Quantum Computing Fundamentals Quiz

Superposition refers to the ability of a qubit to exist in a combination of multiple states simultaneously. This property is essential for quantum computing's potential for parallelism and exponential calculations.

A qubit, short for quantum bit, is the fundamental unit of quantum information. It is analogous to a classical bit but can represent both 0 and 1 simultaneously thanks to superposition and can perform complex computations through quantum gates.

Entanglement refers to the strong correlation between two or more qubits, even when physically separated. Measurements done on one entangled qubit affect the states of the others, allowing for instant information transfer and unique computational possibilities.

The measurement of a qubit is known as 'quantum measurement.' It collapses the qubit's superposition into a definite classical state, providing an observable result from a quantum system.

The entanglement between qubits remains intact even when they are physically separated. Measuring or manipulating one qubit affects the states of the others, regardless of the distance between them, showcasing the non-local behaviors of entanglement.

The Controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate is a widely used quantum gate in which the target qubit's state is flipped if the control qubit is in the state 1. It is popular for entangling qubits and building quantum circuits for various computations.

Quantum gates are used to manipulate qubits and perform specific quantum operations. They can change the state of qubits through transformations, allowing for the necessary computations needed in quantum algorithms.

Superposition enables quantum computers to run many computations simultaneously. It allows qubits to occupy multiple states at once, exponentially increasing the computational capacity compared to classical computing, which operates within a single state at a time.

A qubit can exist in two states simultaneously due to superposition. It can represent both 0 and 1 at the same time, allowing for parallel calculations and exponential increase in computational power.

Entanglement, a unique property of quantum computing, allows for parallel computing and instant information transfer. It enables quantum computers to perform multiple calculations simultaneously and solve certain problems exponentially faster than classical computers.