Piliavin Study Quiz

The study was carried out in New York.

The Piliavin study is an example of a field experiment because it was conducted in a real-world setting, specifically on a New York City subway. The researchers manipulated variables and observed the behavior of participants in a natural environment, without directly intervening or controlling the situation. This allowed for a high level of ecological validity, as the study closely resembled real-life situations.

The two conditions mentioned in the question were being drunk and being ill.

The independent variables in the study included the time of the train, age of the driver, how many people helped, and the type of 'victim'. This means that these factors were manipulated or measured by the researchers to see if they had any effect on the outcome of the study. The type of 'victim' variable could refer to different categories or characteristics of the individuals involved in the study, and it was included as one of the independent variables to examine its impact on the results.

The participants in this scenario were people using the subway. This can be inferred from the given options where psychologists, psychiatrists, and general studies students are unrelated to the context of the question. Therefore, the only logical choice left is "People using the subway" as the participants.

The experiment was considered to have a major strength in terms of ecological validity, meaning that the findings and conclusions drawn from the study can be applied to real-life situations and settings. This suggests that the experiment closely resembled real-world conditions, allowing for a more accurate understanding of how the variables studied would behave in a natural environment. By being high in ecological validity, the experiment's results are more likely to be applicable and generalizable to the broader population.

The participants could not be debriefed because debriefing is an essential ethical requirement in research studies. It allows participants to understand the purpose of the study, receive any necessary information, and have the opportunity to ask questions or express concerns. Without debriefing, participants may be left with unanswered questions or potential psychological distress. Therefore, the inability to debrief the participants is a valid ethical criticism of the study.

The study was being carried out between 11 am and 3 pm.

The researchers collected both quantitative and qualitative data. This means that they gathered numerical data, such as statistics and measurements, as well as non-numerical data, such as observations and interviews. By collecting both types of data, the researchers were able to gain a comprehensive understanding of the subject they were studying.

The dependent variables in the study included the gender of the person who helped, the time it took to help, and the 'race' of the person who helped. This means that all of these factors were considered and measured as part of the study's analysis and conclusions.

The correct answer is 4450. This suggests that approximately 4450 participants took part in the study.

The study did not break the ethical guideline of observation. Observation refers to the act of gathering data by watching and recording behaviors without interfering or manipulating the participants. In this case, the study likely involved observing participants without any form of intervention or manipulation, thereby adhering to the ethical guideline of observation.

The average percentage of black and white people can be calculated by finding the average of the percentages of black and white people separately. In this case, the given answer of "55 white, 45 black" suggests that the average percentage of white people is 55% and the average percentage of black people is 45%.

The victim collapsed after 70 seconds.

The correct answer suggests that there was a very slight tendency for people to help people of their own 'race'. This implies that while there may not have been significant differences in helping behavior based on race, there was still a slight inclination for individuals to assist those who belonged to the same racial group as them.

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The train journey in which the study was being carried out lasted for 7.5 minutes.

The given answer suggests that the finding of equal distribution of helpers between males and females was not true. This means that the study did not find an equal number of male and female helpers.

The study was being carried out in the 8th avenue.

The students came from Columbia University.