1.
Which is the primary goal of community health nursing?
Correct Answer
B. To enhance the capacity of individuals, families and communities to cope with their health needs
Explanation
Community health nursing aims to empower individuals, families, and communities to manage and improve their health. Nurses collaborate with communities to identify health needs, develop strategies for health promotion and disease prevention, and provide education and support for healthy lifestyles. By working closely with community members, nurses help build resilience and promote overall well-being at the grassroots level, emphasizing holistic care and prevention.
2.
CHN is a community-based practice. Which best explains this statement?
Correct Answer
A. The service is provided in the natural environment of people.
Explanation
Community Health Nursing (CHN) focuses on delivering healthcare services within the community, where people live, work, and engage in their daily activities. This approach ensures that health interventions are more accessible, culturally appropriate, and tailored to the specific needs of the population in their natural environment. While the other options are important aspects of CHN, the essence of being "community-based" emphasizes providing care directly within the community setting.
3.
Population-focused nursing practice requires which of the following processes?
Correct Answer
C. Community diagnosis
Explanation
Population-focused nursing practice involves assessing the health needs of entire populations or specific groups within a community. Community diagnosis is a crucial process within population-focused nursing practice, as it involves systematically identifying the health needs, strengths, and resources of a community through data collection, analysis, and interpretation. Community diagnosis allows nurses to understand the health status and health-related issues affecting a population, which in turn informs the development of targeted interventions and programs aimed at improving health outcomes. By engaging in community diagnosis, nurses can effectively prioritize health issues, allocate resources, and implement evidence-based strategies to address the needs of the population they serve. This process is essential for promoting health equity, reducing health disparities, and improving the overall health and well-being of communities.
4.
Which of the following is a primary focus of community health nursing?
Correct Answer
C. Promoting health and preventing disease in populations
Explanation
Community health nursing focuses on promoting health, preventing disease, and enhancing the well-being of entire populations rather than just treating individual patients in a clinical setting. Community health nurses work in various environments, including schools, homes, and community centers, with the goal of educating the public, improving access to healthcare, and implementing public health programs. Unlike hospital-based nurses who primarily treat individual patients, community health nurses emphasize disease prevention, health promotion, and outreach to vulnerable populations to improve overall community health.
5.
A business firm must employ an occupational health nurse when it has at least how many employees?
Correct Answer
C. 101
Explanation
A business firm is required to employ an occupational health nurse when it has at least 101 employees. This requirement ensures that the health and safety of workers are monitored and managed effectively, promoting a safe work environment. Occupational health nurses play a crucial role in preventing workplace injuries and illnesses, providing medical care, and promoting overall employee well-being. This regulation helps maintain a healthy and productive workforce.
6.
When the occupational health nurse employs ergonomic principles, she is performing which of her roles?
Correct Answer
D. Environmental manager
Explanation
When the occupational health nurse employs ergonomic principles, she is acting in her role as an Environmental Manager. Ergonomics involves designing the workplace environment to fit the needs of the workers, reducing the risk of injuries and musculoskeletal disorders. Occupational health nurses who utilize ergonomic principles assess workplace conditions, identify potential ergonomic hazards, and implement interventions to promote a safer and more comfortable work environment. By managing the environmental factors that impact worker health and safety, occupational health nurses contribute to preventing workplace injuries and improving overall well-being.
7.
A garment factory does not have an occupational nurse. Who shall provide the occupational health needs of the factory workers?
Correct Answer
C. Public health nurse of the RHU of their municipality
Explanation
If a garment factory does not have an occupational nurse, the responsibility for providing occupational health services typically falls on the Public Health Nurse of the Rural Health Unit (RHU) of the workers' municipality. Public health nurses employed by the RHU are trained to address various health needs within the community, including occupational health concerns. They may conduct health assessments, provide health education and promotion activities, and offer basic healthcare services to workers in the absence of an occupational nurse. While the occupational health nurse is the ideal professional for addressing workplace health issues, especially those specific to the industry, public health nurses can still play a crucial role in promoting worker health and safety within the community. Their involvement ensures that workers have access to essential health services and support, even if specialized occupational health professionals are not available on-site.
8.
“Public health services are given free of charge.” Is this statement true or false?
