Human A&p 2 - Endocrine System
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_____ + _____ = Gonadotrophins
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PRH
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LH
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ACTH
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FSH
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CRH
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GNH
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About This Quiz
This quiz on Human Anatomy & Physiology 2 focuses on the Endocrine System, exploring hormone functions, endocrine glands, and neuroendocrine interactions. It assesses understanding of hormone-mediated metabolic regulation, glandular structures, and systemic hormonal effects, essential for students of advanced biology.
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- 2.
___________ includes sex hormones and is mostly androgens (testosterone). Insignificant, however to the amounts made by gonads. May play a role in the onset of puberty and in women, may be involved in sex drive.
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Mineralocorticoids
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Glucocorticoids
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Cortisol
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Gonadocorticoids
Correct Answer
A. GonadocorticoidsExplanation
Gonadocorticoids include sex hormones, primarily androgens such as testosterone. While the amounts produced by the gonads are more significant, gonadocorticoids may still play a role in the onset of puberty. In women, they may also be involved in sex drive.Rate this question:
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- 3.
TSH stands for ____________
Correct Answer
thyroid stimulating hormoneExplanation
TSH stands for thyroid stimulating hormone. This hormone is produced by the pituitary gland and plays a crucial role in regulating the production and release of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. TSH stimulates the growth and function of the thyroid gland, ensuring that it produces an adequate amount of thyroid hormones to maintain overall metabolic balance in the body.Rate this question:
- 4.
Secretes Melatonin
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Adrenal
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Pituitary
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Pineal
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Parathyroid
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Thyroid
Correct Answer
A. PinealExplanation
The pineal gland secretes melatonin. Melatonin is a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles and is involved in the body's internal clock. The pineal gland is located in the brain and is responsible for producing and releasing melatonin in response to darkness. Melatonin levels increase at night, signaling to the body that it is time to sleep, and decrease during the day, promoting wakefulness.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus via the
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Infundamentium
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Infundulobe
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Infundibulum
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Infundialum
Correct Answer
A. InfundibulumExplanation
The correct answer is "Infundibulum." The pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus through a stalk-like structure called the infundibulum. The infundibulum acts as a bridge between the two structures, allowing for communication and the transfer of hormones.Rate this question:
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- 6.
________ gland is located in the anterior trachea just below the larynx.
Correct Answer
ThyroidExplanation
The thyroid gland is located in the anterior trachea just below the larynx. It is responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development in the body. The placement of the thyroid gland in this specific location allows it to have direct access to the trachea and larynx, enabling it to efficiently release its hormones into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body.Rate this question:
- 7.
The anterior pituitary
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Stores hormones
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Releases hormones
Correct Answer
A. Releases hormonesExplanation
The anterior pituitary is a gland located in the brain that is responsible for releasing hormones into the bloodstream. These hormones play a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction. Therefore, the correct answer is "releases hormones."Rate this question:
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- 8.
Secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine into blood, is sympathetic nervous tissue, activated by sudden stress, produced fight-or-flight response
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Adrenal Cortex
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Adrenal Medulla
Correct Answer
A. Adrenal MedullaExplanation
The adrenal medulla is responsible for secreting epinephrine and norepinephrine into the blood. It is a sympathetic nervous tissue that is activated by sudden stress and produces the fight-or-flight response.Rate this question:
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- 9.
- Large in infants and children
- shrinks with age and becomes adipose and connective tissue
- involved in producing T cells and the immune system
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Adipose
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Thymus
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Heart
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Kidney
Correct Answer
A. ThymusExplanation
The thymus is an organ that is large in infants and children and shrinks with age. As it shrinks, it is replaced by adipose (fat) tissue and connective tissue. The thymus is involved in producing T cells, which are a type of white blood cell that plays a key role in the immune system. Therefore, the correct answer is Thymus.Rate this question:
- 10.
