1.
Computational thinking is
Correct Answer
D. Logically solving problems
Explanation
Computational thinking refers to the ability to approach problems in a logical and systematic way, breaking them down into smaller steps and analyzing them. It involves identifying patterns, formulating algorithms, and using logical reasoning to solve problems. While programming and coding are related to computational thinking, they are not the same. Computational thinking is a broader concept that encompasses the ability to think and solve problems like a computer, rather than just the act of writing code. Therefore, the correct answer is logically solving problems.
2.
Which of these is an example of abstraction?
Correct Answer
A. Use a pre-written library of procedures and functions to perform operations such as sorting and searching.
Explanation
Abstraction in programming involves using pre-written libraries, functions, or procedures to hide complex implementation details and provide a high-level interface for performing tasks without needing to understand the inner workings. It allows developers to work with higher-level concepts and tools without delving into the low-level details of how those operations are carried out.
3.
What is _______ taking a complex problem and breaking it down into a series of small more manageable problems called?
Correct Answer
A. Decomposition
Explanation
Decomposition is the process of breaking down a complex problem into a series of smaller, more manageable problems. This allows for easier problem-solving as each small problem can be tackled individually. Abstraction refers to the process of simplifying a problem by removing unnecessary details. Pattern recognition involves identifying similarities or patterns in data or information. Algorithms are step-by-step procedures or instructions for solving a problem.
4.
What is __________ problems looked at individually, considering how similar problems have been solved previously called?
Correct Answer
C. Pattern Recognition
Explanation
Pattern recognition refers to the process of identifying similarities and patterns among different problems or situations. It involves analyzing how similar problems have been solved previously and applying those solutions to new problems. This approach allows for the decomposition of complex problems into smaller, more manageable parts, and the abstraction of general principles or patterns that can be applied across different contexts. Therefore, pattern recognition is the most suitable term to describe the process of looking at problems individually and considering how similar problems have been solved previously.
5.
What is _______ focusing only on the important details, while ignoring irrelevant information called?
Correct Answer
B. Abstraction
Explanation
Abstraction is the process of focusing only on the important details while ignoring irrelevant information. It involves simplifying complex systems or concepts by breaking them down into more manageable and understandable parts. By abstracting, we can create models or representations that capture the essential features of the system or concept, making it easier to analyze and work with. This allows us to focus on the key aspects and disregard unnecessary details, leading to more efficient problem-solving and decision-making.
6.
What is _______ simple steps or rules to solve each of the smaller problems can be designed called?
Correct Answer
D. Algorithms
Explanation
Algorithms are a set of simple steps or rules that are designed to solve smaller problems. They provide a systematic approach to problem-solving by breaking down complex tasks into manageable steps. Algorithms help in organizing and structuring the problem-solving process, making it easier to understand and implement. They are used in various fields, including mathematics, computer science, and everyday life, to efficiently solve problems and achieve desired outcomes.
7.
Decomposition makes problems ___________.
Correct Answer(s)
C. Easier to understand
D. More manageable
Explanation
Decomposition is a problem-solving technique that involves breaking down a complex problem into smaller, more manageable parts. By doing so, it becomes easier to understand and analyze each individual component, leading to a better understanding of the overall problem. Additionally, decomposing a problem makes it more manageable as it allows for a step-by-step approach to solving it, focusing on one component at a time. Therefore, the correct answer is "Easier to understand, More manageable."
8.
Which of these are pillars of computational thinking?
Correct Answer(s)
A. Decomposition: Breaking down data, processes, or problems into smaller, manageable parts
B. Abstraction: Identifying the most important details and discarding the unimportant aspects to make the solution manageable
D. Pattern Recognition: Observing patterns, trends, and regularities in data
E. Algorithm Design: Developing the step by step instructions for solving this and similar problems
Explanation
The pillars of computational thinking include decomposition, abstraction, pattern recognition, and algorithm design. Decomposition involves breaking down data, processes, or problems into smaller, more manageable parts. Abstraction involves identifying the most important details and discarding the unimportant aspects to make the solution manageable. Pattern recognition is the ability to observe patterns, trends, and regularities in data. Algorithm design is the process of developing step-by-step instructions for solving a problem and similar problems. These pillars are essential in computational thinking as they help in problem-solving and developing efficient solutions.
9.
Pattern recognition involves finding what 2 things among small, decomposed problems?
Correct Answer(s)
A. Patterns
D. Similarities
Explanation
Pattern recognition involves finding patterns and similarities among small, decomposed problems. By identifying commonalities and recurring patterns, one can gain insights and solve larger, complex problems more effectively. Recognizing patterns helps in understanding the underlying structure and relationships between different elements, which can be applied to various domains such as mathematics, science, and computer programming.
