Psychology Beginning Of The Year Quiz

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  • 1/27 Questions

    Which perspective of psychology would be most likely to answer the following question: "How does the body and brain enable emotions?"

    • Neuroscience
    • Psychodynamic
    • Behavioral
    • Cognitive
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About This Quiz

The 'Psychology Beginning of the year' quiz explores fundamental concepts in psychology, including cognitive processes, evolutionary perspectives, and the neuroscience basis of emotions. It assesses understanding of psychological theories and their application to human behavior and evolution.

Psychology Beginning Of The Year Quiz - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Which perspective of psychology deals with how humans think?

    • Behavioral

    • Cognitive

    • Behavior genetics

    • Social-cultural

    Correct Answer
    A. Cognitive
    Explanation
    The perspective of psychology that deals with how humans think is cognitive psychology. This perspective focuses on mental processes such as perception, memory, problem-solving, and decision-making. It examines how individuals acquire, process, and store information, and how they use this information to understand and interact with the world. Cognitive psychology also explores topics such as attention, language, and reasoning, aiming to understand the underlying cognitive mechanisms involved in human thinking.

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  • 3. 

    According to evolutionary psychologists, women are more likely than men to be choosier about who they mate with for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

    • They need protection and stability

    • They want good genes in their children

    • They can only make a limited number of babies

    • They can easily raise a child on their own

    Correct Answer
    A. They can easily raise a child on their own
    Explanation
    Evolutionary psychologists argue that women are more likely to be choosier about who they mate with due to several reasons. Firstly, women need protection and stability to ensure the safety and well-being of themselves and their offspring. Secondly, they seek good genes in their children to increase their chances of survival and reproductive success. Additionally, women can only produce a limited number of babies throughout their lifetime, so they must be selective in their choice of mate. However, the statement that women can easily raise a child on their own contradicts the idea that they need a suitable partner for support and assistance in parenting.

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  • 4. 

    Why are people prone to fear spiders more than guns?

    • Spiders are more deadly

    • Our ancestors who were cautious about spiders were more likely to pass their genes to future generations

    • Guns look like toys

    • Everyone who was scared by guns was killed off because people killed them

    Correct Answer
    A. Our ancestors who were cautious about spiders were more likely to pass their genes to future generations
    Explanation
    The answer suggests that people are prone to fear spiders more than guns because our ancestors who were cautious about spiders were more likely to pass their genes to future generations. This implies that the fear of spiders may have been advantageous for survival and reproduction, leading to the inheritance of this fear over time.

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  • 5. 

    In the psychological debate bature vs. nurture, nature is:

    • How we are born (our genes)

    • What we are exposed to (our environment)

    • Trees and insects and such

    • Our brain's way of processing information

    Correct Answer
    A. How we are born (our genes)
    Explanation
    The correct answer is how we are born (our genes). In the nature vs. nurture debate, nature refers to the genetic factors that influence our traits and characteristics. It suggests that our genes play a significant role in determining who we are and how we develop. This perspective emphasizes the innate qualities and predispositions that we inherit from our biological parents.

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  • 6. 

    __________________________________ is an evolutionary process through which adaptive traits are passed on to ongoing generations because these traits help animals survive and reproduce.

    • Social Darwinism

    • Natural selection

    • Genetic mutation

    • Cognitive psychology

    Correct Answer
    A. Natural selection
    Explanation
    Natural selection is the process by which adaptive traits are passed on to ongoing generations because these traits help animals survive and reproduce. It is a fundamental mechanism of evolution, proposed by Charles Darwin, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and pass on their genes to the next generation. Over time, these advantageous traits become more common in the population, leading to the evolution of species. Social Darwinism, genetic mutation, and cognitive psychology are unrelated concepts and do not explain the process of passing on adaptive traits.

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  • 7. 

    A ______________________________ is the set of complete instructions for making an organism, containing all the genes in that organism. 

    • Chromosome

    • DNA

    • Nucleus

    • Genome

    Correct Answer
    A. Genome
    Explanation
    A genome is the set of complete instructions for making an organism, containing all the genes in that organism. It includes all the genetic material, including the DNA, present in an organism's cells. The genome carries all the information necessary for the development, functioning, and reproduction of the organism.

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  • 8. 

    A ____________________________ twin is when there is one egg fertilized by one sperm and the cell splits.

    • Siamese

    • Fraternal

    • Identical

    • Conjoined

    Correct Answer
    A. Identical
    Explanation
    Identical twins occur when a single fertilized egg splits into two separate embryos. This means that both twins share the same genetic material and are essentially clones of each other. They can be of the same or different genders. Fraternal twins, on the other hand, result from two separate eggs being fertilized by two different sperm. Siamese and conjoined twins refer to twins who are physically joined together at birth.

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  • 9. 

    A _____________________________________ twin is when there are two eggs and two sperm that develop together in the same womb.

    • Siamese

    • Fraternal

    • Identical

    • Conjoined

    Correct Answer
    A. Fraternal
    Explanation
    Fraternal twins occur when two separate eggs are fertilized by two separate sperm and develop together in the same womb. This results in two genetically distinct individuals who may or may not resemble each other. Unlike identical twins, who develop from a single fertilized egg that splits into two, fraternal twins can be of different sexes and have different genetic characteristics. Therefore, the correct answer is "fraternal."

