What Is Occupational Therapy?

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Quizzes Created: 4 | Total Attempts: 2,196

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1/100 Questions

A nine-year-old child identifies the assembly of a model as the most desired play activity. The occupational therapist determines that the child would have difficulty completing the selected model. Which action is most effective for therapist to take during next intervention session?
- Allow the child to work on the model and provide maximum assistance as the child completes the project
- Explore with the child why completing the model is desired by the child and provide alternative project choices
- Break the project down into accomplishable segments and instruct the child to complete one segment at a time
- Explain to the child several reasons why the selected model is not the best choice for the child and provide alternative project choices

About This Quiz

Today, we are placed in positions that most if the times require us to work endlessly to make ends meet. However, most of the times we become vulnerable to illnesses. For this reason occupational therapy is important. Enjoy the quiz.

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2.

A patient is recovering from a right total hip placement (posterolateral incision, cementless fixation). Which is the best type of bed-to-wheelchair transfer for the occupational therapist to teach the patient to use?
- Stand-pivot transfer to surgical side
- Stand-pivot transfer to the non-surgical side
- Lateral side transfer using a transfer board
- Squat-pivot transfer to the surgical side
Correct Answer

A. Stand-pivot transfer to the non-surgical side

Explanation

The best type of bed-to-wheelchair transfer for a patient recovering from a right total hip placement with a posterolateral incision and cementless fixation is a stand-pivot transfer to the non-surgical side. This transfer allows the patient to maintain weight-bearing precautions on the surgical side while using the non-surgical side for support during the transfer. It helps to minimize stress and strain on the surgical hip, promoting proper healing and reducing the risk of complications.

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3.

An occupational therapist works with a survivor of a house fire. The client has burns on both hands that limit thumb mobility. The client identifies a personal goal of being able to pick up and hold cans to enable independent shopping and meal preparation activities. Which movement of the thumb should the goal statement include as desired functional outcome?
- Carpometacarpal (CMC) palmar abduction
- CMC extension
- Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) flexion
- Interphalangeal (IP) flexion
Correct Answer

A. Carpometacarpal (CMC) palmar abduction

Explanation

The goal statement should include Carpometacarpal (CMC) palmar abduction as the desired functional outcome. This movement of the thumb allows the client to pick up and hold cans, which is necessary for independent shopping and meal preparation activities.

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1
4.

An individual with developmental disabilities scores a Level 3 on the Allen Cognitive Level Test. Which activities should the occupational therapist include in the intervention plan to help meet the client’s functional needs?
- Community mobility activities such as taking a bus
- Home management activities such as preparing a food shopping list
- Self-care activities such as brushing teeth
- Leisure activities such as completing a 50-piece puzzle
Correct Answer

A. Self-care activities such as brushing teeth

Explanation

An individual with developmental disabilities who scores a Level 3 on the Allen Cognitive Level Test would benefit from self-care activities such as brushing teeth. This level indicates that the individual has the ability to perform simple self-care tasks with some assistance. By including self-care activities like brushing teeth in the intervention plan, the occupational therapist can help the client develop and maintain their personal hygiene skills, promoting independence and overall well-being.

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5.

A child with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis wears bilateral night resting splints with wrists in 0° of extension, MPs and IPs flexed, ulnar deviation of 10°, and thumbs in opposition. The child complains of pain in the wrists upon awakening. No redness is noted upon removing splints. ROM measurements show ulnar deviation of 5°. Which action should the occupational therapist take in response to this complaint and these observations?
- Modify the splints at wrist
- Pad the ulnar aspect on the inside of the splints
- Discontinue the splints and monitor the status of pain for two weeks
- Construct volar cock-up splints for use during the day
Correct Answer

A. Modify the splints at wrist

Explanation

The child complains of pain in the wrists upon awakening and ROM measurements show a decrease in ulnar deviation. These observations suggest that the current splints may be causing discomfort and may not be providing the necessary support. Therefore, modifying the splints at the wrist would be the appropriate action to take in order to alleviate the pain and ensure proper alignment and support for the child's wrists.

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6.

An occupational therapist observes that an 18-month old child is not able to creep more than a few steps. When child looks up, both hips and knees flex and child ends up W sitting with both arms extended and propped forward. When documenting this observation, which is most accurate for occupational therapist to report child is demonstrating?
- Typical development of locomotion skills
- The influence of symmetrical tonic neck reflex (STNR) resulting in delayed gross motor skills
- An obligatory asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR) resulting in delayed gross motor skills
- An intact tonic labyrinthine reflex which facilitates balance responses
Correct Answer

A. The influence of symmetrical tonic neck reflex (STNR) resulting in delayed gross motor skills

Explanation

The observed behavior of the child, where both hips and knees flex and the child ends up in a W sitting position with both arms extended and propped forward, is indicative of the influence of symmetrical tonic neck reflex (STNR). The STNR is a reflex that emerges during infancy and affects the coordination of the upper and lower body. In this case, the STNR is causing a delay in the child's gross motor skills, specifically in their ability to creep or crawl. This reflex should typically integrate by the age of 12 months, so the observation suggests a delay in development.

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7.

A child with tactile defensiveness is receiving intervention from an occupational therapist using a sensory integrative approach. Which method is most effective for therapist to use when introducing tactile stimuli to the child?
- Provide deep touch and firm pressure when the child can see the stimuli
- Apply the stimuli in the direction opposite of hair growth with vision occluded
- Apply light touch across the face and abdomen with vision occluded
- Provide light brushing across the palmar surfaces of the extremities with child watching
Correct Answer

A. Provide deep touch and firm pressure when the child can see the stimuli

Explanation

Providing deep touch and firm pressure when the child can see the stimuli is the most effective method for introducing tactile stimuli to a child with tactile defensiveness. This approach allows the child to visually anticipate and prepare for the tactile input, reducing anxiety and increasing their ability to tolerate and process the stimuli. Deep touch and firm pressure provide a more calming and organizing effect on the nervous system, helping the child to regulate their sensory responses.

