The Human Body Quiz - Pituitary Gland

110 Questions | By Terrichan | Last updated: Jun 16, 2021 | Total Attempts: 1902

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The pituitary gland is a small pea-sized gland that plays a major role in regulating vital body functions and general wellbeing. It is referred to as the body's 'master gland' because it controls the activity of most other hormone-secreting glands

Questions and Answers

1.

Pituitary gland is controlled by
- A.
  
  Hypothalamus
- B.
  
  Cortex
- C.
  
  Pontine
2.

Hypothalamus connected to pituitary gland via
- A.
  
  Nerves
- B.
  
  Blood
- C.
  
  Pituitary stalk (infundibulum)
- D.
  
  No connection
3.

The pituitary gland lies in the
- A.
  
  Nasal fossa
- B.
  
  Sella turcica
- C.
  
  Infront of the medulla oblongata
4.

Which approach does the surgeon take for a pituitary gland surgery?
- A.
  
  Trans-nasal
- B.
  
  Trans-cortex
- C.
  
  Trans-rectal
- D.
  
  Trans-sphenoidal
5.

The anterior pituitary arises embryologically as an:
- A.
  
  Invagination of the roof of the pharynx (rathke's pouch)
- B.
  
  Primitive gut
- C.
  
  Primitive lung
6.

On both sides of the gland, there are sinuses called the Cavernous Venous Sinuses. These sinuses contains nerves & internal carotid artery. Which nerves are located in these sinuses?
- A.
  
  Medially: Opthalmic (3), Abducent(6) Laterally: Opthalmic & Maxillary (5)
- B.
  
  Medially: Oculomotor (3), Abducent(6) Laterally: Opthalmic & Maxillary (5)
- C.
  
  Medially: Ophthalmic (3), Abducent(6) Laterally: Oculomotor & Maxillary (5)
7.

Which nerve will be compressed 1st when a pituitary gland enlarges?
- A.
  
  Opthalmic
- B.
  
  Oculomotor
- C.
  
  Maxillary
- D.
  
  Abducent
8.

In enlargement of a pituitary gland anterior superiorly, the optic nerves will be compressed (temporal half - side view). The patient will not be able to see the sides. What condition is this called?
- A.
  
  Temporal hemionopia
- B.
  
  Semitemporal hemionopia
- C.
  
  Bitemporal hemionopia
- D.
  
  Bitemporal myopia
9.

What are the parts of the anterior pituitary?
- A.
  
  Pars distalis(pars anterior), Pars tuberalis, Pars intermedia
- B.
  
  Pars nervosa, Median eminence, infundibular stalk
10.

Which of the parts of the posterior pituitary is the connection to the hypothalamus?
- A.
  
  Pars nervosa
- B.
  
  Median eminence
- C.
  
  Infundibular stalk
11.

The pars distalis/anterior consists of 2 types of cells:
12.

Which are the secretory cells of the pars anterior?
- A.
  
  Chromophobes
- B.
  
  Chromophils
13.

There are 2 different type of chromophils (of the pars anterior), the acidophils & basophils. What does the acidophils secrete?
- A.
  
  TSH, ACTH
- B.
  
  Growth hormones & prolactin
- C.
  
  LH, FSH
- D.
  
  ICSH
14.

What does the pars intermedia (of the anterior pituitary) secrete?
- A.
  
  TSH
- B.
  
  MSH
- C.
  
  ICSH
- D.
  
  ACTH
15.

There are 2 types of nuclei in the posterior pituitary. The paraventricular nucleus and the supraoptic nuclue. Which on secretes oxytocin?
- A.
  
  Paraventricular
- B.
  
  Supraoptic
16.

Which are the hormones that are produced from amino acids?
- A.
  
  Thyroxine, serotonin
- B.
  
  Cortisol, sex hormones
17.

Which are the hormones produced from lipid? (cholesterol/steroids)
- A.
  
  TSH & TRH
- B.
  
  Somatostatin & cortisol
- C.
  
  Cortisol & sex hormone
18.

Why does steroid hormones (sex hormone & cortisol) & thyroid hormone require carrier proteins to be transported in blood?
- A.
  
  It is not target organ effective
- B.
  
  It travels slowly in blood in the free form
- C.
  
  It is insoluble in water
- D.
  
  It has a large molecular weight
19.

Which is responsible for the effects of the hormones to be seen?
- A.
  
  ATP
- B.
  
  Protein Kinase A
- C.
  
  CAMP
- D.
  
  G-protein
20.

Which hormone receptors/2nd messengers are protein kinases (phosphorylates intracellular mediators to produce action)
- A.
  
  Cyclip AMP
- B.
  
  Receptor tyrosine kinase
- C.
  
  Calcium
- D.
  
  Phosphoinositides
- E.
  
  Cyclic GMP
21.

Which of these hormones have a receptor that is a protein kinase?
- A.
  
  Epinephrine
- B.
  
  ADH
- C.
  
  Insulin
22.

Which hormone will be able to diffuse thru the cell membrane by simple diffusion?
- A.
  
  Thyroid hormone
- B.
  
  Steroid hormone
- C.
  
  Growth hormone
23.

Which hormone has a positive feedback mechanism
- A.
  
  Oxytocin
- B.
  
  LH
- C.
  
  FSH
- D.
  
  ADH
24.

Growth hormone is controlled by a diurnal rhythm. When during the day GH is high in amount?
- A.
  
  During sleep
- B.
  
  After waking up
- C.
  
  During 1st few hours of deep sleep
- D.
  
  During strenous exercise
25.

When during the day ACTH & Cortisol are high in amount?
- A.
  
  After waking up
- B.
  
  Last few hours before waking up
- C.
  
  During sleep
- D.
  
  Before sleeping

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