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  • 10. 

    Based on the video we viewed in class, boys are more likely to be homosexual if they have:

    • Older brothers and are left-handed

    • Older sisters and are right-handed

    • Older brothers and are right-handed

    • Older sisters and are left-handed

    Correct Answer
    A. Older brothers and are right-handed
    Explanation
    According to the video viewed in class, research suggests that boys are more likely to be homosexual if they have older brothers and are right-handed. This finding is based on the fraternal birth order effect, which suggests that each older brother increases the likelihood of a boy being homosexual. Additionally, being right-handed is also associated with a higher likelihood of homosexuality. Therefore, the combination of having older brothers and being right-handed increases the chances of a boy being homosexual.

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  • 11. 

    How did the scientists get the female rats to behave as the opposite sex in the video we viewed in class?

    • Injected the girls with testosterone after birth

    • Fed the mother certain food while they were in the womb

    • Raised them with all boys

    • Raised them with all girls

    Correct Answer
    A. Injected the girls with testosterone after birth
    Explanation
    The scientists in the video achieved the female rats behaving as the opposite sex by injecting them with testosterone after they were born. This hormone, typically associated with males, altered the rats' behavior and caused them to exhibit traits and behaviors typically seen in males.

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  • 12. 

    What percent of fraternal twins' DNA is shared?

    • 25%

    • 50%

    • 75%

    • 100%

    Correct Answer
    A. 50%
    Explanation
    Fraternal twins are formed when two separate eggs are fertilized by two different sperm. As a result, they share about 50% of their DNA, just like any other siblings. This is because each twin inherits half of their genetic material from their mother and half from their father, just like any other child. Therefore, the correct answer is 50%.

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  • 13. 

    ____________________________containing ___________________________________________ are situated in the nucleus of a cell.

    • Genome; chromosomes

    • DNA; chromosomes

    • Chromosomes; genome

    • Chromosomes; DNA

    Correct Answer
    A. Chromosomes; DNA
    Explanation
    Chromosomes are situated in the nucleus of a cell and contain DNA. DNA is the genetic material that carries the instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms. Therefore, the correct answer is chromosomes; DNA.

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  • 14. 

    _____________________________________________ study our differences and weigh the relative effects of heredity and environment.

    • Natural geneticists

    • Behavior geneticists

    • Clinical psychologists

    • Humanistic psychologists

    Correct Answer
    A. Behavior geneticists
    Explanation
    Behavior geneticists study the influence of genetics and environment on behavior. They specifically focus on understanding the relative effects of heredity and environment on human behavior. By examining the role of genetics in behavior, behavior geneticists aim to determine how much of a person's behavior is influenced by their genetic makeup and how much is influenced by their environment. This field of study helps to shed light on the complex interaction between nature and nurture in shaping human behavior.

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  • 15. 

    An evolutionary psychologist would say that in most cases the grandparent we would be closest to would be:

    • Father's mother

    • Father's father

    • Mother's mother

    • Mother's father

    Correct Answer
    A. Mother's mother
    Explanation
    An evolutionary psychologist would argue that we would be closest to our mother's mother as she is more likely to invest time and resources in raising her grandchildren due to the genetic relatedness. This is because our mother's mother shares a higher proportion of our genes compared to our father's mother or father's father. Additionally, maternal grandmothers have been found to play a significant role in child-rearing and providing support to their grandchildren in many cultures.

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  • 16. 

    An evolutionary psychologist would say we would be more likely to save our one year old child or our five year old child and why?

    • Five year old because they are less likely to die before reproducing

    • Five year old because we know them better

    • One year old because they are more defenseless

    • One year old because they are cuter

    Correct Answer
    A. Five year old because they are less likely to die before reproducing
    Explanation
    An evolutionary psychologist would argue that we would be more likely to save our five-year-old child because they are less likely to die before reproducing. From an evolutionary perspective, the ultimate goal is to pass on our genes to the next generation. By saving a child who has already survived for five years, we increase the chances of their reproductive success and the continuation of our genes in future generations.

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  • 17. 

    Which of the following children would an evolutionary psychologist say we would be most upset by if they died?

    • Healthy female child

    • Healthy male child

    • Sick male child

    • Sick female child

    Correct Answer
    A. Healthy male child
    Explanation
    Evolutionary psychologists argue that individuals are biologically predisposed to prioritize the survival of their offspring in order to ensure the continuation of their genes. From an evolutionary perspective, a healthy male child would be considered more valuable because males have the potential to produce more offspring than females. Therefore, if a healthy male child were to die, it would be more upsetting from an evolutionary standpoint as it would represent a loss of potential reproductive success.

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  • 18. 

    At most women can have about _______ children while men can have _______________.

    • 10; 20

    • 30; hundreds (or more)

    • Hundreds (or more); hundreds (or more)

    • 8; 10

    Correct Answer
    A. 30; hundreds (or more)
    Explanation
    Women can have a maximum of about 30 children, while men can have hundreds or more children. This is because women have a limited number of eggs in their ovaries, while men continuously produce sperm throughout their lifetime. Additionally, women have a limited reproductive window, whereas men can potentially father children at any age. Therefore, women have a smaller potential for reproduction compared to men.

