Psychology AOS1 Quiz 2

2.

James was the founder of dualism and Wundt was the founder of structuralism

True
False

Correct Answer

A. False

Explanation

The given statement is false. James was not the founder of dualism. Dualism is a philosophical concept that originated much earlier, with philosophers like René Descartes. On the other hand, Wilhelm Wundt is widely considered to be the founder of structuralism, which was a school of psychology that focused on analyzing the structure of the mind through introspection.

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3.

The cognitive approach refers to

Thoughts as an explanation of behaviour
Chemicals as an explanation of behaviour
Punishment and reinforcement as an explanation of behaviour
Bodily changes and genetics as an explanation of behaviour

Correct Answer

A. Thoughts as an explanation of behaviour

Explanation

The cognitive approach in psychology focuses on understanding behavior by examining the role of thoughts and mental processes. It suggests that behavior is influenced by the way individuals perceive, interpret, and think about the world around them. This approach emphasizes the importance of internal mental processes, such as attention, memory, and problem-solving, in shaping behavior. By studying how thoughts and cognitive processes influence behavior, psychologists using the cognitive approach aim to gain insight into why individuals behave the way they do.

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4.

The behaviourist approach refers to

Thoughts as an explanation of behaviour
Chemicals as an explanation of behaviour
Punishment and reinforcement as an explanation of behaviour
Bodily changes and genetics as an explanation of behaviour

Correct Answer

A. Punishment and reinforcement as an explanation of behaviour

Explanation

The behaviourist approach focuses on the idea that behaviour is influenced by punishment and reinforcement. This means that individuals learn to behave in certain ways based on the consequences they receive. Punishment discourages certain behaviours, while reinforcement encourages them. This approach does not consider thoughts, chemicals, bodily changes, or genetics as primary explanations for behaviour. Instead, it emphasizes the role of external factors in shaping and controlling behaviour.

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5.

Joelene is upset and has often felt stressed. She decides to visit a Psychologist, who refers her to a Psychiatrist. Which of the reasons below is not true of Psychiatrists?

A Psychiatrist is a medically-trained doctor.
A Psychiatrist prescribes medication
A Psychiatrist must complete a four year degree in Psychology
A Psychiatrist performs medical procedures

Correct Answer

A. A Psychiatrist must complete a four year degree in Psychology

Explanation

Psychiatrists are medically-trained doctors who specialize in mental health and are able to prescribe medication. However, it is not true that a Psychiatrist must complete a four-year degree in Psychology. While many psychiatrists do have a background in psychology, it is not a requirement for becoming a psychiatrist. Psychiatrists typically complete medical school and then specialize in psychiatry through a residency program.

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6.

Which of the following is not a behaviourist?

Rogers
Pavlov
Watson

Correct Answer

A. Rogers

Explanation

Rogers is not a behaviorist because he is associated with the humanistic approach to psychology, which focuses on the individual's subjective experiences and self-actualization, rather than behavior and conditioning. Behaviorism, on the other hand, emphasizes observable behavior and the influence of the environment on behavior. Pavlov and Watson, on the other hand, are well-known behaviorists who conducted research on classical conditioning and behavior modification.

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7.

An explanation of behaviour that is not based on scientific methods is called a/an

Experiment
Pseudoscience
Hypothesis
Theory

Correct Answer

A. Pseudoscience

Explanation

Pseudoscience refers to an explanation of behavior that is not grounded in scientific methods. Unlike experiments, which involve systematic observation and testing, pseudoscience relies on unproven claims and lacks empirical evidence. It often presents itself as scientific but lacks the rigor and objectivity of genuine scientific inquiry. Pseudoscientific beliefs and practices can be misleading, misleading the public and hindering progress in scientific understanding.

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8.

Darwin described in his text, the theory of evolution. This initial study of animals being linked at a cellular level is related to which approach in Psychology?