Correct Answer
B. The statement is false; people pay indirectly for public health services.
Explanation
The statement, "Public health services are given free of charge," can be generally considered false, as people often pay indirectly for these services through various means. Although some public health services may be provided at no direct cost to the recipient, they are typically funded by taxes, government subsidies, or other public funding mechanisms. For example, services like vaccinations, disease prevention programs, and health screenings might be offered free of charge at the point of access, but the costs are covered by public funding. Furthermore, in some cases, individuals may be required to pay a portion of the costs for certain public health services, depending on the specific policies of the government or health care system involved. In summary, while some public health services may be provided at no direct cost to individuals, it is not accurate to state that all such services are always free of charge.
9.
According to C.E.Winslow, which of the following is the goal of Public Health?
Correct Answer
A. For people to attain their birthrights of health and longevity
Explanation
According to C. E. Winslow, a prominent figure in public health, the goal of Public Health is "for people to attain their birthrights of health and longevity." This statement emphasizes the fundamental right of every individual to achieve the highest possible level of physical and mental well-being. It underscores the importance of public health efforts in promoting health, preventing disease, and extending the healthy years of life for all members of society.
10.
We say that a Filipino has attained longevity when he is able to reach the average lifespan of Filipinos. What other statistic may be used to determine attainment of longevity?
Correct Answer
C. Swaroop’s index
Explanation
To determine the attainment of longevity, Swaroop’s index can be used. Swaroop’s index measures the proportion of deaths that occur in individuals aged 50 years and older in a population. A higher Swaroop’s index indicates better longevity in the population, as it implies that more people are living to older ages.
11.
Which of the following is the most prominent feature of public health nursing?
Correct Answer
D. Public health nursing focuses on preventive, not curative, services.
Explanation
Public health nursing focuses on preventive, not curative, services.
The catchment area in PHN consists of a residential community, many of whom are well individuals who have greater need for preventive rather than curative services.
12.
According to Margaret Shetland, the philosophy of public health nursing is based on which of the following?
Correct Answer
D. The worth and dignity of man
Explanation
According to Margaret Shetland, the philosophy of public health nursing centers on recognizing and upholding the worth and dignity of every individual. This foundational principle emphasizes the importance of respecting and promoting the well-being of all people within the context of public health initiatives and nursing practice.
13.
Which of the following is the mission of the Department of Health?
Correct Answer
C. Ensure the accessibility and quality of health care
Explanation
The mission of the Department of Health in the Philippines is to ensure the accessibility and quality of health care. This mission focuses on providing equitable access to quality health services for all Filipinos, which is central to their mandate and goals.
14.
Region IV Hospital is classified as what level of facility?
Correct Answer
D. Tertiary
Explanation
Region IV Hospital is likely to be classified as a tertiary healthcare facility. Tertiary care hospitals are specialized medical centers that provide advanced, complex, and comprehensive medical services to patients with serious or complex health conditions. These facilities are equipped with modern medical technology and staffed by highly skilled healthcare professionals who are trained to handle complex medical cases requiring specialized care. Tertiary care hospitals often serve as referral centers for patients requiring specialized treatment or procedures that are not available at primary or secondary healthcare facilities.
15.
Which is true of primary facilities?
Correct Answer
B. Their services are provided on an out-patient basis.
Explanation
A primary health care facility is characterized by providing essential health care services on an outpatient basis. These facilities serve as the first point of contact for individuals seeking medical care within a community. They offer a range of services, including health promotion, disease prevention, and basic medical care for common illnesses. Primary health care facilities are often located in the community, making them easily accessible to individuals and families. They play a crucial role in promoting health and well-being, identifying health problems early, and referring patients to specialized care when necessary.
16.
Which is an example of the school nurse’s health care provider functions?
Correct Answer
B. Conducting random classroom inspection during a measles epidemic
Explanation
One example of a school nurse's health care provider function is conducting classroom inspections during a measles epidemic. Ensuring that schools are safe and healthy environments is a critical role for school nurses, especially during disease outbreaks.In the event of a measles epidemic, a school nurse's responsibilities might include:1. Identifying and monitoring students who may have been exposed to the virus2. Conducting health assessments to check for symptoms of measles3. Collaborating with local health authorities to implement control measures, such as isolation and quarantine4. Educating students, teachers, and staff about measles, its symptoms, and preventive measures5. Identifying and addressing potential risk factors within the school environment that could contribute to the spread of the virusBy conducting classroom inspections and taking appropriate actions, the school nurse can help prevent the spread of measles within the school and protect the health of the students and staff. This is just one example of the many important roles that school nurses play in promoting health and safety within the school community.
