Quiz 2 - Leaving CERT Biology

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    Metabolism is the sum of all the _______   ________ in an organism. (2 words)

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About This Quiz

Leaving Cert Biology quiz based on Unit 1 & 2 made by the ultimate bog-machine

Quiz 2 - Leaving CERT Biology - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    A factor affecting human population?

    Explanation
    These factors, including war, famine, contraception, disease, and natural disasters, can all have a significant impact on the human population. War leads to loss of life and displacement of people, which can decrease the population. Famine, caused by a lack of food, can also result in population decline. Contraception can limit the number of births and therefore affect population growth. Disease outbreaks can cause high mortality rates and reduce population size. Natural disasters, such as earthquakes or hurricanes, can cause widespread destruction and loss of life, impacting the population.

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  • 3. 

    Which has more energy?

    • ADP

    • ATP

    • AQP

    • NADH

    Correct Answer
    A. ATP
    Explanation
    ATP has more energy compared to ADP, AQP, and NADH. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy currency of cells. It stores and releases energy during cellular processes, such as muscle contraction and active transport. ATP is formed by adding a phosphate group to ADP (adenosine diphosphate), which increases its energy content. AQP (aquaporin) is a protein involved in water transport, and NADH is an electron carrier in cellular respiration. While both AQP and NADH play important roles in cellular function, they do not possess the same level of energy as ATP.

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  • 4. 

    In which order do the 4 stages of Mitosis occur?

    • Prophase, Metaphase, Telophase, Anaphase

    • Anaphase, Metaphase, Prophase, Telophase

    • Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

    • Telophase, Anaphase, Prophase, Metaphase

    Correct Answer
    A. Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
    Explanation
    During mitosis, the four stages occur in a specific order. Prophase is the first stage, where the chromosomes condense and become visible. The nuclear membrane also breaks down during this stage. Metaphase is the second stage, where the condensed chromosomes align along the equator of the cell. Anaphase is the third stage, where the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. Telophase is the final stage, where the chromosomes reach the poles of the cell and decondense. The nuclear membrane reforms, and cytokinesis may occur to complete cell division. Therefore, the correct order of the stages of mitosis is Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase.

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  • 5. 

    Vitamin D is a water-soluble vitamin.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The statement is incorrect. Vitamin D is actually a fat-soluble vitamin, not water-soluble. Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed and stored in the body's fat tissues, while water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water and are not stored in the body.

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  • 6. 

    What plant is used to measure the rate of photosynthesis?

    Correct Answer
    Elodea
    Explanation
    Elodea is a commonly used aquatic plant in biology experiments to measure the rate of photosynthesis. This plant is ideal for this purpose because it has chloroplasts, which are responsible for photosynthesis, and it releases oxygen bubbles when exposed to light. By measuring the rate of oxygen production, we can indirectly determine the rate of photosynthesis. Elodea is a popular choice for these experiments due to its availability, easy cultivation, and reliable results.

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  • 7. 

    Where in the cell does Stage 2 of Respiration occur?

    • Cytosol

    • Cytoplasma

    • Ribosome

    • Mitochondria

    • Nuclei

    Correct Answer
    A. Mitochondria
    Explanation
    Stage 2 of respiration occurs in the mitochondria. The mitochondria is known as the powerhouse of the cell because it is responsible for producing the majority of the cell's energy in the form of ATP through the process of cellular respiration. During stage 2 of respiration, known as the Krebs cycle or citric acid cycle, glucose is broken down further to release more energy. This process takes place in the mitochondria's matrix, where enzymes catalyze a series of chemical reactions to produce ATP and other energy-rich molecules.

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  • 8. 

    How many chromosomes are there in a diploid human cell?

    • 23

    • 22

    • 46

    • 44

    Correct Answer
    A. 46
    Explanation
    A diploid human cell contains 46 chromosomes. Chromosomes are thread-like structures found in the nucleus of cells that carry genetic information. In humans, each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46. These chromosomes come in pairs, with one chromosome in each pair inherited from each parent. This is why humans are considered diploid organisms.

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  • 9. 

    A triglyceride, found in lipids, is composed of... (Choose 2)

    • Glycerol

    • Trace Elements

    • Phosphate Group

    • 1 Fatty Acid

    • 3 Fatty Acids

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Glycerol
    A. 3 Fatty Acids
    Explanation
    A triglyceride, found in lipids, is composed of glycerol and three fatty acids. Glycerol is a type of alcohol that forms the backbone of the triglyceride molecule. Fatty acids are long chains of hydrocarbons that are attached to the glycerol molecule. Together, these components make up the structure of a triglyceride, which is a major form of stored energy in the body and plays a role in insulation and protection of organs.