The Pituitary Gland is also called the
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Hypopitus
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Hypophysis
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Hypothesus
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Hypoxitis
Correct Answer
A. HypophysisExplanation
The correct answer is Hypophysis. The Pituitary Gland is commonly known as the Hypophysis. It is a small gland located at the base of the brain and is often referred to as the "master gland" because it plays a crucial role in regulating various bodily functions. The Pituitary Gland produces and releases hormones that control the activities of other endocrine glands in the body, influencing growth, metabolism, reproduction, and many other essential processes.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Regulates electrolyte concentrations, particularly sodium and potassium
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Corticosteroids
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Glucocorticoids
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Mineralocorticoids
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Gonadocortcoids
Correct Answer
A. MineralocorticoidsExplanation
Mineralocorticoids are a type of corticosteroids that regulate electrolyte concentrations, especially sodium and potassium. They are produced in the adrenal cortex and play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of these electrolytes in the body. Sodium and potassium are essential for various bodily functions, including nerve and muscle function, fluid balance, and blood pressure regulation. Mineralocorticoids help in reabsorbing sodium and excreting potassium in the kidneys, thus controlling their levels in the body. This regulation is vital for maintaining overall health and proper functioning of the body's systems.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The most important ________ is cortisol (hydrocortisone), cortisone, and corticosterone.
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Mineralocorticoid
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Glucocorticoid
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Gonadocorticoid
Correct Answer
A. GlucocorticoidExplanation
Cortisol, cortisone, and corticosterone are all types of glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids are a group of steroid hormones that are produced by the adrenal glands. They play a crucial role in regulating various processes in the body, including metabolism, immune response, and stress response. Cortisol, in particular, is often referred to as the "stress hormone" because it is released in response to stress and helps the body cope with it. Therefore, glucocorticoids, including cortisol, cortisone, and corticosterone, are the most important hormones in this group.Rate this question:
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- 13.
_____ is produced by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland
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T3
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T4
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Calcitonin
Correct Answer
A. CalcitoninExplanation
Calcitonin is a hormone produced by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland. It helps to regulate calcium levels in the body by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts, which are responsible for breaking down bone tissue. This hormone plays a crucial role in maintaining bone health and preventing excessive calcium release into the bloodstream.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Produced by Anterior Pituitary. Major target is Bones and Skeletal Muscle. Nontrophic.
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TSH
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ACTH
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LH
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GH
Correct Answer
A. GHExplanation
GH stands for Growth Hormone and is produced by the Anterior Pituitary gland. Its major target is Bones and Skeletal Muscle. GH is a nontrophic hormone, meaning it does not directly stimulate growth in its target tissues but instead promotes the secretion of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) which are responsible for growth.Rate this question:
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- 15.
_______ stimulates adrenal cortex to release corticosteroid hormones
Correct Answer
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH)
ACTH
Adrenocorticotrophic HormoneExplanation
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH) stimulates the adrenal cortex to release corticosteroid hormones. ACTH is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that acts on the adrenal cortex to promote the synthesis and release of corticosteroid hormones, such as cortisol. These hormones play important roles in regulating metabolism, immune function, and stress response in the body.Rate this question:
- 16.
Insufficient insulin
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Diabetes Insipidus
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Diabetes Mellitus
Correct Answer
A. Diabetes MellitusExplanation
Insufficient insulin is a characteristic feature of diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder. Diabetes mellitus is caused by the body's inability to produce enough insulin or effectively use the insulin it produces. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels, and when there is insufficient insulin, blood sugar levels become elevated, leading to various symptoms and complications associated with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes insipidus, on the other hand, is a different condition characterized by excessive thirst and urination due to a problem with the hormone vasopressin, not insulin.Rate this question:
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- 17.
- Type 1 Diabetes
- Accounts for 3% of people with diabetes Mellitus
- Decreased insulin secretion
- develops from an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic islets
- most commonly develops in young people
- Therapy - Insulin Injections
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Insulin-Dependent diabetes Mellitus
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Noninsulin-Dependent diabetes Mellitus
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Diabetes Insipidus
Correct Answer
A. Insulin-Dependent diabetes MellitusExplanation
Insulin-Dependent diabetes Mellitus, also known as Type 1 Diabetes, is the correct answer because it matches the given information. Type 1 Diabetes accounts for 3% of people with diabetes Mellitus, is characterized by decreased insulin secretion, develops from an autoimmune destruction of pancreatic islets, and most commonly develops in young people. The therapy for Type 1 Diabetes is insulin injections.Rate this question:
- 18.
When the number of receptors on a target cell decreases this is called ________ _________
Correct Answer
down regulationExplanation
Down regulation refers to the decrease in the number of receptors on a target cell. This process occurs in response to a prolonged exposure to a high concentration of a signaling molecule. The decrease in receptors reduces the cell's sensitivity to the signaling molecule, resulting in a decreased cellular response. Down regulation is an important regulatory mechanism that helps maintain homeostasis and prevent overstimulation of cells.Rate this question:
- 19.