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8.

During a classroom screening, an 8-year-old is observed holding a pencil with tight grip. The student appears to rely heavily on visual cues to assist during both fine and gross motor tasks. During gross motor activities, the student moves in an uncoordinated manner. The occupational therapist uses a sensory integrative frame of reference to interpret evaluation of data. Which impairment should the therapist document as needing further evaluation?
- Vestibular processing dysfunction
- Proprioceptive system dysfunction
- Hyporesponsive tactile system
- Hyperresponsive tactile system
Correct Answer

A. Proprioceptive system dysfunction

Explanation

The correct answer is Proprioceptive system dysfunction. The student's tight grip on the pencil and reliance on visual cues suggest difficulty with proprioception, which is the sense of body position and movement. This can affect both fine motor skills, like holding a pencil, and gross motor skills, leading to uncoordinated movements. The occupational therapist would document this as needing further evaluation to assess the extent of the proprioceptive system dysfunction and develop appropriate interventions.

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9.

A person recovering from skin grafting due to full thickness burns is prescribed splints to immobilize the grafted areas in anti-deformity positions. Which splint-wearing schedule is best to include in splinting protocol for first 72 hours post-surgery?
- One hour on, with 10 minutes off
- Four hours on, with 20 minutes off
- Eight hours on, with 30 minutes off
- On at all times, except for dressing changes
Correct Answer

A. On at all times, except for dressing changes

Explanation

After skin grafting surgery, it is important to keep the grafted areas immobilized in anti-deformity positions to promote proper healing and prevent complications. The best splint-wearing schedule for the first 72 hours post-surgery is to keep the splints on at all times, except for dressing changes. This means that the splints should be worn continuously to provide constant support and protection to the grafted areas, except when they need to be temporarily removed for dressing changes to ensure proper wound care. This schedule allows for consistent immobilization and minimizes the risk of deformities or complications during the initial healing period.

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10.

An individual is recovering from deep partial thickness burns on the upper extremities, chest, and lower neck. The occupational therapist provides equipment to prevent positions that can result in contractures. Which are the most important positions for the therapist to prevent?
- Positions of comfort
- Anti-deformity positions
- Positions resulting in edema
- Positions of pain
Correct Answer

A. Positions of comfort

Explanation

The most important positions for the therapist to prevent are positions of comfort. This is because when an individual is recovering from deep partial thickness burns, they may naturally assume positions that are comfortable for them but can lead to contractures. Contractures are the permanent shortening of muscles and tendons, resulting in limited range of motion. By preventing positions of comfort, the therapist can help maintain and improve the individual's range of motion and prevent the development of contractures.

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11.

A child with attention deficit with hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder attends an after school program that utilizes sensory-integrative and behavioral management approaches to achieve intervention goals. Snacks are provided and occasionally used as rewards. A parent insists that a child not be given any foods containing sugar. Which is the occupational therapist’s best response to this request?
- Discontinue providing sugary snacks but continue their use as rewards in the behavioral management program
- Provide parent with recent research that refutes the link between sugar and problem behaviors
- Discontinue providing sugary snacks for the child to comply with the parent’s request
- Inform the parent that the therapist will discuss the issue with the program’s administrator to determine the best course of action
Correct Answer

A. Discontinue providing sugary snacks for the child to comply with the parent’s request

Explanation

The occupational therapist's best response to the parent's request to not give the child any foods containing sugar is to discontinue providing sugary snacks for the child to comply with the parent's request. This response acknowledges and respects the parent's wishes while also ensuring that the child's dietary restrictions are followed.

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12.

An individual with Parkinson’s disease exhibits difficulty moving from sitting in a chair to standing. Which technique is best for the therapist to recommend the person use to help successfully complete this functional mobility activity?
- Rise from the chair while sitting with buttocks against the back of the chair
- Extend both legs so that both feet are in front of the chair while rising
- Sit at the edge of the chair and rock back and forth before rising
- Rise while weight-bearing on one foot and pushing up with both arms
Correct Answer

A. Sit at the edge of the chair and rock back and forth before rising

Explanation

Rocking back and forth while sitting at the edge of the chair can help the individual with Parkinson's disease to shift their weight and generate momentum before rising. This technique can assist in overcoming the difficulty in initiating movement and provide the necessary momentum to stand up from a seated position.

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13.

During an intervention session, a client complains of dry mouth due to prescribed medications. What is the most effective strategy for the occupational therapist to suggest to the client to manage this side effect?
- Suck on ice
- Suck on hard candies
- Drink iced tea
- Sip water
Correct Answer

A. Sip water

Explanation

Sipping water is the most effective strategy for managing dry mouth caused by prescribed medications. Water helps to hydrate the mouth and stimulate saliva production, providing relief from dryness. Sucking on ice or hard candies may provide temporary relief, but they do not address the underlying issue of dehydration. Drinking iced tea may actually worsen dry mouth due to its diuretic effect. Therefore, sipping water is the best recommendation to manage this side effect.

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14.

An OT administrator is designing a patient satisfaction questionnaire to be administered upon discharge from the OT program. The administrator designs the questionnaire so that the individuals will indicate their level of agreement with a series of statements by circling a number with 1=very dissatisfied, 2=dissatisfied, 3=neutral, 4=satisfied, and 5=very satisfied. Which method of data collection is the administrator using?
- Gutman scale rank ordering
- Likert scale
- Retrospective data
- Semantic differential
Correct Answer

A. Likert scale

Explanation

The administrator is using the Likert scale method of data collection. The Likert scale is a commonly used survey response scale that allows individuals to indicate their level of agreement or disagreement with a series of statements. In this case, the individuals are asked to circle a number from 1 to 5 to indicate their level of satisfaction, with 1 being very dissatisfied and 5 being very satisfied. The Likert scale provides a quantitative measure of attitudes or opinions.

