History Of Psychology

To better understand current beliefs

To better understand underlying assumptions

To better understand current beliefs and underlying assumptions

To better understand ourselves

Socrates

King Psamtik of Egypt

Galen

Vesalius

Gall

Let out the demons

Release pressure of unbalanced bodily humours

Allow brain to pulsate

All of the above

Human behaviour follows lawful patterns

The choices we make are beyond our control so we act in an ordained way

Antisocial personality disorder is as a direct result of abusive parents

For everything that happens, nothing else could happen, in other words any action gathers reaction

All of the above

REASON, so, behaviour results from multiple causes

The socratic method "getting to the basis of truth"

Debates between individuals with OPPOSING views based on ASKING and ANSWERING RATIONAL questions to stimulate RATIONAL thinking and to ILLUMINATE ideas and OBJECTIVE truth

The unexamined life is not worth living.

All of the above

Plato was a student of Socrates

Plate introduced the term 'psyche' or essence of who you are

The psyche works as a whole

You can only know reality by reason, therefore a RATIONALIST

If the psyche is imbalanced, so APPETITIVE dominates over RATIONAL, then mental disorder comes

Your soul is inextricably linked to your body

Psyche is interdependent with the body

You can only know reality by conducting experiments, therefore an EMPIRICIST

Opposed Democritus's views

All of the above

Like the Egyptions believed the heart was treated with reverence after death

Like Aristotle, thought the heart was the seat of the intellect

Believe we think with our hearts

All of the above

Galen was the first to believe we think with our heads

Galen assigned mental function to the ventricles

Because he studied humans, Vesalius was the first to think the brain is responsible for thought

Descartes thought the pineal gland controlled all voluntary behaviour and higher cognitive function

Unlike Socrates and Plato, Descartes wasnt a rationalist and didn't see a problem with the mind-body dualism

Build a logical argument

Conduct observations to confirm

Begin in doubt

Resolve Doubt

The mind is separate from the body

Founded phrenology

Convinced the science community that the brain is the organ of the mind

Believed different parts of the brain carry out different cognitive and behavioural functions

Incorrectly theorized a relationship between brain anatomy and function

All of the above

Wundt founded the first psychological laboratory.

Wundt used scientific methods to study the nature of human consciousness, using experimentation and introspection.

Wundt was involved in much ground breaking research on SENSATION, PERCEPTION and REACTION TIMES

Wundt tested REFLEX ACTIVITY in the frog, INHIBITORY ACTIVITY in the nervous system and ASSOCIATION AREAS in the brain.

All of the above.

One of the key techniques developed and used by Wundt and his colleagues

Believed to be the process of reflecting on yourself reporting your conscious experience

Thinking about others predominantly

Trained his participants very carefully

The observer must know when the exp begins and ends

Not necessary for the observer to maintain strained attention

Not necessary for the phenomenon to bear repetition

Not necessary for the phenomenon to be capable of variation

Functionalism

Introspection

Structuralism

Rationalsim

None of the above

Wundt

Titchener

Descartes

James

All of the above

Raw material of psychology is experience, based on the perspective of the experiencing person

Sensations and feelings formed the basic elements of consciousness

Sensations and feelings can combine to form a meaningful percept

More complex representations can be developed by focusing attention

In explaining NOT describing the basic elements of consciousness

The scientific study of psychology should be like that of any other natural phenomena

In isolating the basic elements

In understanding how they are related

Being able to replicate their findings

All of the above

Quality

Intensity

Clearness

Duration

Texture

Titchener favoured introspection as the means to which observe phenomena

His study is limited to the study of normal human beings

Titchener was interested in REASONING about other species and humans by ANALOGY

HE believed we must grant the highest vertebrae MINDS

From a structuralist perspective, consciousness CANNOT be brokem down into a series of composite elements.

William James was an experimentalist.

James reflected upon mental life, drawing upon the experimental findings of others

James was one of the founders of FNCTIONALISM

He believed psychology could use animals and children to gain knowledge, unlike structuralism.

Functionalism formed as a reaction against structuralism

Sought to explain the mental processes in a more systematic and accurate manner than structuralism

Emphasizes the purpose of consciousness and behaviour, rather than focusing on the elements

Believes that consciousness exists to serve a function

Believes the job of the psychologist is to understand the function of consciousness

All of the above

Believe consciousness is NOT a separable thing or brain state

Don't believe that conscious activities result from a brain at work in a given environment

Care about the structure & the function of consciousness

Doesnt emphasize the purpose of consciousness and behaviour in helping us adapt to the environment

None of the above