ADH Deficiency leads to Diabetes Insipidus
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) deficiency can lead to diabetes insipidus, a condition characterized by excessive thirst and urination. ADH is responsible for regulating the body's water balance by controlling the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys. When there is a deficiency of ADH, the kidneys are unable to properly reabsorb water, leading to the production of large volumes of dilute urine and increased thirst. This condition is known as diabetes insipidus, which is different from diabetes mellitus (type 1 and type 2 diabetes). Therefore, the given statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 20.
If blood becomes too concentrated, _______ goes to the kidney tubules and causes water to be reabsorbed and less urine is produced.
Correct Answer
ADHExplanation
When blood becomes too concentrated, the hormone ADH (antidiuretic hormone) is released. ADH acts on the kidney tubules, causing them to reabsorb water from the urine back into the bloodstream. This process helps to dilute the blood and maintain its normal concentration. As a result, less urine is produced and the body retains more water.Rate this question:
- 21.
3 distinct layers of the Adrenal Cortex:
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Zona Glucocorticoids
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Zona Fassia
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Zona Reticularis
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Zona Glomerulosa
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Zona Rectimbular
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Zona Fasiculata
Correct Answer(s)
A. Zona Reticularis
A. Zona Glomerulosa
A. Zona FasiculataExplanation
The correct answer is Zona Reticularis, Zona Glomerulosa, Zona Fasiculata. The adrenal cortex is composed of three distinct layers: the Zona Glomerulosa, which produces mineralocorticoids such as aldosterone; the Zona Fasiculata, which produces glucocorticoids such as cortisol; and the Zona Reticularis, which produces androgens. These three layers work together to regulate various physiological processes in the body.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The __________ is both endocrine and exocrine tissue
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Kidneys
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Pancreas
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Ovaries and Testes
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Liver
Correct Answer
A. PancreasExplanation
The pancreas is both endocrine and exocrine tissue because it functions as an endocrine gland by producing and releasing hormones such as insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream to regulate blood sugar levels. It also acts as an exocrine gland by secreting digestive enzymes into the small intestine to aid in the digestion and absorption of nutrients.Rate this question:
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- 23.
When the number of receptors on a target cell increases this is called ______ ________
Correct Answer
up regulationExplanation
Up regulation refers to the increase in the number of receptors on a target cell. This process occurs in response to a decrease in the concentration of a signaling molecule or hormone in the body. By increasing the number of receptors, the target cell becomes more sensitive to the signaling molecule, allowing for a stronger response. Up regulation is a regulatory mechanism that helps maintain homeostasis in the body.Rate this question:
- 24.
PTH is the opposite of ______
Correct Answer
calcitoninExplanation
PTH (parathyroid hormone) and calcitonin are two hormones that regulate calcium levels in the body. While PTH increases blood calcium levels by stimulating the release of calcium from bones and increasing calcium absorption in the intestines, calcitonin does the opposite. Calcitonin decreases blood calcium levels by inhibiting bone breakdown and increasing calcium excretion by the kidneys. Therefore, PTH and calcitonin have opposing effects on calcium regulation in the body.Rate this question:
- 25.
Parafoliicular Cells in the Thyroid produce _____
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TSH
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TRH
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Prolactin
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Calcitonin
Correct Answer
A. CalcitoninExplanation
Parafollicular cells in the thyroid produce calcitonin. Calcitonin is a hormone that helps regulate calcium levels in the body. It works by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts, which are cells responsible for breaking down bone tissue and releasing calcium into the bloodstream. By reducing the activity of osteoclasts, calcitonin helps to lower blood calcium levels. This hormone is produced and released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, which are located in the thyroid gland.Rate this question:
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- 26.
______ Gland is the largest pure endocrine gland in the body.
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Adrenal
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Pituitary
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Pineal
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Parathyroid
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Thyroid
Correct Answer
A. ThyroidExplanation
The thyroid gland is the largest pure endocrine gland in the body. It is responsible for producing and releasing thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism and energy levels in the body. The adrenal gland, pituitary gland, pineal gland, and parathyroid gland also produce hormones, but they are either smaller in size or have additional functions beyond purely endocrine functions. Therefore, the correct answer is the thyroid gland.Rate this question:
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- 27.
In the pancreas, _______ causes release of glucose into the blood, mainly targets the liver, causes breakdown of stored glucose (glycogen).
Correct Answer
GlucagonExplanation
Glucagon is a hormone produced by the pancreas that stimulates the release of glucose into the blood. It mainly targets the liver and signals it to break down stored glucose, also known as glycogen. This process helps to increase blood sugar levels when they are low, ensuring that the body has a steady supply of energy.Rate this question:
- 28.