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  • 10. 

    Main product of Glycolysis?

    • Lactic Acid

    • Pyruvic Acid

    • ADP

    • CO2

    Correct Answer
    A. Pyruvic Acid
    Explanation
    Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate. During glycolysis, a series of enzymatic reactions occur, resulting in the production of two molecules of pyruvate. Pyruvic acid is an important molecule as it serves as a precursor for various metabolic pathways. It can be further converted into acetyl-CoA, which enters the citric acid cycle to generate energy. Therefore, pyruvic acid is the main product of glycolysis.

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  • 11. 

    Testing a person's DNA for the presence of abnormal or altered DNA is known as

    • Genetic DNA testing

    • DNA profiling

    • Genetic Screening

    • Genetic Coding

    • Protein Synthesis

    Correct Answer
    A. Genetic Screening
    Explanation
    Genetic screening is the correct answer because it involves testing a person's DNA to identify any abnormal or altered DNA sequences. This type of testing is commonly used to detect genetic disorders, identify carriers of genetic diseases, and assess the risk of developing certain conditions. It helps in identifying potential health risks and allows for early intervention or prevention strategies. DNA profiling, on the other hand, refers to the process of analyzing specific DNA markers for identification purposes, while genetic DNA testing is a broad term that encompasses various types of DNA tests. Genetic coding and protein synthesis are not directly related to testing for abnormal DNA.

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  • 12. 

    What is the colour change in a test for glucose (reducing sugar) whilst using Benedict's Solution?

    • Red --> Blue

    • Red/Yellow --> Blue/Black

    • Yellow --> Red

    • Blue --> Red

    Correct Answer
    A. Blue --> Red
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Blue --> Red. Benedict's Solution is commonly used to test for the presence of reducing sugars such as glucose. When a reducing sugar, like glucose, is present in the solution being tested, it reacts with the Benedict's Solution and causes a color change. Initially, the solution is blue, but when it reacts with the reducing sugar, it turns from blue to red. This color change indicates the presence of glucose in the solution.

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  • 13. 

    Who is commonly referred to as the father of genetics?

    • Charles Darwin

    • Alfred Russell Wallace

    • Albert Einstein

    • Henry Bequerel

    • Gregor Mendel

    Correct Answer
    A. Gregor Mendel
    Explanation
    Gregor Mendel is commonly referred to as the father of genetics because he conducted groundbreaking experiments with pea plants in the mid-19th century. Through his meticulous observations and crossbreeding experiments, Mendel discovered the basic principles of inheritance, including the concepts of dominant and recessive traits. His work laid the foundation for modern genetics and revolutionized our understanding of how traits are passed down from generation to generation.

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  • 14. 

    Chemicals used to immobilise enzymes? (Choose 2)

    • Calcium Chloride

    • Sodium Peroxide

    • Hydrogen Peroxide

    • Sodium Alginate

    • Potassium Alginate

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Calcium Chloride
    A. Sodium Alginate
    Explanation
    Calcium chloride is used to immobilize enzymes because it can form a gel when mixed with sodium alginate, creating a matrix that traps the enzymes and prevents them from diffusing away. Sodium alginate is also used because it can form a gel with calcium chloride, providing a stable environment for the enzymes. Both calcium chloride and sodium alginate are commonly used in the process of enzyme immobilization to enhance enzyme stability and reusability.

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  • 15. 

    What substance is used to test for alcohol in the production of alcohol experiment?

    • Ethanol

    • Methanol

    • Calcium Chloride

    • Potassium dichromate

    Correct Answer
    A. Potassium dichromate
    Explanation
    Potassium dichromate is used to test for alcohol in the production of alcohol experiment. This substance is commonly used as an oxidizing agent in laboratory experiments. In the presence of alcohol, potassium dichromate changes color, indicating the presence of alcohol. This reaction is commonly used to determine the alcohol content in alcoholic beverages. Ethanol and methanol are types of alcohol, but they are not used as the substance to test for alcohol. Calcium chloride is not used in this experiment.

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  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Jun 05, 2011
    Quiz Created by
    Brianog
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