17.
When the nurse determines whether resources were maximized in implementing Ligtas Tigdas, she is evaluating
Correct Answer
B. Efficiency
Explanation
When a nurse assesses whether resources were utilized to their fullest potential in implementing Ligtas Tigdas (a measles prevention program), she is evaluating the efficiency of the program. Efficiency refers to the optimal use of resources, such as time, money, and effort, to achieve the desired outcomes. In the context of Ligtas Tigdas, the nurse would evaluate whether the program's resources were managed effectively to maximize its impact and achieve its goals.
18.
You are a new B.S.N. graduate. You want to become a Public Health Nurse. Where will you apply?
Correct Answer
D. Rural Health Unit
Explanation
As a new B.S.N. graduate seeking to become a Public Health Nurse, you would typically apply to a Rural Health Unit (RHU).In the Philippines, Rural Health Units are local public health offices responsible for providing primary health care services to communities in rural areas. These units are often the first point of contact for individuals seeking medical care in their respective communities.By applying to a Rural Health Unit, you can gain valuable experience in providing essential public health services, such as:1. Health education and promotion2. Disease prevention and control3. Maternal and child health services4. Nutrition programs5. Immunization and vaccination services6. Basic clinical and laboratory services7. Referrals to secondary and tertiary care facilitiesWorking at a Rural Health Unit provides an excellent opportunity for new B.S.N. graduates to develop their skills and knowledge in public health nursing. It also allows them to contribute to improving the health and well-being of underserved communities.In addition to Rural Health Units, you can also explore opportunities in other public health settings, such as city or municipal health offices, provincial health offices, or national agencies like the Department of Health (DOH).
19.
R.A. 7160 mandates devolution of basic services from the national government to local government units. Which of the following is the major goal of devolution?
Correct Answer
C. To empower the people and promote their self-reliance
Explanation
The major goal of devolution, as mandated by the Republic Act 7160, is to empower the people and promote their self-reliance. This is achieved by decentralizing governance and enabling local government units (LGUs) to deliver basic services that are more responsive to the needs of their respective communities. Devolution allows LGUs to have greater control over their resources and decision-making processes, which helps them to address local issues and concerns more effectively. By bringing government services closer to the people, devolution aims to improve service delivery and increase citizen participation in local governance. Ultimately, the goal of devolution is to create a more inclusive, participatory, and effective system of governance that empowers citizens and promotes their well-being.
20.
Who is the Chairman of the Municipal Health Board?
Correct Answer
A. Mayor
Explanation
In the local governance structure of the Philippines, the Mayor plays a crucial role as the Chairman of the Municipal Health Board. This position allows the Mayor to collaborate with other board members, including the Municipal Health Officer, representatives from various government agencies, and community leaders. Together, they develop and implement policies and strategies that address the health needs of the local population. Through this role, the Mayor helps ensure that public health programs and services are effectively delivered, and the municipality's health priorities are effectively addressed, promoting health and well-being at the community level.
21.
Which level of health facility is the usual point of entry of a client into the health care delivery system?
Correct Answer
A. Primary
Explanation
In the context of the Philippine healthcare system, the primary level of health facility is typically the usual point of entry for a client into the health care delivery system.Primary health care facilities, such as Rural Health Units (RHUs), Barangay Health Stations (BHS), and Health Centers, are often the first point of contact for individuals seeking medical care within their communities. These facilities provide essential public health services, including:1. Health promotion and education2. Disease prevention and control3. Maternal and child health services4. Basic clinical and laboratory services5. Nutrition programs6. Immunization and vaccination services7. Referrals to secondary and tertiary care facilities when necessaryBy providing accessible and affordable health care services, primary health care facilities play a critical role in promoting health, preventing diseases, and ensuring that individuals can receive timely and appropriate medical care when needed.
22.