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15.

A fifth grade student is having difficulty self-feeding and frequently spills beverages. The student has non-spastic cerebral palsy resulting in fluctuating muscle tone and poor motor control. Which is best for the occupational therapist to recommend the student use to improve independence in self-feeding and minimize spillage?
- Sippy cup
- Both hands to hold the cup
- Cup with a handle
- Straw
Correct Answer

A. Straw

Explanation

The best option for the occupational therapist to recommend to the student is a straw. This is because the student has poor motor control and fluctuating muscle tone, which makes it difficult for them to hold and control a cup or sippy cup. Using a straw requires less fine motor control and allows the student to drink without the risk of spilling. Additionally, using a straw promotes independence in self-feeding as the student can easily access and control the flow of liquid.

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16.

An older adult recovering from a myocardial infarction is referred to occupational therapy for home care evaluation. The referral states that the client has high blood pressure and medication-related orthostatic hypotension. Which precaution is most important for the occupational therapist to observe with this client?
- Adherence to dietary restrictions during meal preparation activities
- Avoidance of activities that require movement against gravity
- Delay of OT evaluation until client’s medications are stabilized
- Avoidance of activities that require sudden postural changes
Correct Answer

A. Avoidance of activities that require sudden postural changes

Explanation

The client is experiencing orthostatic hypotension, which is a drop in blood pressure upon standing or changing positions. Avoiding activities that require sudden postural changes is important because these movements can further decrease blood pressure and potentially cause dizziness or fainting. By avoiding such activities, the occupational therapist can help prevent any potential falls or injuries that may occur as a result of the client's orthostatic hypotension.

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17.

An adult diagnosed with bipolar disorder has been taking lithium for five years. Prior to a weekly occupational therapy vocational planning group, the client reports noticeable functional changes since the last group session. In describing these changes, the client reports symptoms that may be indicative of a possible lithium overdose. With the client’s permission, the therapist contacts the psychiatrist to describe the client’s concerns. Which symptom would the therapist most likely report as indicative of this problem?
- Reduction in mood swing
- Gross hand tremors
- Decreased velocity of speech
- Fine hand tremors
Correct Answer

A. Gross hand tremors

Explanation

The therapist would most likely report gross hand tremors as indicative of a possible lithium overdose. Hand tremors are a common side effect of lithium and can occur at therapeutic levels but are more likely to be seen at toxic levels. This symptom is important to report to the psychiatrist as it may indicate that the client's lithium levels need to be monitored and adjusted to prevent further complications.

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18.

An individual prepares for discharge home following rehabilitation for a left CVA. Residual difficulties include fair dynamic balance, decreased upper extremity (UE) strength and poor dexterity. The individual’s stated priority is to be able to ambulate safely to the senior center located in the client’s apartment building. Which ambulatory aid would be most effective for the occupational therapist to recommend to this client?
- A hemi-walker
- A rolling walker
- A side-stepper walker
- A standard walker
Correct Answer

A. A rolling walker

Explanation

A rolling walker would be the most effective ambulatory aid to recommend to this client. A rolling walker provides stability and support while allowing the client to move more easily. It would help with the client's fair dynamic balance and decreased upper extremity strength. The rolling walker also offers a larger base of support and may be easier for the client to maneuver compared to a standard walker or a side-stepper walker. This would enable the client to ambulate safely to the senior center located in their apartment building.

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19.

A client with chronic depression and a spouse attend a discharge meeting with the occupational therapist following the client’s six-week hospitalization for a major depressive episode. They state that they have few activities in common and spend little time together. The client retired two months ago and the spouse continues to work full time. Which of the following should the therapist encourage this couple to do first to address this concern?
- Immediately participate in one activity together
- Become involved in their own individualized activities during the day
- Explore activities enjoyed together and alone
- Delay planning activities until the depression is totally resolved
Correct Answer

A. Explore activities enjoyed together and alone

Explanation

The therapist should encourage the couple to explore activities that they can enjoy both together and individually. This will help them to find common interests and also have their own personal hobbies, which can improve their overall relationship and well-being. It is important for them to have a balance between shared activities and individual pursuits, especially considering the client's recent retirement and the spouse's full-time work. Delaying planning activities until the depression is resolved may not be beneficial as engaging in enjoyable activities can actually aid in the recovery process.

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20.

An individual with bilateral proximal weakness identifies a goal of independence in self-feeding. Which equipment is most beneficial for the occupational therapist to recommend for goal attainment?
- Extended long-handled utensils
- Built-up handled utensils
- An electric feeder
- Mobile arm supports
Correct Answer

A. Mobile arm supports

Explanation

Mobile arm supports would be the most beneficial equipment for the occupational therapist to recommend for goal attainment. Bilateral proximal weakness refers to weakness in both arms and shoulders, which can make self-feeding challenging. Mobile arm supports provide external support and stability to the arms, allowing the individual to have better control and movement while self-feeding. This equipment helps to increase independence and improve the individual's ability to feed themselves. Extended long-handled utensils and built-up handled utensils may also be helpful, but they do not provide the same level of support and stability as mobile arm supports. An electric feeder may not be necessary if the individual is able to feed themselves with the use of mobile arm supports.

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21.

