
151. the inner lining of the uterus is called the
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Endometrium
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Serosa
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Myometrium
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Oocyte
Correct Answer
A. EndometriumExplanation
The correct answer is endometrium. The endometrium refers to the inner lining of the uterus. It is a mucous membrane that undergoes changes throughout the menstrual cycle in preparation for implantation of a fertilized egg. The endometrium is shed during menstruation if pregnancy does not occur. The other options, serosa, myometrium, and oocyte, do not refer to the inner lining of the uterus.Rate this question:
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- 23.
9. False is indicated by the prefix
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Non
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Meso
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Pseudo
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Exo
Correct Answer
A. PseudoExplanation
The correct answer is "pseudo" because the prefix "pseudo" is commonly used to indicate something that is false or not genuine. For example, words like pseudoscience or pseudonym imply that something is not based on real scientific evidence or that a name is not the person's real name. Therefore, in this context, "pseudo" is the best choice to indicate false.Rate this question:
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- 24.
56. the epiphyses are the
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Ends of long bones
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Shafts of long bones
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Bone-forming cells
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Marrow-filled cavities within bone
Correct Answer
A. Ends of long bonesExplanation
The epiphyses are the ends of long bones. This means that they are the parts of the bone that are furthest away from the center or shaft of the bone. The epiphyses play an important role in bone growth and development, as they contain growth plates that allow for the lengthening of the bone during childhood and adolescence. Additionally, the epiphyses are covered in a layer of cartilage called articular cartilage, which helps to cushion the joints and allow for smooth movement.Rate this question:
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- 25.
84. platelets are essential for
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Coagulation of blood
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Controlling of infection
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Carrying oxygen
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Combating histamine effect
Correct Answer
A. Coagulation of bloodExplanation
Platelets are essential for the coagulation of blood. When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets rush to the site and form a plug to stop bleeding. They also release chemicals that attract more platelets and help in the formation of a clot. This clotting process prevents excessive bleeding and promotes wound healing. Without platelets, the blood would not be able to clot properly, leading to prolonged bleeding and increased risk of hemorrhage.Rate this question:
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- 26.
146. urine empties from the bladder through a tube called the
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Urethra
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Urinary meatus
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Urethral meatus
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External urethral sphincter
Correct Answer
A. UrethraExplanation
The correct answer is urethra. The urethra is a tube that connects the bladder to the external opening of the body, allowing urine to be eliminated from the body. It serves as a passageway for urine to flow out of the bladder during urination. The urinary meatus and urethral meatus refer to the external opening of the urethra, while the external urethral sphincter is a muscle that helps control the release of urine from the bladder.Rate this question:
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- 27.
53. the longest bone in the body is the
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Femur
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Fibula
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Tibia
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Humerus
Correct Answer
A. FemurExplanation
The femur is the longest bone in the body. It is located in the thigh and extends from the hip to the knee. The femur is responsible for supporting the body's weight and facilitating movement. Its length and strength make it the largest and strongest bone in the human body. The fibula and tibia are also leg bones, but they are shorter than the femur. The humerus, on the other hand, is located in the arm and is not as long as the femur.Rate this question:
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- 28.
115. The primary function of the gallbladder is
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Storage of bile
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Production of bile
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Digestion of fats
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Drainage of the liver
Correct Answer
A. Storage of bileExplanation
The gallbladder's primary function is to store bile, which is produced by the liver. Bile is a substance that helps in the digestion of fats by breaking them down into smaller molecules. The gallbladder releases bile into the small intestine when needed, such as after a meal that contains fats. This stored bile aids in the emulsification and absorption of fats during the digestive process.Rate this question:
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- 29.
133. The salivary glands located under the tongue are the
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Subungual
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Sublingual
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Submaxillary
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Parotid
Correct Answer
A. SublingualExplanation
Sublingual: Underneath the tongueRate this question:
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- 30.
145. a lack of voluntary control over micturition is called
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Retention
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Urination
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Incontinence
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Suppression
Correct Answer
A. IncontinenceExplanation
Micturition: Urination, the act of urinating. The word "micturition" comes from the Latin "micturire" which has a slightly different meaning, namely "to want to urinate."Rate this question:
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- 31.
4. Proximal is a term that indicates a point
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Nearer to the body
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Farther away from the body
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In the center of the body
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Toward the head
Correct Answer
A. Nearer to the bodyExplanation
The term "proximal" is used in anatomy to describe a location that is closer to the body or the point of attachment. It is the opposite of "distal," which refers to a location that is farther away from the body or point of attachment. Therefore, the correct answer is "nearer to the body."Rate this question:
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- 32.