10.
The more patterns we can find, the _____________ and _______________ it will be to solve our problem. (pick all correct answers).
Correct Answer(s)
B. Easier
C. Quicker
Explanation
The more patterns we can find, the easier and quicker it will be to solve our problem. Identifying patterns helps us understand the underlying structure and relationships, making the problem-solving process more efficient. Therefore, the correct answers are "easier" and "quicker".
11.
Which of these is an example of decomposition?
Correct Answer(s)
A. Break a program into procedures and functions
D. Break a complex problem into modules using top down design
E. Subdividing a problem into smaller tasks that different teams can work on independently.
Explanation
Decomposition refers to breaking down a complex problem or program into smaller, more manageable parts. This allows for easier understanding, organization, and implementation of the overall solution. The answer choices "Break a program into procedures and functions," "Break a complex problem into modules using top down design," and "Subdividing a problem into smaller tasks that different teams can work on independently" all describe decomposition as they involve dividing a larger entity into smaller components or tasks.
12.
Which of these is an example of abstraction?
Correct Answer(s)
A. The layers in a network protocol stack
B. Use a pre-written library of procedures and functions to perform operations such as sorting and searching.
C. Ignore the colour of a player token in a snakes ladder game model.
Explanation
Abstraction is the process of simplifying complex systems by focusing on the essential details and hiding unnecessary information. The layers in a network protocol stack demonstrate abstraction as each layer provides a specific set of functionalities while hiding the implementation details of the layers below. Using a pre-written library of procedures and functions for sorting and searching is also an example of abstraction as it allows the programmer to use these operations without needing to know the underlying algorithms. Ignoring the color of a player token in a snakes ladder game model is another example of abstraction as it focuses on the gameplay mechanics rather than the visual appearance.
13.
Which of these are true about algorithms?
Correct Answer(s)
D. The lowest level of the algorithm can be expressed any way as long as the instruction/step is clear and can be treated as a simple computational process.
E. Algorithms are about expressing thinking steps not syntax
Explanation
Algorithms are a set of steps or instructions that solve a problem or perform a specific task. The lowest level of an algorithm refers to the individual steps or instructions, and it can be expressed in any way as long as it is clear and can be treated as a simple computational process. This means that the specific syntax or programming language used to write the algorithm is not important as long as the steps are understandable. Algorithms are primarily focused on expressing the thinking steps or logic required to solve a problem, rather than the syntax or specific programming language used.
14.
Which of the following is not a component of computational thinking?
Correct Answer
D. Typing
Explanation
Typing is not a component of computational thinking because it refers to the physical act of inputting text or commands into a computer or device. Computational thinking, on the other hand, involves problem-solving skills and strategies that allow individuals to approach complex problems in a logical and systematic way. The other options listed - abstraction, decomposition, pattern recognition/generalizing, and algorithmic thinking - are all key components of computational thinking as they involve breaking down problems, identifying patterns, and developing step-by-step solutions.
15.
Define the term abstraction within computational thinking.
Correct Answer
B. Representing real world problems in a computer program, using symbols and removing unnecessary element
Explanation
Abstraction within computational thinking refers to the process of representing real-world problems in a computer program by using symbols and removing unnecessary elements. It involves simplifying complex problems by focusing on the essential elements and disregarding irrelevant details. This allows for a more efficient and manageable representation of problems in a computer program, making it easier to analyze and solve them. Abstraction helps in breaking down complex problems into smaller, more manageable components, enabling effective problem-solving and algorithm design.
16.
What is a FLOWCHART?
Correct Answer
A. A visual representation of an algorithm.
Explanation
A flowchart is a visual representation of an algorithm, which means it is a graphical representation of a set of instructions or steps to solve a problem or complete a task. It uses different shapes and symbols to represent different actions or decisions and shows the flow of control or sequence of events. By using arrows and connecting lines, a flowchart allows users to understand the logical flow of a process, making it easier to analyze, communicate, and improve the algorithm or procedure being represented.
17.
What does an arrow represent in a FLOWCHART?
Correct Answer
B. Data flow
Explanation
An arrow in a flowchart represents the direction of data flow. It indicates the movement of information or data from one process or step to another. In a flowchart, data flow arrows show the path that data takes as it moves through different processes or decision points. This helps to visualize the sequence and flow of data within a system or process.
18.
A school database has lots of information on students, the data manager needs to use abstraction? What data should she leave out?
Correct Answer
D. Eye colour
Explanation
The data manager should leave out eye color because it is not relevant or necessary for managing the school database. The age of the students, their classes, and their guardian's phone numbers are likely more important and useful information for the database. Eye color does not have any direct impact on the management or functioning of the school database, so it can be considered unnecessary and left out to simplify and streamline the database.