An individual with C3 spinal cord injury is participating in a community mobility group at a shopping mall. The client expresses the desire to return to the rehabilitation center due to a pounding headache. The occupational therapist notices the client is sweating profusely. Which is the best initial action for the therapist to take in response to this observation and request?
- Check the client’s urinary catheter and collecting bag
- Call the rehabilitation center’s transportation department to relay the client’s request
- Escort client to outside of mall to cool off in fresh air
- Immediately activate the recline feature of the patient’s tilt-in-space wheelchair
Correct Answer

A. Check the client’s urinary catheter and collecting bag

Explanation

The best initial action for the therapist to take in response to the client's observation and request is to check the client's urinary catheter and collecting bag. This is because the client is sweating profusely, which may indicate autonomic dysreflexia, a potentially life-threatening condition that can occur in individuals with spinal cord injury. Checking the urinary catheter and collecting bag is important as it could be a potential cause of autonomic dysreflexia, such as urinary retention or a blocked catheter. By addressing this issue, the therapist can help alleviate the client's symptoms and prevent further complications.

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22.

An occupational therapist receives a referral to evaluate an individual’s executive functioning following a mild cerebral vascular accident. Which are the most relevant foci for this evaluation?
- Person’s attention and memory
- Person's job interests and efficacy
- Person's spatial relations and praxis
- Person's initiation and planning
Correct Answer

A. Person's initiation and planning

Explanation

The most relevant foci for evaluating an individual's executive functioning following a mild cerebral vascular accident would be their initiation and planning abilities. Executive functioning refers to the cognitive processes involved in goal-directed behavior, and initiation and planning are key components of this. After a cerebral vascular accident, individuals may experience difficulties in initiating tasks and planning their actions. Therefore, evaluating their initiation and planning skills would provide valuable information about their executive functioning abilities.

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23.

A two-year-old child receives home care early intervention services. The occupational therapy intervention plan includes a goal to develop child’s pincer grasp. Which is the most appropriate activity for the occupational therapist to work on with the child during an intervention session?
- Finger-feeding of O-shaped cereal
- Picking up marbles
- Drawing with jumbo crayons
- Stacking one-inch cubes
Correct Answer

A. Finger-feeding of O-shaped cereal

Explanation

The most appropriate activity for the occupational therapist to work on with the child during an intervention session is finger-feeding of O-shaped cereal. This activity specifically targets the development of the child's pincer grasp, which is an important fine motor skill. By picking up and manipulating the small cereal pieces using their thumb and index finger, the child can improve their ability to grasp and manipulate objects using their fingers. This activity also provides sensory input and can help improve hand-eye coordination.

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24.

An occupational therapist is evaluating a child with developmental delay characterized by hypotonicity. According to the Rood approach, which is the first stability pattern that the therapist should facilitate during intervention?
- Roll over
- Quadruped
- Neck co-contraction
- Prone on elbows
Correct Answer

A. Neck co-contraction

Explanation

According to the Rood approach, the first stability pattern that the therapist should facilitate during intervention for a child with developmental delay characterized by hypotonicity is neck co-contraction. This is because neck co-contraction helps to provide stability and control in the upper body, which is important for the child's overall development and functional abilities. By facilitating neck co-contraction, the therapist can help improve the child's postural control and stability, which can then support their progress in other areas of motor development.

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25.

An occupational therapist develops a task group for the newly admitted patients of a psychiatric inpatient unit of a busy city hospital. The therapist considers several activities to use for the group’s first session. Which activity is best for the therapist to present to the group members?
- Planning a weekend pizza party for the patients and their visitors
- Decorating styrofoam cups and planting cuttings in them
- Publishing a weekly newsletter about city attractions for patients on the unit
- Painting large mural to cover one wall of day room
Correct Answer

A. Decorating styrofoam cups and planting cuttings in them

Explanation

Decorating styrofoam cups and planting cuttings in them is the best activity for the therapist to present to the group members. This activity promotes creativity and engagement, as the patients can decorate the cups according to their preferences and then plant cuttings in them. It also provides a sense of responsibility and nurturing, as the patients will need to take care of the plants. Additionally, this activity can be therapeutic and calming, as it allows the patients to focus on a task and connect with nature.

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26.

The parents of a school-aged child with Rett syndrome ask the occupational therapist for activities to do at home to help their child regain lost skills. Which of the following should the therapist include in the home program for the parents to do with their child?
- Encourage the child to use pressure distribution techniques
- Use four-step sequencing cards to increase attention
- Give positive feedback for active ROM performance
- Perform passive ROM to prevent contractures
Correct Answer

A. Perform passive ROM to prevent contractures

Explanation

Performing passive range of motion (ROM) exercises can help prevent contractures in children with Rett syndrome. Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects motor skills and causes a loss of purposeful hand skills. Contractures, or the permanent shortening and tightening of muscles, can occur if the child does not have adequate movement and stretching of their joints. By performing passive ROM exercises, the parents can help maintain joint mobility and prevent contractures from developing. This can ultimately support the child in regaining lost skills and improving their overall function.

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27.

A graduate student with an anxiety disorder reports feeling confused about the future. During the OT evaluation, the client relates decreased feelings of competence for a chosen field of study and overall poor personal causation. Which is the best initial action for the therapist to take in response to the client’s stated concerns?
- Administer a vocational interest inventory
- Provide activities related to the client’s chosen field of study
- Refer the client to the state office of vocational and educational services
- Establish short-term goals with high potential for attainment
Correct Answer

A. Establish short-term goals with high potential for attainment

Explanation

The best initial action for the therapist to take in response to the client's stated concerns is to establish short-term goals with high potential for attainment. This approach would help the client regain a sense of competence and personal causation by setting achievable goals that can provide a sense of accomplishment and direction. It would also address the client's confusion about the future by breaking it down into smaller, manageable steps. Administering a vocational interest inventory or providing activities related to the client's chosen field of study may not directly address the client's feelings of confusion and decreased competence. Referring the client to the state office of vocational and educational services may be a helpful step, but it may not be the best initial action.

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28.

