A.P. Biology Chapter 5 (Macromolecules)
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This is a quiz on chapter 5 of A. P. Biology. This chapter is on the same test as Chapters 6-8.
- 1.What is a monomer?
- A.
A single unit of macromolecules
- B.
Multiple units of macromolecules
- C.
A type of protein
- D.
An organic compound
- 2.What is a polymer?
- A.
A single unit of macromolecules
- B.
Multiple units of macromolecules
- C.
A type of protein
- D.
An organic compound
- 3.How do you get from a monomer to a polymer?
- A.
Add water
- B.
Add carbon
- C.
Remove water
- D.
Remove carbon
- 4.How do you get from a polymer to a monomer?
- A.
Add water
- B.
Add carbon
- C.
Remove water
- D.
Remove carbon
- 5.What is a dehydration/condensation reaction?
- A.
The addition of water
- B.
The removal of water
- C.
How to get from a polymer to a monomer
- D.
How to get from a monomer to a polymer
- E.
A and C
- F.
B and D
- 6.What is hydrolysis?
- A.
The addition of water
- B.
The removal of water
- C.
How to get from a polymer to a monomer
- D.
How to get from a monomer to a polymer
- E.
A and C
- F.
B and D
- 7.What are carbohydrates?
- A.
Proteins
- B.
Fats, oils, etc..
- C.
Sugars, starches, etc..
- D.
The basis of genetics
- 8.What is the ratio of carbohydrate chemical formulas?
- A.
CHO3O
- B.
CH2O
- C.
CHO
- D.
CHO2
- 9.How many calories are in 1g of carbohydrate?
- A.
1
- B.
4
- C.
9
- D.
15
- 10.What is the monomer of carbs?
- A.
Nucleotide
- B.
Amino Acid
- C.
Monosaccharide
- D.
Glycerol
- 11.What are the 3 monosaccharides?
- A.
Glucose, Sucrose, Lactose
- B.
Maltose, Fructose, Galactose
- C.
Glucose, Fructose, Galactose
- D.
Maltose, Sucrose, Lactose
- 12.What is the polymer of a carbohydrate?
- A.
Phospholipid
- B.
Disaccharide
- C.
DNA
- D.
Secondary Structure
- 13.What holds 2 monosaccharides together?
- A.
Glycosidic linkage
- B.
Ester linkage
- C.
Phosphodiester linkage
- D.
Peptide bond
- 14.What does glucose+glucose give you?
- A.
Maltose
- B.
Sucrose
- C.
Lactose
- D.
Galactose
- 15.What does glucose+fructose give you?
- A.
Maltose
- B.
Sucrose
- C.
Lactose
- D.
Galactose
- 16.What does glucose+galactose give you?
- A.
Maltose
- B.
Sucrose
- C.
Lactose
- D.
Sucrose
- 17.What is starch?
- A.
A form of protein
- B.
A combination of many glucose molecules
- C.
A storage polysaccharide
- D.
Both B and C
- 18.What are the alpha glucoses?
- A.
Animal and Plant starch
- B.
Cellulose and chitin
- C.
Animal starch and chitin
- D.
Plant starch and cellulose
- 19.What are the beta glucoses (structural polysaccharides?
- A.
Animal and Plant starch
- B.
Cellulose and chitin
- C.
Animal starch and chitin
- D.
Plant starch and cellulose
- 20.What are the 2 plant starches?
- A.
Amylaose and Glycogen
- B.
Amylopectin and Glycogen
- C.
Amylose and Amylopectin
- D.
Glycogen and Glucose
- 21.What is animal starch called?
- A.
Amylopectin
- B.
Glucose
- C.
Amylose
- D.
Glycogen
- 22.What is cellulose used for?
- A.
Fungi and arthropod exoskeletons
- B.
Animal skeletons
- C.
Plant cell walls
- D.
Cell membranes
- 23.What is chitin used for?
- A.
Fungi and arthropod exoskeletons
- B.
Animal skeletons
- C.
Plant cell walls
- D.
Cell membranes
- 24.What are lipids?
- A.
Proteins
- B.
The basis for genetics
- C.
Sugars, starches ,etc..
- D.
Fats, oils, etc...
- 25.What are lipids made with?
- A.
Glycerol and Glucose
- B.
Phosphate and Glucose
- C.
Glycerol and Fatty Acid
- D.
Phosphate and Fatty Acid
- 26.How many carbons do fatty acids have?
- A.
14-16
- B.
16-18
- C.
18-20
- D.
20-22
- 27.What links fatty acids with glycerol?
- A.
Phosphodiester linkage
- B.
Peptide bond
- C.
Glycosidic linkage
- D.
Ester linkage
- 28.What is a monoglyceride?
- A.
1 glycercol + 1 fatty acid
- B.
Monomer of a protein
- C.
Monomer of a carbohydrate
- D.
A type of nucleic acid
- 29.What is a diglyceride?
- A.
1 glycercol + 2 fatty acids
- B.
Monomer of a protein
- C.
Monomer of a carbohydrate
- D.
A type of nucleic acid
- 30.What is a triglyceride?
- A.
1 glycercol + 2 fatty acids
- B.
Monomer of a protein
- C.
Monomer of a carbohydrate
- D.
A type of nucleic acid
- 31.What is another name for a triglyeride?
- A.
Sugar
- B.
Protein
- C.
Fat
- D.
DNA
- 32.How many calories are in 1g of fat?
- A.
1
- B.
4
- C.
9
- D.
15
- 33.What does fat do?
- A.
Stores energy
- B.
Insulates heat and electricity
- C.
Absorbs shock
- D.
All of the above
- 34.
- A.
A fat maxed out with hydrogens, which is bad
- B.
A fat maxed out with carbons, which is bad
- C.
A fat maxed out with hydrogens, which is good
- D.
A fat maxed out with carbons, which is good
- 35.Are saturated fats straight or bent?
- A.
Straight
- B.
Bent
- C.
Neither
- 36.Are unsaturated fats straight or bent?
- A.
Straight
- B.
Bent
- C.
Neither
- 37.Name a quality of saturated fats
- A.
They are diglycerides
- B.
Bent molecule
- C.
Solid at room temp.
- D.
Liquid at room temp.
- 38.Name a quality of unsaturated fats
- A.
They are diglycerides
- B.
Straight molecule
- C.
Solid at room temp.
- D.
Liquid at room temp.
- 39.What does it mean if an unsaturated fat is bent?
- A.
It takes up more space, thus keeping membrane fluid
- B.
It takes up less space, thus keeping membrane fluid
- C.
It takes up more space, thus keeping membrane closed
- D.
It takes up less space, thus keeping membrane closed
- 40.What is a polyunsaturated fat?
- A.
An unsaturated fat that has many bent carbons
- B.
An unsaturated fat that is as close to being saturated as possible
- C.
An unsaturated fat that has been unsaturated many times
- D.
Nothing, no such term exists
- 41.How do phospholips form?
- A.
Phosphate attaches to one of the carbons of a lipid
- B.
Phosphorus attaches to one of the carbons of a lipid
- C.
Phosphate attaches to one of the oxygens of a lipid
- D.
Phosphorus attaches to one of the oxygens of a lipid
- 42.What do phospholips do?
- A.
Make up cell walls
- B.
Give cells energy
- C.
Make up cell membranes
- D.
Carry out photosynthesis
- 43.What is the polar/hydrophyllic part of the phospholipid?
- A.
Phosphate part
- B.
Lipid part
- C.
Both
- D.
Neither
- 44.What is the non-polar/hydrophobic part of the phospholipid?
- A.
Phosphate part
- B.
Lipid part
- C.
Both
- D.
Neither
- 45.What are cell membranes made of?
- A.
Chitin
- B.
Cellulose
- C.
Phospholipid Bilayer
- D.
None of the above
- 46.What is the head of a phospholipd?
- A.
Glycerol and phosphate
- B.
Fatty acids
- C.
Neither
- D.
Both
- 47.What is are the tails of a phospholipid?
- A.
Glycerol and phosphate
- B.
Fatty acids
- C.
Neither
- D.
Both
- 48.What is cholesterol?
- A.
A steroid lipid with 5 fused rings
- B.
A phospholipid with 5 fused rings
- C.
A steroid lipid with 4 fused rings
- D.
A phospholipid with 4 fused rings
- 49.How much dry weight is made of protein?
- A.
30%
- B.
40%
- C.
50%
- D.
60%
- 50.What is the monomer of protein?
- A.
Monosaccharide
- B.
Glycerol
- C.
Nucleotide
- D.
Amino acid
- 51.What is an amino acid made of?
- A.
Amino + Methyl
- B.
Amino + Carboxyl
- C.
Amino + Hydroxyl
- D.
Amino + Carbonyl
- 52.What are 2 amino acids called? 3+?
- A.
Dinucleotide. Polynucleotide.
- B.
Diglyceride. Polyglyceride.
- C.
Disaccharide. Polysaccharide.
- D.
Dipeptide. Polypeptide.
- 53.What is the 3D shape of proteins called?
- A.
Formation
- B.
Cisformation
- C.
Conformation
- D.
Transformation
- 54.What are primary proteins held together by?
- A.
Peptide bonds
- B.
Hydrogen bonds
- C.
Disulfide bridge that latches onto cystine
- D.
Covalent bonds
- 55.What are secondary proteins held together by?
- A.
Peptide bonds
- B.