Excess cortisol results in _________.
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Graves Disease
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Addison's Disease
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Myxedema
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Cushing's Disease
Correct Answer
A. Cushing's DiseaseExplanation
Excess cortisol, which is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, leads to Cushing's Disease. This condition occurs when there is an overproduction of cortisol in the body. Symptoms of Cushing's Disease include weight gain, particularly in the face, neck, and upper body, thinning skin, easy bruising, high blood pressure, and muscle weakness. It can also cause mood swings, irritability, and depression. Treatment options for Cushing's Disease may include medication, surgery, or radiation therapy to reduce cortisol levels and alleviate symptoms.Rate this question:
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- 29.
The anterior pituitary is glandular and has no neural connection to the hypothalamus
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True
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False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The anterior pituitary is a glandular organ located at the base of the brain, and it is not directly connected to the hypothalamus through neural connections. Instead, the hypothalamus controls the anterior pituitary through a hormonal pathway. The hypothalamus releases hormones into the bloodstream, which then travel to the anterior pituitary and stimulate or inhibit the release of hormones from the pituitary gland. Therefore, the statement that the anterior pituitary has no neural connection to the hypothalamus is true.Rate this question:
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- 30.
The Body's major metabolic hormone that affects almost every cell in the body
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GH
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Calcitonin
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TH
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PTH
Correct Answer
A. THExplanation
TH refers to thyroid hormone, which is the body's major metabolic hormone. It is produced by the thyroid gland and affects almost every cell in the body. Thyroid hormone plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, growth, and development. It helps to control the rate at which the body uses energy, influences protein synthesis, and affects the function of various organs and tissues. Therefore, TH is the correct answer in this context.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Most important and abundant mineralocorticoid
Correct Answer
aldosteroneExplanation
Aldosterone is the most important and abundant mineralocorticoid. It is produced by the adrenal glands and plays a crucial role in regulating the body's electrolyte balance, particularly by promoting the reabsorption of sodium and the excretion of potassium in the kidneys. This hormone helps to maintain blood pressure, fluid balance, and overall homeostasis in the body.Rate this question:
- 32.
An autoimmune disease where abnormal antibodies mimic TSH so blood TH levels are high.
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Paget's Disease
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Myxedema
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Cretinism
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Graves Disease
Correct Answer
A. Graves DiseaseExplanation
Graves Disease is the correct answer because it is an autoimmune disease where abnormal antibodies mimic thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), leading to an overproduction of thyroid hormones. This results in high levels of blood thyroid hormone (TH), causing symptoms such as weight loss, rapid heartbeat, and bulging eyes. Paget's Disease is a bone disorder, myxedema is a severe form of hypothyroidism, and cretinism is a congenital form of hypothyroidism, none of which involve high TH levels.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Muscle and bone loss, water and salt retention, hypertension (edema/moon face), redistribution of fat to posterior neck, and severe infections are all results of
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Addison's Disease
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Graves Disease
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Myxedema
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Cushing's Disease
Correct Answer
A. Cushing's DiseaseExplanation
Cushing's Disease is the correct answer because it is a condition caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. This excess cortisol can lead to muscle and bone loss, water and salt retention, hypertension (edema/moon face), redistribution of fat to the posterior neck, and increased susceptibility to severe infections. Addison's Disease, Graves Disease, and Myxedema are not associated with these specific symptoms.Rate this question:
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- 34.
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Accounts for 97% of people with Diabetes Mellitus
- Inability of tissues to respond to insulin
- Leptin may play a role
- In some cases abnormal receptors may be produced or Abs may bind to receptors and deactivate them
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Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
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Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
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Diabetes Insipidus
Correct Answer
A. Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes MellitusExplanation
Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, also known as Type 2 Diabetes, is the correct answer because it accounts for 97% of people with Diabetes Mellitus. This type of diabetes is characterized by the inability of tissues to respond to insulin. Additionally, it is suggested that leptin may play a role in the development of Type 2 Diabetes, and in some cases, abnormal receptors may be produced or antibodies may bind to receptors and deactivate them.Rate this question:
- 35.
The Adrenal Glands have two parts the adrenal ______(true endocrine tissue) and _____(neural tissue).
Correct Answer
cortex medullaExplanation
The adrenal glands consist of two parts: the adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla. The adrenal cortex is the outer layer of the gland and is responsible for producing hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone. The adrenal medulla, on the other hand, is the inner part of the gland and is involved in the production of adrenaline and noradrenaline, which are responsible for the body's response to stress and emergencies.Rate this question:
- 36.