A three-year-old child with left spastic hemiplegia due to cerebral palsy is evaluated for early intervention services. During the evaluation the occupational therapist observes behaviors that seem to indicate the presence of visual deficits. Based on these observations, which action should the occupational therapist take?
- Complete a motor-free visual perceptual assessment
- Complete a developmental vision assessment
- Refer child to an optician
- Refer child to an optometrist
Correct Answer

A. Refer child to an optometrist

Explanation

The occupational therapist should refer the child to an optometrist because the observations indicate the presence of visual deficits. An optometrist is a healthcare professional who specializes in examining the eyes and visual system, and can diagnose and treat visual impairments. Completing a motor-free visual perceptual assessment or a developmental vision assessment may provide additional information, but referring the child to an optometrist would be the appropriate next step in order to address the visual deficits.

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29.

A client with traumatic below-elbow amputation of the dominant right arm has participated in occupational therapy for prosthetic training. The therapist prepares a discharge plan that incorporates recommendations to facilitate independence in meal preparation and feeding. Which method is best for the therapist to recommend the client use to cut meat?
- Hold a regular knife in the terminal device and hold a regular fork in the left hand
- Hold a knife with a built-up handle in the terminal device and hold the plate with the left hand
- Use a one-handed technique with a rocker knife in the left hand and hold the plate with the terminal device
- Hold a regular fork in the terminal device and hold a regular knife in the left hand
Correct Answer

A. Hold a regular fork in the terminal device and hold a regular knife in the left hand

Explanation

The client with a below-elbow amputation of the dominant right arm can best facilitate independence in meal preparation and feeding by holding a regular fork in the terminal device and holding a regular knife in the left hand. This method allows the client to use their non-dominant hand to hold the knife for cutting while using the terminal device to hold and manipulate the fork for eating. Holding a regular fork in the terminal device provides a secure grip, and using a regular knife in the left hand allows for better control and precision in cutting meat.

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30.

A person diagnosed with dementia, Alzheimer type is evaluated by the occupational therapist. Although the client demonstrates diminished memory skills, the therapist determines that the patient is still able to live at home with supportive structure. The therapist collaborates with the client to identify the activities to include in a structured routine that enables the client’s continued occupational performance. Which activity is best for the occupational therapist to recommend to the client?
- Cooking dinner
- Doing laundry
- Walking with a neighbor
- Watching television
Correct Answer

A. Walking with a neighbor

Explanation

Walking with a neighbor is the best activity for the occupational therapist to recommend to the client. This activity promotes social interaction and physical exercise, which can be beneficial for individuals with dementia. It allows the client to engage in a meaningful occupation while also providing an opportunity for social support and connection with others. Additionally, walking can help improve mood and overall well-being.

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31.

A person blinded in an accident begins an occupational therapy program for persons with vision loss. The occupational therapist collaborates with the individual to develop an intervention plan. Which should be included in the plan as an initial focus of intervention?
- Developing the client's computer skills
- Adapting meal preparation techniques
- Exploring vocational interests
- Organizing the client's morning routine
Correct Answer

A. Organizing the client's morning routine

Explanation

The initial focus of intervention should be organizing the client's morning routine. This is important because a person who is newly blinded may struggle with adjusting to their daily activities and routines. By organizing their morning routine, the occupational therapist can help the individual regain a sense of control and independence in their daily life. This can also set a foundation for the client to develop other skills and adapt to their vision loss in other areas of their life.

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32.

An occupational therapist conducts an in-service at an outpatient wheelchair clinic for individuals with central nervous system dysfunction. According to the principles of wheelchair prescription, which of the following statements is accurate for the therapist to make during the presentation?
- Firm seats are needed to provide stability
- Soft seats are needed to prevent decubiti
- Back heights should be extended to facilitate weight shifting
- Seat angles should be 45° to prevent falling forward
Correct Answer

A. Firm seats are needed to provide stability

Explanation

Firm seats are needed to provide stability because they offer better support and prevent individuals from sliding or falling out of the wheelchair. The firmness of the seat helps distribute the weight evenly, ensuring proper balance and stability for the user. This is especially important for individuals with central nervous system dysfunction who may have limited control over their body movements. A firm seat also promotes proper posture and alignment, reducing the risk of developing musculoskeletal issues.

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33.

A client in the descending phase of Guillain-Barré syndrome has bilateral shoulder strength of 2/5. The client fatigues easily. Which equipment should the occupational therapist recommend to enhance the person’s performance of activities of daily living?
- An overhead suspension sling
- Long-handled utensils and tools
- Angled/curved-handled utensils and tools
- An environmental control unit
Correct Answer

A. An overhead suspension sling

Explanation

An overhead suspension sling would be the most appropriate equipment to enhance the person's performance of activities of daily living in this case. Guillain-Barré syndrome can cause weakness and fatigue in the muscles, including the shoulder muscles. An overhead suspension sling can provide support and assistance to the shoulders, allowing the client to perform activities with less effort and fatigue. This can help improve their independence and quality of life. Long-handled utensils and tools, angled/curved-handled utensils and tools, and an environmental control unit may be beneficial for other conditions or limitations, but they would not specifically address the bilateral shoulder weakness and fatigue seen in Guillain-Barré syndrome.

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34.

A ten-year-old with congenital anomalies wears bilateral ankle-foot orthoses. The parents want the child to be able to don and doff shoes independently, but the child cannot tie shoes. Which is the beast footwear recommendation for the therapist to make for the child to wear?
- Leather slip-on loafers
- Slip-on tennis shoes with no laces
- Running shoes with Velcro shoe closures
- Hi-rise sneakers with sliding adapters on the laces
Correct Answer

A. Running shoes with Velcro shoe closures

Explanation

The best footwear recommendation for the therapist to make for the child to wear is running shoes with Velcro shoe closures. This option allows the child to independently don and doff the shoes without needing to tie laces, which the child cannot do. Additionally, running shoes provide good support and stability for the child's feet, which is important considering the child wears bilateral ankle-foot orthoses. Velcro closures make it easier for the child to put on and take off the shoes, promoting independence and convenience.