103. Tiny blood vessels that permeate and nourish tissue are called
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Veins
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Venules
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Arterioles
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Capillaries
Correct Answer
A. CapillariesExplanation
Capillaries are tiny blood vessels that permeate and nourish tissue. They are responsible for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and surrounding tissues. Capillaries have thin walls, allowing for easy diffusion of substances. Veins carry blood back to the heart, venules are small veins, and arterioles are small arteries that carry blood away from the heart. However, capillaries specifically refer to the smallest blood vessels that play a crucial role in the circulatory system.Rate this question:
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- 33.
114. the appendix is attached to the
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Ascending colon
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Transverse colon
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Cecum
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Descending colon
Correct Answer
A. CecumExplanation
The appendix is attached to the cecum. The cecum is the pouch-like structure that marks the beginning of the large intestine. The appendix is a small, finger-like projection that extends from the cecum. It is a vestigial organ, meaning it has no known significant function in humans. However, it can sometimes become inflamed or infected, leading to a condition called appendicitis, which may require surgical removal of the appendix.Rate this question:
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- 34.
120. the yellow tinge in the skin symptomatic of obstructive jaundice is caused by the accumulation of what substance in the blood and tissue?
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Cholesterol
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Bile salts
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Enzymes
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Bilirubin
Correct Answer
A. BilirubinExplanation
The yellow tinge in the skin symptomatic of obstructive jaundice is caused by the accumulation of bilirubin in the blood and tissue. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment that is produced when red blood cells are broken down. In obstructive jaundice, the flow of bile from the liver to the intestines is blocked, leading to an accumulation of bilirubin in the body. This excess bilirubin then causes the yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes that is characteristic of jaundice.Rate this question:
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- 35.
8. Nulli is a prefix that means
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Many
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Few
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One
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None
Correct Answer
A. NoneExplanation
The prefix "nulli" is derived from the Latin word "nullus," which means "none" or "not any." Therefore, the correct answer is "none." This prefix is commonly used in words like "nullify" (to make something void or invalid) or "nullity" (the state of being legally void or invalid).Rate this question:
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- 36.
20. a ganglion is a
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Chemical substance secreted by the ova
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Necrotic death of tissue
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Missing segment
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Collection of nerve endings
Correct Answer
A. Collection of nerve endingsExplanation
knot or knot like mass of nerve endingsRate this question:
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- 37.
35. the sternocleidomastoid muscle is located
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Along the side of the neck
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Above and near the ear
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Under the tongue
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In the back of the neck
Correct Answer
A. Along the side of the neckExplanation
praying muscleRate this question:
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- 38.
43. the bone in the axial skeleton that does not articulate with any other bones is the
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Sternum
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Trochlea
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Talus
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Hyoid
Correct Answer
A. HyoidExplanation
Think tongue, breaks from strangulation.Rate this question:
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- 39.
45. a slender, rodlike bone that is located at the base of the neck and runs horizontally is the
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Scapula
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Shoulder blade
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Clavicle
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Sternum
Correct Answer
A. ClavicleExplanation
The clavicle, also known as the collarbone, is a slender, rodlike bone that is located at the base of the neck and runs horizontally. It connects the sternum (breastbone) to the scapula (shoulder blade) and helps to stabilize the shoulder joint.Rate this question:
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- 40.
55. an infection of the bone is
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Osteoarthritis
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Osteomyelitis
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Osteoporosis
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Osteomalacia
Correct Answer
A. OsteomyelitisExplanation
Osteomyelitis is the correct answer because it refers to an infection of the bone. It is a serious condition that can be caused by bacteria or fungi entering the bone through the bloodstream, open fractures, or surgical procedures. Osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and osteomalacia are different conditions that do not involve an infection of the bone.Rate this question:
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- 41.
62. the nerve that carries visual impulses to the brain is the
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Ophthalmic nerve
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Optic nerve
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Oculomotor nerve
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Trochlear nerve
Correct Answer
A. Optic nerveExplanation
The optic nerve is responsible for carrying visual impulses from the retina to the brain. It is a sensory nerve that transmits information about light and images to the visual cortex in the brain, allowing us to see. The ophthalmic nerve, oculomotor nerve, and trochlear nerve are all involved in eye movement and control, but they do not specifically carry visual impulses to the brain like the optic nerve does.Rate this question:
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- 42.