The public health nurse is the supervisor of rural health midwives. Which of the following is a supervisory function of the public health nurse?
Correct Answer
B. Providing technical guidance to the midwife
Explanation
The nurse provides technical guidance to the midwife in the care of clients, particularly in the implementation of management guidelines, as in Integrated Management of Childhood Illness.
23.
One of the participants in a hilot training class asked you to whom she should refer a patient in labor who develops a complication. You will answer, to the
Correct Answer
C. Municipal Health Officer
Explanation
A public health nurse and rural health midwife can provide care during normal childbirth. A physician should attend to a woman with a complication during labor.
24.
You are the public health nurse in a municipality with a total population of about 20,000. There are 3 rural health midwives among the RHU personnel. How many more midwife items will the RHU need?
Correct Answer
A. 1
25.
If the RHU needs additional midwife items, you will submit the request for additional midwife items for approval to the
Correct Answer
A. Municipal Health Board
Explanation
In many local health systems, the Rural Health Unit (RHU) typically submits requests for additional resources, such as midwife items, to the Municipal Health Board for approval. This board oversees health programs and resource allocation at the municipal level.
26.
As an epidemiologist, the nurse is responsible for reporting cases of notifiable diseases. What law mandates reporting of cases of notifiable diseases?
Correct Answer
B. R.A. 3573
Explanation
The correct law is Republic Act No. 3573, also known as the "Law on Reporting of Communicable Diseases." This law mandates the reporting of notifiable diseases to prevent the spread of infectious diseases in the Philippines. It requires healthcare providers and the general public to report cases of communicable diseases to local health authorities to facilitate prompt investigation and control measures.
27.
According to Freeman and Heinrich, community health nursing is a developmental service. Which of the following best illustrates this statement?
Correct Answer
B. Health education and community organizing are necessary in providing community health services.
Explanation
According to Freeman and Heinrich, community health nursing is a developmental service, which means that it promotes health and well-being through continuous growth and improvement. Health education and community organizing are essential components of this process, enabling community health nursing to address the unique health needs and priorities of the communities it serves.
28.
Which disease was declared through Presidential Proclamation No. 4 as a target for eradication in the Philippines?
Correct Answer
B. Polio
Explanation
Through Presidential Proclamation No. 4, the government of the Philippines declared polio (poliomyelitis) as a target for eradication in the country. This proclamation was issued in response to the global initiative to eradicate polio, which is a highly infectious disease that can cause paralysis and even death in severe cases. By declaring polio as a target for eradication, the Philippine government has committed to implementing various strategies and interventions to eliminate the disease from the country. These efforts include mass immunization campaigns, surveillance activities to monitor the presence of the virus, and other public health interventions to prevent the spread of polio. Through collaboration between government agencies, healthcare providers, and other stakeholders, the goal is to achieve a polio-free Philippines and contribute to the global goal of eradicating this debilitating disease.
29.
The public health nurse is responsible for presenting the municipal health statistics using graphs and tables. To compare the frequency of the leading causes of mortality in the municipality, which graph will you prepare?
Correct Answer
B. Bar
Explanation
To compare the frequency of the leading causes of mortality in the municipality, the public health nurse would likely prepare a Bar graph. A Bar graph is effective for visually representing the frequency or distribution of categorical data, such as different causes of mortality. Each cause of mortality would be represented by a separate bar, and the height of each bar would correspond to the frequency or number of occurrences of that cause. This allows for easy comparison between the leading causes of mortality and helps identify any patterns or trends.
30.
Which step in community organizing involves training of potential leaders in the community?
Correct Answer
D. Core group formation
Explanation
Core group formation in community organizing involves identifying and training potential leaders within the community. These individuals are often selected based on their passion, commitment, and influence within the community. Once identified, they undergo training programs aimed at enhancing their leadership skills, communication abilities, and understanding of community organizing principles and techniques. Training of potential leaders is essential as it helps build capacity within the community to drive change, mobilize resources, and address community needs effectively. These trained leaders play a pivotal role in facilitating community meetings, organizing events, advocating for community priorities, and leading grassroots initiatives. By empowering local leaders through training and support, community organizing efforts can become more sustainable, inclusive, and impactful, ultimately leading to positive social change and community development.