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  • 19. 

    Which of the following would an evolutionary psychologist think was the most unlikely reason for a child to protest going to bed at night:

    • They want to stay up to see what's going on

    • They might get left behind in the dark

    • They might get eaten by an animal in the dark

    • They can't protect themselves

    Correct Answer
    A. They want to stay up to see what's going on
    Explanation
    An evolutionary psychologist would think that the most unlikely reason for a child to protest going to bed at night is that they want to stay up to see what's going on. This is because evolutionary psychologists study human behavior from an evolutionary perspective, focusing on how behaviors have evolved to increase survival and reproductive success. Staying up to see what's going on does not directly relate to survival or reproductive success, unlike the other options which involve potential dangers in the dark and the need for protection.

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  • 20. 

    Which psychological perspective looks at how behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts?

    • Psychodynamic

    • Humanistic

    • Behavioral

    • Neuroscience

    Correct Answer
    A. Psychodynamic
    Explanation
    The psychodynamic perspective focuses on how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior. This perspective, developed by Sigmund Freud, emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind in shaping behavior and personality. It suggests that our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by hidden desires, unresolved conflicts, and childhood experiences that we may not be consciously aware of. This perspective also emphasizes the importance of understanding the unconscious mind through techniques such as dream analysis and free association.

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  • 21. 

     Males hit puberty:

    • 2 years before females

    • At the same time as females

    • 2 years after females

    • At the age of 10

    Correct Answer
    A. 2 years after females
    Explanation
    The given answer states that males hit puberty 2 years after females. This means that males typically experience the physical and hormonal changes associated with puberty later than females. It is important to note that the timing of puberty can vary among individuals, but on average, males tend to go through puberty later than females.

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  • 22. 

    One think we learned about size and stature is that: 

    • People who were taller had advantages

    • People who walked on four limbs had advantages

    • People who were shorter had advantages

    • People who were bent over had advantages

    Correct Answer
    A. People who were taller had advantages
    Explanation
    Taller people often have advantages due to their increased height. They tend to have a larger reach, which can be beneficial in various activities such as sports, reaching high objects, or defending oneself. Additionally, taller individuals may be perceived as more authoritative or commanding, leading to potential social advantages. Moreover, taller people may have better visibility in crowded areas, giving them an edge in certain situations. Overall, the increased height of individuals provides them with several practical and social advantages.

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  • 23. 

     At the beginning of pregnancy how many pregnancies are twins?

    • 1 out of 1000

    • 1 out of 8

    • 1 out of 65

    • All of them

    Correct Answer
    A. 1 out of 8
    Explanation
    At the beginning of pregnancy, the likelihood of having a twin pregnancy is 1 out of 8. This means that out of every 8 pregnancies, one of them will result in twins.

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  • 24. 

     In studying the brains of males and females, it has been found that females have more _____________________ while males have more _____________________.

    • Data gathering; white matter

    • Cortexes; neurons

    • Neurons; cortexes

    • White matter; data gathering

    Correct Answer
    A. White matter; data gathering
    Explanation
    In studying the brains of males and females, it has been found that females have more white matter while males have more data gathering. This suggests that there may be differences in the structural organization and connectivity of the brain between males and females. White matter refers to the parts of the brain that are primarily composed of nerve fibers, responsible for transmitting information between different areas. Data gathering, on the other hand, refers to the cognitive processes involved in collecting and processing information. Therefore, this finding suggests that there may be variations in how males and females process and analyze information.

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  • 25. 

    What percent of the female body is fat? 

    • 12

    • 23

    • 45

    • 71

    Correct Answer
    A. 23
    Explanation
    23% is the correct answer because on average, the female body contains around 20-25% of fat. This percentage is higher compared to males due to hormonal differences and the need for fat storage for reproductive purposes. Fat is essential for various bodily functions, including hormone production and insulation. However, excessive body fat can lead to health issues such as obesity and related diseases.

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  • 26. 

    All of the following are reasons for pair-bonding in humans EXCEPT: 

    • Territorial

    • Needy offspring

    • Male desire to have lots of offspring

    • Protection from predators

    Correct Answer
    A. Male desire to have lots of offspring
    Explanation
    Pair-bonding in humans is a social behavior that involves forming a long-term committed relationship between two individuals. It is typically driven by various factors such as territorial instincts, the need to care for and protect needy offspring, and the desire for protection from predators. However, the male desire to have lots of offspring is not a reason for pair-bonding in humans. Pair-bonding is more focused on the quality of the relationship and the investment in a smaller number of offspring, rather than a desire for a large number of offspring.

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  • 27. 

    Choose a human characteristic or behavior we've discussed in class and do the following:
    • A. Identify the characteristic or behavior
    • B.  Explain how an evolutionary psychologist would explain why we developed that characteristic or behavior.
     

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  • Current Version
  • May 18, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Aug 29, 2011
    Quiz Created by
    EmilyNallCrist

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