History Of Psychology
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Why study psychology? Ancient Greeks The Romans Renaissance Gall and phrenology
- 1.Why study historical foundations of psychology?
- A.
To better understand current beliefs
- B.
To better understand underlying assumptions
- C.
To better understand current beliefs and underlying assumptions
- D.
To better understand ourselves
- 2.Who conducted the first psychological experiment?
- A.
Socrates
- B.
King Psamtik of Egypt
- C.
Galen
- D.
Vesalius
- E.
Gall
- 3.Trepanation was used 7000 yrs ago to:
- A.
Let out the demons
- B.
Release pressure of unbalanced bodily humours
- C.
Allow brain to pulsate
- D.
All of the above
- 4.Democritus was famous for inventing 'determinism' which believes:
- A.
Human behaviour follows lawful patterns
- B.
The choices we make are beyond our control so we act in an ordained way
- C.
Antisocial personality disorder is as a direct result of abusive parents
- D.
For everything that happens, nothing else could happen, in other words any action gathers reaction
- E.
All of the above
- 5.Socrates was among the first to propose a scientific approach to psychology, emphasizing:
- A.
REASON, so, behaviour results from multiple causes
- B.
The socratic method "getting to the basis of truth"
- C.
Debates between individuals with OPPOSING views based on ASKING and ANSWERING RATIONAL questions to stimulate RATIONAL thinking and to ILLUMINATE ideas and OBJECTIVE truth
- D.
The unexamined life is not worth living.
- E.
All of the above
- 6.Which one of the following is FALSE?
- A.
Plato was a student of Socrates
- B.
Plate introduced the term 'psyche' or essence of who you are
- C.
The psyche works as a whole
- D.
You can only know reality by reason, therefore a RATIONALIST
- E.
If the psyche is imbalanced, so APPETITIVE dominates over RATIONAL, then mental disorder comes
- 7.Aristotle was a student of Platos who believed:
- A.
Your soul is inextricably linked to your body
- B.
Psyche is interdependent with the body
- C.
You can only know reality by conducting experiments, therefore an EMPIRICIST
- D.
Opposed Democritus's views
- E.
All of the above
- 8.Cardiocentrists:
- A.
Like the Egyptions believed the heart was treated with reverence after death
- B.
Like Aristotle, thought the heart was the seat of the intellect
- C.
Believe we think with our hearts
- D.
All of the above
- 9.Which of the following is FALSE?
- A.
Galen was the first to believe we think with our heads
- B.
Galen assigned mental function to the ventricles
- C.
Because he studied humans, Vesalius was the first to think the brain is responsible for thought
- D.
Descartes thought the pineal gland controlled all voluntary behaviour and higher cognitive function
- E.
Unlike Socrates and Plato, Descartes wasnt a rationalist and didn't see a problem with the mind-body dualism
- 10.Which one of the follwoing doesn't belong in Descarted Rational Process:
- A.
Build a logical argument
- B.
Conduct observations to confirm
- C.
Begin in doubt
- D.
Resolve Doubt
- E.
The mind is separate from the body
- 11.Gall was an anatomist and physiologist who:
- A.
Founded phrenology
- B.
Convinced the science community that the brain is the organ of the mind
- C.
Believed different parts of the brain carry out different cognitive and behavioural functions
- D.
Incorrectly theorized a relationship between brain anatomy and function
- E.
All of the above
- 12.Which of the following is FALSE?
- A.
Wundt founded the first psychological laboratory.
- B.
Wundt used scientific methods to study the nature of human consciousness, using experimentation and introspection.
- C.
Wundt was involved in much ground breaking research on SENSATION, PERCEPTION and REACTION TIMES
- D.
Wundt tested REFLEX ACTIVITY in the frog, INHIBITORY ACTIVITY in the nervous system and ASSOCIATION AREAS in the brain.
- E.
All of the above.
- 13.Introspection was:
- A.
One of the key techniques developed and used by Wundt and his colleagues
- B.
Believed to be the process of reflecting on yourself reporting your conscious experience
- C.
Thinking about others predominantly
- D.
Trained his participants very carefully
- 14.Wundts method of testing introspection was very well controlled, involving:
- A.
The observer must know when the exp begins and ends
- B.
Not necessary for the observer to maintain strained attention
- C.
Not necessary for the phenomenon to bear repetition
- D.
Not necessary for the phenomenon to be capable of variation
- 15.Wundt's student Titchener, further developed introspection, and liking particularly the structure of consciousness, developed a new school of thought:
- A.
Functionalism
- B.
Introspection
- C.
Structuralism
- D.
Rationalsim
- E.
None of the above
- 16.Who argues that all sciences have the same sort of subject matter:
- A.
Wundt
- B.
Titchener
- C.
Descartes
- D.
James
- E.
All of the above
- 17.Titchener believed:
- A.
Raw material of psychology is experience, based on the perspective of the experiencing person
- B.
Sensations and feelings formed the basic elements of consciousness
- C.
Sensations and feelings can combine to form a meaningful percept
- D.
More complex representations can be developed by focusing attention
- E.
In explaining NOT describing the basic elements of consciousness
- 18.Structuralists believe:
- A.
The scientific study of psychology should be like that of any other natural phenomena
- B.
In isolating the basic elements
- C.
In understanding how they are related
- D.
Being able to replicate their findings
- E.
All of the above
- 19.Titchener's structuralism proposed that all sensations had 4 properties, of which one of the following isnt one;
- A.
Quality
- B.
Intensity
- C.
Clearness
- D.
Duration
- E.
Texture
- 20.Which one of the following is FALSE?
- A.
Titchener favoured introspection as the means to which observe phenomena
- B.
His study is limited to the study of normal human beings
- C.
Titchener was interested in REASONING about other species and humans by ANALOGY
- D.
HE believed we must grant the highest vertebrae MINDS
- E.
From a structuralist perspective, consciousness CANNOT be brokem down into a series of composite elements.
- 21.Which of the following is FALSE?
- A.
William James was an experimentalist.
- B.
James reflected upon mental life, drawing upon the experimental findings of others
- C.
James was one of the founders of FNCTIONALISM
- D.
He believed psychology could use animals and children to gain knowledge, unlike structuralism.
- E.
Functionalism formed as a reaction against structuralism
- 22.Functionalism:
- A.
Sought to explain the mental processes in a more systematic and accurate manner than structuralism
- B.
Emphasizes the purpose of consciousness and behaviour, rather than focusing on the elements
- C.
Believes that consciousness exists to serve a function
- D.
Believes the job of the psychologist is to understand the function of consciousness
- E.
All of the above
- 23.Functionalists:
- A.
Believe consciousness is NOT a separable thing or brain state
- B.
Don't believe that conscious activities result from a brain at work in a given environment
- C.
Care about the structure & the function of consciousness
- D.
Doesnt emphasize the purpose of consciousness and behaviour in helping us adapt to the environment
- E.
None of the above
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