Review Quiz For Biology Spring 2017 Nine Weeks Exam

Adhesion refers to the ability of water molecules to cling or adhere to other surfaces. This property is due to the attractive forces between the water molecules and the molecules of the other surface. Cohesion, on the other hand, refers to the ability of water molecules to stick together, forming hydrogen bonds. Synchronicity is not related to the ability of water to cling to other surfaces. Therefore, the correct answer is adhesion.

The sun is the ultimate source of energy for the cell energy cycle because it provides light energy that is converted into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, plants and some other organisms use sunlight, along with carbon dioxide and water, to produce glucose and oxygen. Glucose is then used as a source of energy by cells through cellular respiration. Therefore, the sun's energy is crucial for sustaining life on Earth by providing the energy needed for the cell energy cycle.

The mitochondria is the correct answer because it is known as the "powerhouse" of the cell and is responsible for synthesizing ATP through cellular respiration. ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is the main energy currency of the cell and is essential for various cellular processes. The mitochondria have specialized structures and enzymes that facilitate the production of ATP through a series of biochemical reactions. Therefore, the mitochondria is the organelle where ATP synthesis primarily occurs.

A water molecule is held together by a covalent bond. In a covalent bond, two atoms share electrons in order to achieve a stable electron configuration. In the case of water, oxygen and hydrogen atoms share electrons to form two covalent bonds. This sharing of electrons allows the oxygen atom to have a full outer shell of electrons, giving it a stable configuration. Therefore, the correct answer is covalent.

Water is a polar covalent molecule because it consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom through covalent bonds. In a water molecule, the oxygen atom has a higher electronegativity than the hydrogen atoms, causing the electrons to be unequally shared. This results in a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom and partial positive charges on the hydrogen atoms, creating a polar molecule.

Water's ability to moderate temperatures is the result of its high specific heat. Specific heat refers to the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance. Water has a high specific heat, meaning it can absorb a large amount of heat energy without a significant increase in temperature. This property allows water to act as a temperature buffer, regulating the temperature of its surroundings and maintaining a stable environment. It is why bodies of water like oceans and lakes tend to have more stable temperatures compared to land areas.

A question that can be solved experimentally is a requirement for using the scientific method because the scientific method involves formulating a hypothesis, designing and conducting experiments to test the hypothesis, and analyzing the results to draw conclusions. If a question cannot be solved experimentally, it cannot be tested scientifically and therefore cannot be valid for using the scientific method.

The first step of the scientific method is to make a hypothesis. This involves formulating a tentative explanation or prediction based on prior knowledge and observations. The hypothesis serves as a starting point for the scientific investigation and guides the direction of the research. It helps to define the research question and provides a framework for designing experiments and collecting data to test the hypothesis.

Acids are proton (H+ ion) donors, so they accept electrons

Cohesion refers to the ability of water molecules to stick together due to hydrogen bonding. This property allows water to form droplets, create surface tension, and move through narrow spaces against gravity. Adhesion, on the other hand, refers to water's ability to stick to other substances. Synchronicity is not a term related to water's properties. Therefore, the correct answer is cohesion.

Hydrogen bonding is the type of bond that exists between water molecules. This occurs when a hydrogen atom from one water molecule is attracted to the oxygen atom of another water molecule. This attraction is due to the difference in electronegativity between hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen bond is weaker than a covalent or ionic bond, but it is strong enough to give water its unique properties such as high boiling point, surface tension, and ability to dissolve many substances.

A Brønsted-Lowry base is a proton acceptor. Bases give up a hydroxide ion (OH-) that wants to bond to the hydrogen ion (H+) given off by an acid

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The number of protons is an element's atomic number

The number 100200 has four significant figures because all non-zero digits are significant, and any zeros between non-zero digits are also significant. In this case, the zeros before and after the 2 are not significant because they serve as placeholders and do not add any value to the number itself. Therefore, the correct answer is 4.

Liquids with a pH of seven are neutral, which is neither an acid nor base

The chloroplast is the correct answer because it is the organelle responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which glucose is synthesized in plants. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, a pigment that captures sunlight and converts it into chemical energy, which is used to produce glucose. The other organelles listed, such as the mitochondria, nucleus, and cell membrane, do not play a direct role in synthesizing glucose.

Acids are solutions with a pH between 0 and 7, not between 7 and 14. A pH value below 7 indicates acidity, while a pH value above 7 indicates alkalinity. Therefore, the statement that acids have a pH between 7 and 14 is incorrect.

Transfer RNA (tRNA) has a structure resembling a clover leaf in the illustration. tRNA molecules are responsible for carrying amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis. The clover leaf structure of tRNA is formed by base pairing between different regions of the molecule, creating three loops and an anticodon region that binds to the corresponding codon on the mRNA. This structure allows tRNA to accurately recognize and deliver the appropriate amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain. Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes, while complementary RNA is not a recognized form of RNA.

The number 100200 has six significant figures. Significant figures are the digits in a number that carry meaningful information. In this case, all the digits are non-zero, which means they are all significant. Therefore, the number 100200 has six significant figures.

A positively charged ion is called a cation. This is because when an atom loses one or more electrons, it becomes positively charged and is then referred to as a cation. A cation has more protons than electrons, resulting in a net positive charge. A positron, on the other hand, is a subatomic particle with the same mass as an electron but with a positive charge. An anion, on the other hand, is a negatively charged ion that has gained one or more electrons. Therefore, the correct answer is cation.

Protein synthesis in eukaryotes occurs in the ribosomes. Ribosomes are small organelles found in the cytoplasm of cells. They are responsible for assembling amino acids into proteins based on the instructions provided by messenger RNA (mRNA). The process of protein synthesis involves the decoding of the mRNA sequence and the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids to create a polypeptide chain. Therefore, the ribosome is the correct location for protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells.