Otterbein/Grant CRNA A&p Midterm Review - Cardiac
32 Questions
| Total Attempts: 53
Questions and Answers
- 1.1. Heart rate/rhythm2. Preload3. Contractility4. Afterload These four factors affect ________.
- 2.Coronary perfusion pressure = diastolic pressure minus LV tension or MAP - _______
- 3.Increasing blood pressure is the best way to increase blood flow to tissue.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 4.(SP+(2DP))/3 calculates ____
- 5.Compliance is the ability to expand and take more capacity of volume with little change in pressure.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 6.Which of the following is not a determinant of diastolic function
- A.
Myocardial relaxation
- B.
Passive ventricular filling
- C.
Active ventricular filling
- D.
Peripheral O2 use
- 7.Contractility is primarily determined by the amount of intracellular _______.
- 8.All of the following increase contractility except
- A.
Sympathetic stimulation
- B.
Parasympathetic inhibition
- C.
Positive inotropic drugs
- D.
Acidosis
- 9.Severe aortic stenosis is when the aortic valve area is less than 1 cm with a valvular gradient exceeding 40 mmHg.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 10.With preload changes, EDV changes but ___ stays the same.
- 11.The Frank-Starling Law of the Heart states that the more the ventricle is filled during diastole, the greater the _____ ejected during systole.
- 12.Local anesthetics work in phase 0 of SA node to prevent spontaneous depolarization that occurs in phase ___ by preventing gated Na+ channels from opening.
- 13.Calcium channel blockers work on phase 2 of the ventricular action potential and phase ___ of the SA node action potential.
- 14.The dicrotic notch on A-line pressure waveform represents retrograde blood flow back into the LV before aortic valve closure.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 15.The O2 requirement for generating pressure is _____ than the O2 requirement for volume work. In other words, elevating aortic pressure ______ O2 demand more than increasing stroke volume.
- A.
Greater, increases
- B.
Less, decreases
- 16.Myocardial oxygen consumption at rest is:
- A.
2-4 mL/min/100g
- B.
4-6 mL/min/100g
- C.
6-8 mL/min/100g
- D.
8-10 mL/min/100g
- 17.Coronary blood flow is dependent upon 3 of the following:
- A.
Arterial pressure
- B.
Diastolic time
- C.
Small vessel resistance
- D.
Preload
- 18.Adenosine, K+ ions, CO2, bradykinin, and prostaglandin are coronary vasodilator substances naturally released from the myocardium in response to decreased O2.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 19.Valsalva maneuver elicits a ______ reflex near carotid arteries and aortic arch. SNS is inhibited, PNS is activated: decreasing HR, decreasing contractility, causing vasodilation and hypotension.
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