Particle & Its Energy Quiz

A solid is a state of matter that has a definite shape and volume. Unlike liquids and gases, the particles in a solid are tightly packed and have strong intermolecular forces, which prevent them from moving freely. This is why solids maintain their shape and do not flow like liquids. The fact that a solid has a defined shape distinguishes it from other states of matter, making it the correct answer.

The correct answer is because the particles are close together and in a fixed position. This is because in a solid, the particles are tightly packed and held in a fixed arrangement by strong forces of attraction between them. This arrangement prevents any space for a hand to pass through the solid table.

The correct order is solid, liquid, gas. In a solid, particles are tightly packed and have the least amount of kinetic energy, resulting in slow movement. In a liquid, particles have more kinetic energy and are able to move more freely than in a solid. In a gas, particles have the highest amount of kinetic energy and move at the fastest speed, as they are not bound together and can freely move throughout the container.

The glass of water that has been sitting in the sun has more energy because it has absorbed heat energy from the sun. The sun's radiation provides energy to the water molecules, causing them to vibrate and move more rapidly, thus increasing the overall energy of the water. In contrast, the ice cube has the least energy as it is at a lower temperature and has less molecular motion. The water from the faucet and in the fridge have relatively lower energy levels compared to the water in the sun, as they have not been exposed to external heat sources.

A phase change refers to any time when matter transitions from one state to another, such as from a solid to a liquid, a liquid to a gas, or a gas to a solid. This can include processes like evaporation of a gas, water turning into ice, or a solid melting into a liquid. In essence, a phase change encompasses any transformation of matter between the three states - solid, liquid, and gas.

When ice floats in water, it is indicating that ice particles are less dense than water particles. This is because objects that are less dense than the liquid they are placed in will float. In the case of ice, the molecules are arranged in a specific way that causes it to have a lower density compared to water. This is why ice floats on the surface of water rather than sinking.

A liquid can flow because its particles are close together and can slide past each other. Unlike solids, where the particles are locked in place, the particles in a liquid have more freedom of movement. This allows them to move and flow when a force is applied, such as when the liquid is poured or when it is being stirred. The ability of the particles to slide past each other is what gives liquids their fluidity and allows them to take the shape of their container.

Carbon dioxide is unique because it undergoes a process called sublimation. Sublimation is the direct transition of a substance from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid phase. This is different from evaporation, which is the process of a liquid turning into a gas, and from melting, which is the process of a solid turning into a liquid. Quantification and meltification are not scientific terms and do not relate to the given explanation.

The temperature of a substance depends on the kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. When the particles have higher kinetic energy, the substance has a higher temperature, and when the particles have lower kinetic energy, the substance has a lower temperature. The other options mentioned, such as whether the substance has a fixed shape, fixed volume, or the state of matter, are not directly related to the temperature of the substance.

This answer is correct because the ability to compress a gas and squeeze particles together supports the claim that gas particles are spread out and occasionally bounce into each other. When a gas is compressed, the particles are forced closer together, indicating that they were initially spread out.

The given statement is evidence for the claim that hot particles move faster than cold particles. The movement of particles in ice being slow and particles in hot water moving fast supports the claim that temperature affects the speed of particle movement.

The answer "You cannot see particles but you can smell them in the air" provides evidence for the claim that particles are tiny and cannot be seen. This is because it suggests that particles are too small to be visible to the naked eye, but their presence can be detected through the sense of smell.