Scientific Revolution/Enlightenment Chapter Test Practice
Fans of history and science alike will know that the Scientific Revolution was a series of events which marked the emergence of modern science, a period of time in which subjects like mathematics, physics, astronomy, chemistry, and biology were all beginning to be explored, simultaneously transforming the way we look society and the nature of our world. What do you know about it? Take the following quiz and we’ll find out together!
- 1.The idea that man is born equal with natural rights and that it's the government's job to protect those rights are prominent in the Declaration of Independence. That document was based MOST on the ideas of which of the following?
- A.
Montesquieu
- B.
Bacon
- C.
Darwin
- D.
Machiavelli
- E.
Locke
- 2.Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in
- A.
Supporting the divine right theory
- B.
Changing the relationship between people and their government
- C.
Debating the role of the church in society
- D.
Promoting increased power for European monarch
- 3.John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau would be most likely to support
- A.
A return to feudalism in Europe
- B.
A government ruled by a divine right monarchy
- C.
A society ruled by the Catholic Church
- D.
A society in which the people chose the ruler
- 4.During the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment, one similarity in the work of many scientists and philosophers was that they
- A.
Relied heavily on the ideas of medieval thinkers
- B.
Favored an absolute monarchy as a way of improving economic conditions
- C.
Received support from the Catholic Church
- D.
Examined natural laws governing the universe
- 5.The French word ___________ meant “philosopher”, or “enlightened thinker.”
- 6.Rousseau argued that through a __________, an entire society agrees to be governed by its general will.
- 7.________________ criticized the use of the death penalty, calling it hypocritical and cruel.
- 8.______________ was known for the creation of rationalism and his statement “I think, therefore I am.”
- 9.The writers and philosophers of the Enlightenment believed the government decisions should be based on
- A.
Fundamental religious beliefs
- B.
Traditional values
- C.
Laws of nature and reason
- D.
The concept of divine right of kings
- 10.Which of the following is associated with the term “federal system”?
- A.
A constitutional monarchy
- B.
The division of power between national and state governments
- C.
Direct democracy
- D.
An oligarchy
- 11.Which of the following is known for discovering that the orbits of the planets were elliptical, not circular?
- A.
Kepler
- B.
Galileo
- C.
Newton
- D.
Locke
- E.
Vesalius
- 12.The term ______________ means to “let (the people) do (what they want)”, which was a doctrine of Adam Smith.
- 13.The War of ____________ broke out when Prussia invaded the Austrian territory Silesia.
- 14.Which of the following was NOT a major location of conflict during the Seven Years' War?
- A.
India
- B.
Europe
- C.
South America
- D.
North America
- 15.With which of the following statements would Adam Smith most agree?
- A.
The national government should fund public schools.
- B.
The government should stay out of economic issues whenever possible.
- C.
The government should provide unemployment benefits.
- D.
The government should provide tax breaks to cover childcare costs
- 16.____________ spread the ideas of the Enlightenment through the publication of his Encyclopedia.
- 17.With which of the following would an Enlightenment thinker MOST agree?
- A.
The right to rule comes from God
- B.
A strong military government is needed to keep the people in line
- C.
The only important part of a society is its economy
- D.
The right to rule comes from the consent of the people
- 18.How are the Enlightenment and the Renaissance similar?
- A.
Art of both eras are based on Impressionism
- B.
Advanced technology was crucial for both eras
- C.
Both eras relied on the use of the scientific method to discover universal truths
- D.
Both eras encouraged the questioning of tradition and traditional authority
- 19.What was the Seven Years' War called in North America?
- 20.Which of the following was the only absolute despot (monarch) who wholeheartedly embraced the ideas and reforms of the Enlightenment. (The ruler failed by implementing reform to quickly)
- A.
Frederick the Great
- B.
Catherine the Great
- C.
Joseph II
- D.
Maria Teresa
- 21.Which of the following documents was MOST influenced by the ideas of Montesquieu?
- A.
The Bill of Rights
- B.
The Constitution
- C.
The Declaration of Independence
- D.
The Articles of Confederation
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