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35.

An adult is hospitalized in the recovery phase of Guillain Barré Syndrome. The patient complains of tingling, aching and weakness in both hands, causing difficulty in grasping grooming supplies. The patient requests relief from the hand symptoms. Which action should the occupational therapist take to address the patient’s concerns?
- Provide soft tissue to massage to both hands prior to grooming activities
- Apply hot packs to both hands and complete stretching exercises prior to grooming activities
- Refer the client to a neurologist for follow-up of possible condition regression
- Educate the patient about sensory deficits and related adaptive ADL strategies
Correct Answer

A. Educate the patient about sensory deficits and related adaptive ADL strategies

Explanation

In this scenario, the patient is experiencing tingling, aching, and weakness in both hands, which are common symptoms of Guillain Barré Syndrome. These symptoms can make it difficult for the patient to grasp grooming supplies. By educating the patient about sensory deficits and related adaptive activities of daily living (ADL) strategies, the occupational therapist can help the patient understand their condition better and provide them with strategies to manage their symptoms and perform daily tasks more effectively. This approach focuses on empowering the patient to take control of their own care and improve their quality of life.

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36.

In measuring the ROM of a client’s elbow, the occupational therapist records a flexion measurement of 145°. Which is the most accurate for the therapist to document based on this measurement?
- Hypomobility
- Dysfunctional elbow ROM
- Hypermobility
- Normal elbow ROM
Correct Answer

A. Normal elbow ROM

Explanation

Based on the measurement of 145° for flexion of the client's elbow, the most accurate documentation for the therapist would be "Normal elbow ROM." This is because a flexion measurement of 145° falls within the typical range of motion for a healthy elbow joint.

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37.

The parents of an infant born at 32 weeks gestation are about to take the baby home after four weeks in the neonatal intensive care nursery. Which is most important for the occupational therapist to instruct the parents to avoid?
- Placing the infant in the prone position for sleeping
- Placing the infant in the supine position for sleeping
- Using an infant swing with a head support for calming
- Presenting toys in the midline with infant in prone position for playing
Correct Answer

A. Placing the infant in the prone position for sleeping

Explanation

The correct answer is placing the infant in the prone position for sleeping. This is because placing the infant in the prone position increases the risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that infants should be placed on their backs to sleep to reduce the risk of SIDS.

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38.

An elementary school teacher has been recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). Which adaptation is best for the occupational therapist to recommend the teacher use to accommodate for effects of MS on classroom teaching?
- Large print written material to compensate for visual impairments
- Daily list of tasks to compensate for cognitive deficits
- Motorized scooter to compensate for decreased endurance
- High stool to compensate for LE weakness
Correct Answer

A. High stool to compensate for LE weakness

Explanation

The best adaptation for the occupational therapist to recommend the teacher use to accommodate for the effects of MS on classroom teaching is a high stool to compensate for lower extremity (LE) weakness. This would provide support and stability for the teacher while reducing the strain on their legs, allowing them to continue teaching while minimizing the impact of their weakness. Large print written material would be more suitable for visual impairments, a daily list of tasks for cognitive deficits, and a motorized scooter for decreased endurance.

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39.

An individual with a body mass index (BMI) of 35 is joining a community-based wellness program conducted by an occupational therapist. When formulating an individualized wellness plan, which condition should the occupational therapist take into consideration as an increased risk for this person?
- Hypothermia during exertion
- Hyperthermia during exertion
- Rapid weight loss during the initial weeks
- Increased anxiety and depression
Correct Answer

A. Hyperthermia during exertion

Explanation

An individual with a BMI of 35 is considered obese, which puts them at an increased risk of hyperthermia during exertion. Obesity can impair the body's ability to regulate temperature, leading to overheating during physical activity. This can be dangerous and potentially lead to heat-related illnesses such as heat exhaustion or heat stroke. Therefore, the occupational therapist should consider hyperthermia during exertion as an increased risk for this person when formulating their wellness plan.

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40.

A 19-year-old with diagnoses of dysthymic disorder and narcissistic personality disorder attends a vocational rehabilitation program. When the client arrives for the work adjustment group, the therapist notes that the client demonstrates an unsteady gait and slurred speech. The client’s breath smells of alcohol. Which is the best action for the therapist to take in response to these observations?
- Follow program procedures to arrange for transportation to bring client home
- Introduce the topic of alcohol’s effect on work performance as the focus of the scheduled group session
- Have the client meet with social worker to discuss treatment options for potential alcohol abuse
- Contact the client’s parents to pick up the client up to bring the client home
Correct Answer

A. Follow program procedures to arrange for transportation to bring client home

Explanation

The therapist should follow program procedures to arrange for transportation to bring the client home because the client is showing signs of intoxication, such as an unsteady gait, slurred speech, and smelling of alcohol. It is important to ensure the client's safety and well-being by not allowing them to drive or engage in any activities that could put themselves or others at risk.

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41.

Upon screening, an eight-month old child demonstrates a positive downward parachute reflex. Which action should the occupational therapist take next in response to this observed behavior?
- Document that child exhibits normal reflex development
- Document that child exhibits developmental delay
- Evaluate the protective extension downward reflex
- Evaluate the standing tilting reflex
Correct Answer

A. Document that child exhibits normal reflex development

Explanation

The correct answer is to document that the child exhibits normal reflex development. The downward parachute reflex is a protective reflex that typically emerges around 6-9 months of age. It is characterized by the extension of the arms and legs when the child is tilted downward. This reflex is an important milestone in motor development and indicates that the child's central nervous system is developing appropriately. By documenting that the child exhibits normal reflex development, the occupational therapist acknowledges that the child is progressing as expected in their motor development.

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42.