100. the branch of the external iliac artery that is located in the thigh is called the
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Tibial artery
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Femoral artery
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Popliteal artery
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Celiac artery
Correct Answer
A. Femoral arteryExplanation
The femoral artery is the correct answer because it is the branch of the external iliac artery that is located in the thigh. The tibial artery is located in the lower leg, the popliteal artery is located behind the knee, and the celiac artery is located in the abdomen. Therefore, the femoral artery is the most appropriate option.Rate this question:
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- 43.
48. a large opening at the base of the skull through which the spinal cord passes is the
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Ossicle
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Hypoglossal canal
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Foramen oval
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Foramen magnum
Correct Answer
A. Foramen magnumExplanation
The foramen magnum is a large opening at the base of the skull through which the spinal cord passes. It is located in the occipital bone and allows for the connection between the brain and the spinal cord. This opening is crucial for the transmission of nerves and blood vessels between the brain and the rest of the body. The other options, such as ossicle, hypoglossal canal, and foramen oval, do not accurately describe the large opening at the base of the skull.Rate this question:
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- 44.
3. The abbreviation ung refers to
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Tincture
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Ointment
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As directed
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Spirits
Correct Answer
A. OintmentExplanation
The abbreviation "ung" is commonly used in medical contexts and stands for "ointment." Ointments are semisolid preparations that are applied topically to the skin for various purposes, such as treating skin conditions, providing moisture, or delivering medication. The use of abbreviations in medical terminology helps to simplify and standardize communication among healthcare professionals.Rate this question:
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- 45.
5. Adduction means
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Movement away from the median plane
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Movement toward the median plane
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Movement superiorally
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Movement inferiorally
Correct Answer
A. Movement toward the median planeExplanation
Adduction refers to the movement of a body part towards the midline or median plane of the body. This movement brings the body part closer to the center of the body or towards the midline. It is the opposite of abduction, which is the movement away from the midline or median plane.Rate this question:
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- 46.
74. the outermost covering of the brain and the spinal cord is the
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Pia mater
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Dura mater
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Arachnoid
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Choroid
Correct Answer
A. Dura materExplanation
The dura mater is the correct answer because it is the tough, outermost layer that covers and protects both the brain and the spinal cord. It is made up of dense fibrous tissue and acts as a barrier against external forces that could potentially damage the delicate nervous tissue underneath. The pia mater is the innermost layer, the arachnoid is the middle layer, and the choroid is not a covering of the brain or spinal cord, making them incorrect options.Rate this question:
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- 47.
28. the thick, fan shaped muscle that lies on the anterior chest is the
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Latissimus dorsi
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Serratus anterior
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Pectoralis major
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Teres major
Correct Answer
A. Pectoralis majorExplanation
The correct answer is pectoralis major. The pectoralis major is a thick, fan-shaped muscle that is located on the anterior (front) side of the chest. It is responsible for movements of the shoulder joint, such as flexion, adduction, and medial rotation. This muscle is commonly referred to as the "pecs" and is well-developed in individuals who engage in upper body strength training exercises.Rate this question:
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- 48.
32. The gastrocnemius is the chief muscle of the
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Calf of the leg
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Stomach
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Stomach's greater curvature
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Thigh
Correct Answer
A. Calf of the legExplanation
The gastrocnemius is indeed the chief muscle of the calf of the leg. It is a large muscle located at the back of the lower leg and plays a major role in movements such as walking, running, and jumping. It is responsible for the flexion of the foot and extension of the leg at the knee joint. The other options, stomach, stomach's greater curvature, and thigh, are not correct as they do not accurately describe the location or function of the gastrocnemius muscle.Rate this question:
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- 49.
94. Why would an aspirated foreign body be more likely to enter the right bronchus rather than the left bronchus?
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The right bronchus is more vertical, shorter, and wider than the left
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The division of the right bronchus is wider
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The right bronchus is longer
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The left bronchus is not in line with the trachea
Correct Answer
A. The right bronchus is more vertical, shorter, and wider than the leftExplanation
The right bronchus is more likely to be the site of entry for an aspirated foreign body because it is more vertical, shorter, and wider than the left bronchus. This makes it easier for the foreign body to pass into the right bronchus compared to the left bronchus. Additionally, the division of the right bronchus is wider, providing a larger opening for the foreign body to enter. The left bronchus, on the other hand, is not in line with the trachea, making it less likely for a foreign body to enter.Rate this question:
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