Physical Science Module 1

Explanation
An atom is the smallest chemical unit of matter. It consists of a nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons, and electrons that orbit around the nucleus. Atoms combine together to form molecules, which are groups of atoms bonded together. A molecule is a larger unit of matter compared to an atom. A solution is a mixture of two or more substances, and concentration refers to the amount of solute present in a given amount of solvent. Neither of these options represents the smallest unit of matter, which is an atom.

Explanation
A molecule is formed when two or more atoms are chemically bonded together. These atoms can be of the same element or different elements. The unique arrangement and combination of atoms in a molecule give it distinctive properties that are different from the individual atoms. Therefore, a molecule is a substance with unique properties due to the specific arrangement of its constituent atoms.

Explanation
Concentration refers to the amount of a substance present within a specific volume. It is a measure of how much solute is dissolved in a solvent or how much of a particular component is present in a mixture. In other words, concentration tells us the relative abundance or strength of a substance in a given volume.

Explanation
Sulfur dioxide is composed of molecules. In the given question, it is mentioned that sulfur dioxide is a gas that contains sulfur atoms. Since atoms combine to form molecules, it can be inferred that sulfur dioxide is composed of molecules.

Explanation
The measurement listed as "12.3 kilograms" represents mass. Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, and it is commonly measured in kilograms.

Explanation
The metric prefix "kilo" means "1000". It is used to denote a factor of 1000 in the metric system. For example, a kilogram is equal to 1000 grams. Therefore, "kilo" is the correct answer for the given question.

Explanation
There are 100 centimeters in 1 meter. Therefore, to find the number of centimeters in 1.6 meters, we multiply 1.6 by 100. This gives us 160 centimeters.

Explanation
The correct answer is 120 L because 0.12 kL is equal to 120 L. The prefix "kilo" represents a factor of 1000, so 0.12 kL is equivalent to 0.12 multiplied by 1000, which equals 120. Therefore, the object's volume is 120 liters.

Explanation
The correct answer is 3 kg. To convert the mass of the rock from kilograms to slugs, we divide the mass in kilograms by the conversion factor of 14.49 kg/slug. Therefore, 45.1 kg ÷ 14.49 kg/slug = 3.11 slugs. Since we are asked to round to the nearest whole number, the mass of the rock in slugs is 3 slugs.

Explanation
A cubit is an ancient unit of length that was commonly used in many ancient civilizations. It is typically defined as the distance from the elbow to the tip of the middle finger. The average length of a cubit is believed to be around 45 cm, although it may vary slightly depending on the individual. Therefore, the correct answer is 45 cm.