Hydrogen bonds
- C.
Disulfide bridge that latches onto cystine
- D.
Covalent bonds
- 56.What are tertiary proteins held together by?
- A.
Peptide bonds
- B.
Hydrogen bonds
- C.
Disulfide bridge that latches onto cystine
- D.
Covalent bonds
- 57.What are quarternary proteins held together by?
- A.
Peptide bonds
- B.
Hydrogen bonds
- C.
Disulfide bridge that latches onto cystine
- D.
Covalent bonds
- 58.What is the difference between beta-pleated sheet and alpha-pleated helix?
- A.
Beta is looped, alpha is zig zag
- B.
Beta is zig zag, alpha is looped
- C.
One is for primary proteins, another for secondary
- D.
There is no difference.
- 59.What creates the conformation of a protein? (puts if from primary to quarternary?)
- A.
The cytoplasm of the cell
- B.
ATP
- C.
Chaperonin organelle
- D.
Chaperonin protein
- 60.What does it mean to denature a protein?
- A.
Disable all bonds
- B.
Permanently change conformation
- C.
Change it to a cerbohydrate
- D.
Take it from quarternary to tertiary structure
- 61.How do you denature a protein?
- A.
Intense amounts of heat
- B.
PH change
- C.
Change salt concentration
- D.
All of the above
- 62.Give an example of a nucleic acid.
- A.
DNA
- B.
RNA
- C.
ATP
- D.
A and B
- E.
All of the above
- 63.What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
- A.
Monosaccharide
- B.
Glycerol
- C.
Amino Acid
- D.
Nucleotide
- 64.What 3 things do you need to make a nucleotide?
- A.
Sugar, carbonic base, phosphate
- B.
Sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate
- C.
ATP, RNA, DNA
- D.
AMP, ADP, ATP
- 65.Which 5 carbon sugar do you need for nucleotide?
- A.
Deoxyribose
- B.
Ribose
- C.
Neither
- D.
Either is okay
- 66.What are the 2 types of nitrogenous bases?
- A.
Actosine and Purine
- B.
Mitchosine and Purine
- C.
Pyrimidine and Structine
- D.
Pyrimidine and Purine
- 67.What are the 3 pyrimidines?
- A.
Cytosine, Thymine, Uricil
- B.
Adenine, Guamine, Cytosine
- C.
Uricil, Thymine, Guamine
- D.
Cytosine, Uricil, Adenine
- 68.What is cytosine used in?
- A.
DNA
- B.
RNA
- C.
Both
- D.
Neither
- 69.What is thymine used in?
- A.
DNA
- B.
RNA
- C.
Both
- D.
Neither
- 70.What is uricil used in?
- A.
DNA
- B.
RNA
- C.
Both
- D.
Neither
- 71.How do you make the polymer of nucleotide?
- A.
Bond carbon 2 with phosphate
- B.
Bond carbon 3 with phosphate
- C.
Bond carbon 4 with phosphate
- D.
Bond carbon 5 with phosphate
- 72.What links a phosphate and a sugar of nucleotide?
- A.
Ester linkage
- B.
Phosphodiester linkage
- C.
Peptide bond
- D.
Glycosidic linkage
- 73.Is RNA double or single stranded?
- A.
Double
- B.
Single
- C.
Neither
- D.
Both
- 74.Is DNA double or single stranded?
- A.
Double
- B.
Single
- C.
Neither
- D.
Both
- 75.In DNA, how many H bonds do you need between C and G?
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
3
- D.
4
- 76.In DNA, how many H bonds are between T and A?
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
3
- D.
4
- 77.What does antiparallel refer to?
- A.
DNA going from 5' to 3' on one side and 3' to 5' on the other side
- B.
DNA going from 5' to 3' on both sides
- C.
RNA going from 5' to 3' on one side and 3' to 5' on the other side
- D.
RNA going from 5' to 3' on both sides
- 78.What is the radius of DNA?
- A.
1 nm
- B.
3.4 nm
- C.
0.34 nm
- D.
10 nm
- 79.What is the height of DNA staircase?
- A.
1 nm
- B.
3.4 nm
- C.
0.34 nm
- D.
10 nm
- 80.What is the distance between steps on DNA?
- A.
1 nm
- B.
3.4 nm
- C.
0.34 nm
- D.
10 nm
- 81.How many steps are in one turn of DNA?
- A.
7
- B.
8
- C.
9
- D.
10
- 82.What does a double helix refer to?
- A.
Twisted ladder of DNA
- B.
Untwisted ladder of DNA
- C.
Twisted ladder of RNA
- D.
Untwisted ladder of RNA
- 83.What compliments A?
- A.
T
- B.
C
- C.
G
- D.
A
- 84.What compliments C?
- A.
A
- B.
T
- C.
G
- D.
C
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