________ primary effects are:
- Gluconeogenesis
- Breakdown proteins and reuse amino acids for repair
- Works with adrenalin to increase blood pressure for rapid delivery of fuel and nutrients to cells
- Prevents over-activity of the immune system
- During periods of stress blood levels of glucose, fatty acids and amino acids dramatically rise
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Aldosterone
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Adrenalin
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Cortisol
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Testosterone
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Glucagon
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Insulin
Correct Answer
A. CortisolExplanation
Cortisol's primary effects include gluconeogenesis, the breakdown of proteins and reuse of amino acids for repair, working with adrenaline to increase blood pressure for rapid delivery of fuel and nutrients to cells, and preventing over-activity of the immune system. During periods of stress, blood levels of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids dramatically rise.Rate this question:
- 37.
______ makes glucose from molecules other than starch and sugar:
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Glycogen
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Glucagon
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Gluconeogenesis
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Insulin
Correct Answer
A. GluconeogenesisExplanation
Gluconeogenesis is the process in which glucose is synthesized from non-carbohydrate sources such as amino acids, glycerol, and lactate. This process occurs mainly in the liver and kidneys when the body needs glucose for energy but there is a limited supply of carbohydrates available. Glycogen is a storage form of glucose in the body, glucagon is a hormone that increases blood sugar levels, and insulin is a hormone that lowers blood sugar levels. Therefore, the correct answer is gluconeogenesis, as it specifically refers to the production of glucose from molecules other than starch and sugar.Rate this question:
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- 38.
- Produces erythropoetin (epo)
- signals bone marrow to increase red blood cells
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Adipose
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Thymus
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Heart
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Kidneys
Correct Answer
A. KidneysExplanation
The kidneys are responsible for producing erythropoietin (EPO), which is a hormone that signals the bone marrow to increase the production of red blood cells. Red blood cells are important for carrying oxygen throughout the body. Therefore, the kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining the body's oxygen levels by producing EPO and regulating red blood cell production.Rate this question:
- 39.
- Releases leptin into the body
- Targets CNS and signals satiety
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Adipose
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Thymus
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Heart
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Kidney
Correct Answer
A. AdiposeExplanation
Adipose tissue is responsible for releasing leptin into the body. Leptin is a hormone that regulates energy balance by suppressing appetite and signaling satiety to the central nervous system (CNS). This means that when adipose tissue releases leptin, it sends signals to the CNS that the body is full and does not need to eat anymore. Therefore, the correct answer is Adipose.Rate this question:
- 40.
A Trophic hormone
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Is the final hormone
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Is the starter hormone
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Tells the body how to make the final hormone
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Tells the body how to make the starter hormone
Correct Answer
A. Tells the body how to make the final hormoneExplanation
This answer suggests that a trophic hormone is responsible for instructing the body on how to produce the final hormone. In other words, it acts as a signal or guide for the body to synthesize and release the final hormone.Rate this question:
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- 41.
_________ can be a lack of either Aldosterone or Cortisol
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Addison's Disease
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Graves Disease
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Myxemia
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Cushing's Disease
Correct Answer
A. Addison's DiseaseExplanation
Addison's Disease can occur due to a lack of either Aldosterone or Cortisol. This condition is characterized by the adrenal glands not producing enough of these hormones. Aldosterone helps regulate blood pressure and electrolyte balance, while Cortisol is involved in managing stress response and metabolism. When there is a deficiency in either of these hormones, it can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, low blood pressure, and electrolyte imbalances. Therefore, Addison's Disease is the correct answer as it fits the description of a condition caused by a lack of Aldosterone or Cortisol.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Calcitonin is used to treat
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Myxedema
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Paget's Disease
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Graves Disease
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Cretinism
Correct Answer
A. Paget's DiseaseExplanation
Calcitonin is a hormone that helps regulate calcium levels in the body. It inhibits bone breakdown by decreasing the activity of osteoclasts, the cells responsible for bone resorption. Paget's disease is a condition characterized by abnormal bone remodeling, leading to weakened and deformed bones. Calcitonin can be used as a treatment for Paget's disease to help slow down the excessive bone turnover and reduce bone pain. It is not commonly used for the other conditions listed, such as myxedema (severe hypothyroidism), Graves Disease (hyperthyroidism), or cretinism (congenital hypothyroidism).Rate this question:
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- 43.