Humanistic
Sociocultural
Biological
Psychanalytic

Correct Answer

A. Biological

Explanation

The correct answer is Biological. Darwin's theory of evolution is related to the biological approach in psychology because it emphasizes the influence of genetics, evolution, and the physical functioning of the brain and nervous system on human behavior and mental processes. This approach focuses on understanding how biological factors contribute to psychological phenomena and how they interact with environmental influences.

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9.

Freud was the founder of which approach to Psychology?

Psychanalytic
Biological
Humanistic
Cognitive

Correct Answer

A. Psychanalytic

Explanation

Freud is widely recognized as the founder of the psychanalytic approach to Psychology. This approach focuses on the unconscious mind and the influence of childhood experiences on adult behavior. Freud developed various theories, such as the concept of the id, ego, and superego, as well as the interpretation of dreams and the significance of the unconscious in shaping human behavior. The psychanalytic approach has had a significant impact on the field of Psychology and has influenced many other theories and therapeutic practices.

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10.

Mark is visiting a counsellor to deal with anxiety issues. A Cognitive Psychologist would approach therapy of Mark in which way?

Interview him about his thought processes and self-talk
Provide him with medication
Give him positive or negative feedback, depending on the desired environmental outcome
Tell him he is only trying to reach his true potential, and counsel him in an effort to find this.

Correct Answer

A. Interview him about his thought processes and self-talk

Explanation

A Cognitive Psychologist would approach therapy for Mark by interviewing him about his thought processes and self-talk. This approach is based on the belief that anxiety is caused by distorted or negative thought patterns, and by understanding and challenging these thoughts, individuals can learn to manage their anxiety. By interviewing Mark, the psychologist can gain insight into his thought processes and self-talk, identify any cognitive distortions, and work with him to develop healthier and more positive thinking patterns. Medication, providing feedback based on environmental outcomes, or counseling solely to help him reach his true potential are not mentioned as approaches for a Cognitive Psychologist in this scenario.

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11.

Anthony is having trouble with his colleagues. Lucky, his workplace has some psychologist on hand for any issues. Anthony decides to go and visit them. The most likely type of Psychologist the workplace has, is a/an:

Clinical psychologist
Behavioural psychologist
Organisational psychologist
Forensic psychologist

Correct Answer

A. Organisational psychologist

Explanation

Given the context of the passage, Anthony is having trouble with his colleagues at work. He decides to visit the psychologists available at his workplace to seek help for his issues. The most likely type of psychologist available in a workplace setting would be an organizational psychologist. Organizational psychologists specialize in understanding and improving workplace dynamics, communication, and relationships among colleagues. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that Anthony would visit an organizational psychologist to address his workplace-related problems.

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12.

The following are types of psychology within the biological approach: psychophysiology, neuropsychology and psychopharmocology.

True
False

Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

The statement is true because psychophysiology, neuropsychology, and psychopharmacology are all types of psychology that fall under the biological approach. Psychophysiology focuses on the relationship between the mind and body, neuropsychology studies the relationship between the brain and behavior, and psychopharmacology examines the effects of drugs on mental processes and behavior.

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Psychology Aos1 Quiz 2

The Biological approach to explaining behaviour refers to

Quiz Preview

James was the founder of dualism and Wundt was the founder of structuralism

The cognitive approach refers to

The behaviourist approach refers to

Joelene is upset and has often felt stressed. She decides to visit a Psychologist, who refers her to a Psychiatrist. Which of the reasons below is not true of Psychiatrists?

Which of the following is not a behaviourist?

An explanation of behaviour that is not based on scientific methods is called a/an

Darwin described in his text, the theory of evolution. This initial study of animals being linked at a cellular level is related to which approach in Psychology?

Freud was the founder of which approach to Psychology?

Mark is visiting a counsellor to deal with anxiety issues. A Cognitive Psychologist would approach therapy of Mark in which way?

Anthony is having trouble with his colleagues. Lucky, his workplace has some psychologist on hand for any issues. Anthony decides to go and visit them. The most likely type of Psychologist the workplace has, is a/an:

The following are types of psychology within the biological approach: psychophysiology, neuropsychology and psychopharmocology.