Respiratory Drugs Quiz – Asthma, COPD, And More

The lower respiratory system is composed of the trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs. The trachea, also known as the windpipe, connects the upper respiratory system to the bronchial tree. The bronchial tree consists of the bronchi and bronchioles, which branch out and deliver air to the lungs. The lungs are the main organs of the lower respiratory system, responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during respiration.

The generic name for Theo-Dur is theophylline. This is because theophylline is the active ingredient in Theo-Dur, which is a medication used to treat asthma and other respiratory conditions. Montelukast, beclomethasone, guaifenesin, and dextromethorphan are all different medications used for various purposes, but they are not the generic name for Theo-Dur.

Tachypnea refers to rapid breathing. This condition is characterized by an increased rate of breathing, which is faster than the normal respiratory rate. It can be caused by various factors such as anxiety, fever, exercise, or certain medical conditions. Rapid breathing helps to increase oxygen intake and remove carbon dioxide from the body.

The upper respiratory system is composed of the pharynx, larynx, nasal cavities, and nose. These structures work together to allow air to enter the body, warm and humidify the air, and filter out any impurities before it reaches the lower respiratory system. The pharynx is the common passage for both air and food, while the larynx contains the vocal cords and helps with the production of sound. The nasal cavities and nose are responsible for filtering and warming the air as it enters the body.

The statement is true. The average respiration rate for adults is indeed 12 to 18 breaths per minute, while a child's rate is typically higher at 40 breaths per minute. Respiration rate refers to the number of breaths taken in a minute and can vary based on factors such as age, physical activity, and overall health.

Salbutamol is the generic name of Ventolin. Ventolin is a brand name for the medication that contains salbutamol as its active ingredient. Salbutamol is a bronchodilator that helps to relax the muscles in the airways, making it easier to breathe. It is commonly used to treat conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Other options listed, such as fluticasone, zafirlukast, epinephrine, and salmeterol, are also medications used to treat respiratory conditions, but they are not the generic name for Ventolin.

Breathing is considered an involuntary mechanism because it is controlled by the autonomic nervous system, specifically the medulla oblongata in the brainstem. The medulla oblongata regulates the rate and depth of breathing based on the body's needs, such as oxygen levels and pH balance. This means that breathing occurs automatically without conscious effort or control.

Mucomyst is the brand name for acetylcysteine. Acetylcysteine is a medication used to thin and loosen mucus in the airways, making it easier to cough up. It is commonly used to treat conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, and respiratory infections. Mucomyst is available in various forms, including oral solution, inhalation solution, and intravenous solution.

Rafadin (rifampin) is classified as an antituberculosis medication. This classification suggests that Rafadin is specifically used to treat tuberculosis, a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs. Antituberculosis medications like rifampin are effective in killing or inhibiting the growth of the bacteria responsible for tuberculosis, thus helping to alleviate the symptoms and prevent the spread of the disease.

Loratadine is the generic name for Claritin. Claritin is a brand name for the medication that contains loratadine as its active ingredient. Generic names are the scientific names given to drugs, while brand names are the names under which they are marketed. In this case, loratadine is the generic name for the medication Claritin.

The air we breathe is composed of 21% oxygen, 79% nitrogen, and 0.5% carbon dioxide. Oxygen is necessary for the process of respiration in living organisms, while nitrogen is an inert gas that helps to dilute the oxygen and prevent combustion. Carbon dioxide is a natural component of the atmosphere, produced by living organisms during respiration and by the burning of fossil fuels.

Apnea refers to the temporary cessation or pause in breathing. In the context of heart failure, apnea can occur when the heart is unable to pump enough oxygen-rich blood to the lungs, leading to a stoppage of respiration. This can result in a lack of oxygen supply to the body's tissues and organs, potentially causing serious health complications.

On average, approximately 125ml of mucus is produced each day. Mucus is a slippery substance that is produced by the mucous membranes in our body, particularly in the respiratory and digestive systems. It serves as a protective layer, trapping dust, bacteria, and other foreign particles to prevent them from entering our body. The production of mucus can vary depending on factors such as hydration, environmental conditions, and overall health. However, 125ml is considered to be the average amount of mucus produced daily.

Asthma is not considered a type of COPD. While both asthma and COPD are respiratory conditions that can cause breathing difficulties, they have different underlying causes. Asthma is characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, often triggered by allergies or environmental factors. On the other hand, COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) is primarily caused by long-term exposure to irritants such as smoking and is characterized by progressive damage to the lungs.

Accolate is the correct brand name for zafirlukast. Zafirlukast is a medication used to prevent asthma symptoms and to treat exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Accolate works by blocking certain substances in the body that cause inflammation and narrowing of the airways. It is important to note that the other options listed (Azmacort, Isuprel, Serevent, and Benylin) are not brand names for zafirlukast and are used for different purposes or contain different active ingredients.