An occupational therapist works with an individual recovering from traumatic brain injury who demonstrates behaviors consistent with Level VII of the Rancho Level of Cognitive Functioning Scale. The client is a resident in a transitional living program. Which is the most important focus for the therapist to include in the client’s intervention plan?
- Provision of high degree of environmental structure to decrease confusion and ensure safety
- Development of strategies to accurately and safely complete IADL with minimal assistance
- Development of adaptive techniques to accurately and safely complete BADL with moderate assistance
- Provision of maximum assistance to accurately and safely complete IADL
Correct Answer

A. Development of strategies to accurately and safely complete IADL with minimal assistance

Explanation

The most important focus for the therapist to include in the client's intervention plan is the development of strategies to accurately and safely complete Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) with minimal assistance. This is because the client is in a transitional living program and is at Level VII of the Rancho Level of Cognitive Functioning Scale, indicating that they have emerging awareness and can carry out complex tasks with some assistance. Developing strategies to complete IADLs with minimal assistance will help the client regain independence and successfully transition back into their daily life activities.

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43.

An individual is evaluated for a repetitive stress disorder. The individual complains of numbness and tingling of the thumb, index, middle, and radial half of the ring finger and aching pain in the proximal forearm. The client states that these symptoms are not evident at night. The occupational therapist notes a positive Tinel’s sign. Which site should be the therapist document as the location of this sign for this client?
- Wrist
- Guyon's canal
- Elbow
- Forearm
Correct Answer

A. Forearm

Explanation

The individual's symptoms of numbness and tingling in the thumb, index, middle, and radial half of the ring finger, along with aching pain in the proximal forearm, suggest the presence of a repetitive stress disorder. The fact that these symptoms are not evident at night further supports this diagnosis. The positive Tinel's sign, which is a tingling sensation felt when tapping over a compressed nerve, indicates nerve compression or irritation. Given the location of the symptoms and the positive Tinel's sign, the therapist should document the forearm as the site of the Tinel's sign for this client.

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44.

A child with developmental delay has mastered the ability to cut simple figure shapes with scissors. Which scissor activity is best for the occupational therapist to next introduce to child?
- Cutting simple geometric figures
- Cutting complex figure shapes
- Cutting multiple scissors
- Cutting additional simple figure shapes
Correct Answer

A. Cutting complex figure shapes

Explanation

The child with developmental delay has already mastered cutting simple figure shapes with scissors. To further challenge and develop their skills, the occupational therapist should introduce cutting complex figure shapes. This will help the child improve their fine motor skills, hand-eye coordination, and problem-solving abilities. By gradually increasing the difficulty level, the therapist can support the child's progress and promote their overall development in scissor skills.

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45.

A home care occupational therapist sees to enhance an elder’s compliance with occupational therapy intervention program. After discussing the goals of the program with the person, which intervention is most effective for the therapist to use?
- Provide individual with limited opportunities for practice of skills to decrease boredom
- Use multiple, variable instructions to ensure retention of new learning
- Integrate previously learned strategies into new activities to facilitate generalization
- Teach family members positive techniques to reinforce activity performance in the home
Correct Answer

A. Integrate previously learned strategies into new activities to facilitate generalization

Explanation

The most effective intervention for the therapist to use is to integrate previously learned strategies into new activities to facilitate generalization. This approach helps the elder to apply the skills they have learned in occupational therapy to different contexts and situations, promoting a more comprehensive and lasting improvement in their daily functioning. By incorporating these strategies into new activities, the therapist can ensure that the elder can transfer their skills and adapt them to various situations, ultimately enhancing their compliance with the intervention program.

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46.

An adult recently diagnosed with scleroderma receives occupational therapy services to deal with the functional changes caused by this disease. Which recommendation is best for the occupational therapist to make to this individual?
- Dress in lightweight clothing for thermal comfort
- Dress in layers for neutral warmth
- Use pull-on clothing to ease donning and doffing
- Use Velcro/or a button hook to ease fastening
Correct Answer

A. Dress in layers for neutral warmth

Explanation

The best recommendation for the occupational therapist to make to an adult recently diagnosed with scleroderma is to dress in layers for neutral warmth. Scleroderma is a disease that affects the skin and connective tissues, causing them to become thick and hard. This can lead to poor circulation and difficulty regulating body temperature. Dressing in layers allows the individual to adjust their clothing to maintain a comfortable body temperature. It also provides insulation and helps to trap heat without causing overheating. This recommendation would help the individual manage the functional changes caused by the disease and maintain thermal comfort.

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47.

A nine-year-old girl with diagnosis of cystic fibrosis is hospitalized in a small rural hospital. Currently, there are no other children in the hospital and the hospital does not have a pediatric play area. The head nurse asks the occupational therapist to suggest appropriate play activities that hospital volunteers can provide for the child. Which is the most age appropriate activity for the therapist to suggest?
- Dressing paper dolls
- Coloring in coloring books
- Playing card games
- Cutting and pasting pictures onto cards
Correct Answer

A. Playing card games

Explanation

Playing card games would be the most age-appropriate activity for the therapist to suggest. Card games can be engaging and entertaining for a nine-year-old girl, providing mental stimulation and social interaction. It can also help improve her cognitive skills, such as memory, concentration, and strategic thinking. Additionally, card games can be easily adapted to accommodate different skill levels and can be played with just one or two players, making it suitable for the current situation where there are no other children in the hospital.

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48.

A person fell and sustained bilateral Colle’s fractures. The client wore bilateral short-arm casts for six weeks. After cast removal, the client began OT sessions to increase endurance and strength prior to returning to work. The client tends to work hard when performing resistive exercises with both wrists. The therapist monitors the client for overextension. Which behavior indicates overextension?
- Decreased respiration rate during resistive wrist flexion
- Increased ability to achieve full ROM of the wrist
- Complaints of pain in the wrist extensors
- Consistent strength in wrist extension activities
Correct Answer

A. Complaints of pain in the wrist extensors

Explanation

Complaints of pain in the wrist extensors indicate overextension. When a person overextends their wrists during resistive exercises, it can put excessive strain on the wrist extensor muscles, leading to pain and discomfort. This suggests that the client may be pushing themselves too hard and potentially causing harm to their wrists. The therapist should closely monitor the client's technique and provide guidance to prevent overextension and ensure a safe and effective exercise session.

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49.

An adult incurred an injury to the anterior spinal artery at the T12 level. The occupational therapist completes a sensory evaluation with this client. Which sensation is most likely for the therapist to document that the individual has retained?
- Proprioception
- Pain
- Light touch
- Temperature
Correct Answer

A. Proprioception

Explanation

Given that the injury is to the anterior spinal artery at the T12 level, it is likely that the individual has retained proprioception. Proprioception refers to the sense of the position and movement of our body parts. The anterior spinal artery supplies blood to the anterior part of the spinal cord, which includes the pathways responsible for proprioception. Therefore, despite the injury, the individual may still have intact proprioceptive sensation.

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What Is Occupational Therapy?

A nine-year-old child identifies the assembly of a model as the most desired play activity. The occupational therapist determines that the child would have difficulty completing the selected model. Which action is most effective for therapist to take during next intervention session?

Quiz Preview

A patient is recovering from a right total hip placement (posterolateral incision, cementless fixation). Which is the best type of bed-to-wheelchair transfer for the occupational therapist to teach the patient to use?

An individual with developmental disabilities scores a Level 3 on the Allen Cognitive Level Test. Which activities should the occupational therapist include in the intervention plan to help meet the client’s functional needs?

A child with tactile defensiveness is receiving intervention from an occupational therapist using a sensory integrative approach. Which method is most effective for therapist to use when introducing tactile stimuli to the child?

A person recovering from skin grafting due to full thickness burns is prescribed splints to immobilize the grafted areas in anti-deformity positions. Which splint-wearing schedule is best to include in splinting protocol for first 72 hours post-surgery?

An individual is recovering from deep partial thickness burns on the upper extremities, chest, and lower neck. The occupational therapist provides equipment to prevent positions that can result in contractures. Which are the most important positions for the therapist to prevent?

An individual with Parkinson’s disease exhibits difficulty moving from sitting in a chair to standing. Which technique is best for the therapist to recommend the person use to help successfully complete this functional mobility activity?

During an intervention session, a client complains of dry mouth due to prescribed medications. What is the most effective strategy for the occupational therapist to suggest to the client to manage this side effect?

An individual with bilateral proximal weakness identifies a goal of independence in self-feeding. Which equipment is most beneficial for the occupational therapist to recommend for goal attainment?

An occupational therapist receives a referral to evaluate an individual’s executive functioning following a mild cerebral vascular accident. Which are the most relevant foci for this evaluation?

A two-year-old child receives home care early intervention services. The occupational therapy intervention plan includes a goal to develop child’s pincer grasp. Which is the most appropriate activity for the occupational therapist to work on with the child during an intervention session?

An occupational therapist is evaluating a child with developmental delay characterized by hypotonicity. According to the Rood approach, which is the first stability pattern that the therapist should facilitate during intervention?

An occupational therapist develops a task group for the newly admitted patients of a psychiatric inpatient unit of a busy city hospital. The therapist considers several activities to use for the group’s first session. Which activity is best for the therapist to present to the group members?

The parents of a school-aged child with Rett syndrome ask the occupational therapist for activities to do at home to help their child regain lost skills. Which of the following should the therapist include in the home program for the parents to do with their child?

A person blinded in an accident begins an occupational therapy program for persons with vision loss. The occupational therapist collaborates with the individual to develop an intervention plan. Which should be included in the plan as an initial focus of intervention?

An occupational therapist conducts an in-service at an outpatient wheelchair clinic for individuals with central nervous system dysfunction. According to the principles of wheelchair prescription, which of the following statements is accurate for the therapist to make during the presentation?

A client in the descending phase of Guillain-Barré syndrome has bilateral shoulder strength of 2/5. The client fatigues easily. Which equipment should the occupational therapist recommend to enhance the person’s performance of activities of daily living?

A ten-year-old with congenital anomalies wears bilateral ankle-foot orthoses. The parents want the child to be able to don and doff shoes independently, but the child cannot tie shoes. Which is the beast footwear recommendation for the therapist to make for the child to wear?

In measuring the ROM of a client’s elbow, the occupational therapist records a flexion measurement of 145°. Which is the most accurate for the therapist to document based on this measurement?

The parents of an infant born at 32 weeks gestation are about to take the baby home after four weeks in the neonatal intensive care nursery. Which is most important for the occupational therapist to instruct the parents to avoid?

An elementary school teacher has been recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). Which adaptation is best for the occupational therapist to recommend the teacher use to accommodate for effects of MS on classroom teaching?

An individual with a body mass index (BMI) of 35 is joining a community-based wellness program conducted by an occupational therapist. When formulating an individualized wellness plan, which condition should the occupational therapist take into consideration as an increased risk for this person?

Upon screening, an eight-month old child demonstrates a positive downward parachute reflex. Which action should the occupational therapist take next in response to this observed behavior?

A child with developmental delay has mastered the ability to cut simple figure shapes with scissors. Which scissor activity is best for the occupational therapist to next introduce to child?

A home care occupational therapist sees to enhance an elder’s compliance with occupational therapy intervention program. After discussing the goals of the program with the person, which intervention is most effective for the therapist to use?

An adult recently diagnosed with scleroderma receives occupational therapy services to deal with the functional changes caused by this disease. Which recommendation is best for the occupational therapist to make to this individual?

An adult incurred an injury to the anterior spinal artery at the T12 level. The occupational therapist completes a sensory evaluation with this client. Which sensation is most likely for the therapist to document that the individual has retained?