Oxytocin
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Produced in the posterior pituitary (hypothalamus)
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Produced in the anterior pituitary
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Produced in the thyroid
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Produced in the parathyroid
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Releases during dehydration
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Releases during stress
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Releases during child birth
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Releases in nursing mothers
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Stimulates growth
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Stimulates uterine contractions
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Stimulates adrenaline production
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Stimulates milk ejection
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Stimulates salivation
Correct Answer(s)
A. Produced in the posterior pituitary (hypothalamus)
A. Releases during child birth
A. Releases in nursing mothers
A. Stimulates uterine contractions
A. Stimulates milk ejectionExplanation
Oxytocin is a hormone that is produced in the posterior pituitary, which is a part of the hypothalamus in the brain. It is released during childbirth to stimulate uterine contractions and facilitate the birthing process. Oxytocin also plays a role in breastfeeding, as it is released in nursing mothers to stimulate milk ejection. Therefore, the correct answer includes that oxytocin is produced in the posterior pituitary, releases during childbirth, releases in nursing mothers, stimulates uterine contractions, and stimulates milk ejection.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Aldosterone secretion is stimulated by:
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Increased levels of potassium in the blood
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Decreased levels of potassium in the blood
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Increased levels of sodium in the blood
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Decreased levels of sodium in the blood
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Increased blood volume and pressure
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Decreased blood volume and pressure
Correct Answer(s)
A. Increased levels of potassium in the blood
A. Decreased levels of sodium in the blood
A. Decreased blood volume and pressureExplanation
Aldosterone secretion is stimulated by increased levels of potassium in the blood because aldosterone helps to regulate potassium levels in the body. When potassium levels are high, aldosterone is released to increase the excretion of potassium in the urine, thus lowering blood potassium levels. Similarly, aldosterone secretion is stimulated by decreased levels of sodium in the blood because aldosterone helps to reabsorb sodium in the kidneys, thus increasing blood sodium levels. Additionally, aldosterone secretion is stimulated by decreased blood volume and pressure to help retain sodium and water in the body, thereby increasing blood volume and pressure.Rate this question:
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- 45.
The Neuroendocrine Gland is the ___________
Correct Answer(s)
hypothalamusExplanation
The hypothalamus is known as the neuroendocrine gland because it plays a crucial role in regulating both the nervous system and the endocrine system. It produces and releases various hormones that control the release of hormones from the pituitary gland, which in turn regulates many other glands in the body. The hypothalamus also helps maintain homeostasis by controlling body temperature, hunger, thirst, and sleep. Therefore, it is the correct answer for the neuroendocrine gland.Rate this question:
- 46.
Anti diuretic Hormone (ADH)
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Produced in the paraventricular nucleus
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Produced in the posterior pituitary gland
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Produced in the pancreas
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Produced in the ovaries
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Prevents urine formation
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Prevents dehydration
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Prevents testosterone formation
Correct Answer(s)
A. Produced in the posterior pituitary gland
A. Prevents urine formation
A. Prevents dehydrationExplanation
ADH, also known as vasopressin, is a hormone produced in the posterior pituitary gland. It plays a crucial role in regulating water balance in the body by preventing excessive urine formation, thus preventing dehydration.Rate this question:
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- 47.
- Produces ANP
- Works at kdney tubules to increase production of 'salty' urine
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Adipose
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Thymus
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Heart
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Kidney
Correct Answer
A. HeartExplanation
The correct answer is "Heart" because the heart does not produce ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide). ANP is produced by the atria of the heart and acts on the kidneys to increase the production of "salty" urine. The other options, Adipose, Thymus, and Kidney, do not produce ANP.Rate this question:
- 48.
Aldosterone pumps ______ out of kidney tubules and into the blood while it pumps ______ out of blood and into the kidney tubules.
Correct Answer
sodium potassiumExplanation
Aldosterone pumps sodium out of kidney tubules and into the blood while it pumps potassium out of blood and into the kidney tubules. This process helps regulate the balance of these ions in the body and plays a crucial role in maintaining proper fluid and electrolyte balance.Rate this question:
- 49.
During Glucose Tolerance Test, if after one our, blood values are less than _____ mg/dl and after 2 hours less than _____ mg/dl one is considered normal. But if The level is greater than ______ one is considered diabetic. If after two hours the level is between _____ and _____ one is considered pre-diabetic.
Correct Answer
200 140 200 140 200
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Jan 28, 2013Quiz Created by
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