Otterbein/Grant CRNA A&p Midterm Neuro Review
- 1.This is the major commissure connecting cerebral hemispheres, it arches above structures of diencephalon and forms a roof over the lateral ventricle.
- A.
Corpus Callosum
- B.
Parietal lobe
- C.
Midpons
- D.
Brainstem
- 2.The cerebellum, brain stem, midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata are all structures that are considered:
- A.
Infratentorial
- B.
Supratentorial
- 3.All of the following are true about white matter EXCEPT:
- A.
Located in the brain and spinal cord
- B.
Myelinated nerve fibers
- C.
Transmist/conducts information
- D.
Contains neuron bodies
- 4.Basal ganglia:
- A.
Are islands of gray matters (clusters of neuron cell bodies) deep within white matter
- B.
Produce dopamine
- C.
Are infratentorial
- D.
Flank the lateral and third ventricles, part of EPS, and involved in regulating motor activities
- 5.Regulation of body temperature, water balance, and fat/carbohydrate metabolism occurs in the:
- A.
Thalamus
- B.
Hypothalamus
- C.
Thyroid
- D.
Adrenal medulla
- 6.The cerebellum is concerned with unconscious coordination of skeletal muscle activity and control of balance and equilibrium, this is why cerebellar injury/infarct is devastating to life functions.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 7.The brainstem consists of:
- A.
The midbrain
- B.
Pons
- C.
Medulla oblongata
- D.
Basal ganglia
- 8.The pons is the crossover point for the major motor tracts descending from the cerebrum to the cord ("pyramidal tracts"), housing many vital autonomic centers involved in the control of heart rate, respiratory rhythm, blood pressure, vomiting, and swallowing.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 9.All of the cranial nerves originate from the brainstem except these 2:
- A.
Optic (II)
- B.
Olfactory (I)
- C.
Vagus (X)
- D.
Glossopharyngeal (IX)
- 10.Oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens are the 3 cranial nerves that control:
- A.
Eye movement
- B.
Balance
- C.
Heart rate
- D.
Hearing perception
- 11.Movement of a given substance across the BBB is governed by all of these EXCEPT:
- A.
Size of substance
- B.
Charge
- C.
Lipid solubility/protein binding
- D.
Oil:gas coefficient
- 12.The brain receives ___ % of cardiac output.
- 13.Cerebral blood flow:
- A.
Averages 50-60 mL/100 g/min
- B.
750-900 mL/min
- C.
15% of cardiac output
- D.
Is not affected by anesthetic drugs.
- 14.The anterior circulation of the brain is supplied by vertebral arteries that give rise to the basilar artery.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 15.____ pressure is the pressure transmitted through the Circle of Willis back to the carotid artery for which endartectomy is proposes. >60 mmHg is normal and acceptable.
- 16.Hydrogen ions cause vasodilation of the cerebral vessels, increasing cerebral bloodflow.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 17.Except during periods of intense brain activity, the rate of utilization of oxygen by the brain tissue remains approximately ___ mL O2/100g/min
- 18.A decrease in cerebral tissue PO2 below ___ mmHg immediately begins to increase cerebral blood flow.
- 19.Which of the following is not true concerning CBF autoregulation?
- A.
Patients with chronic HTN will have an autoregulation curve shift to the left.
- B.
CBF is autoregulated between arterial pressure limits of 60-140 mmHg.
- C.
Below 50 mmHg of arterial pressure, CBF is severely decreased.
- D.
Many anesthetic agents affect CBF autoregulation.
- 20.Cerebral perfusion pressures less than __ mmHg will result in irreversible brain damage.
- 21.Cerebral blood flow changes 5-7% proportionally per __ degrees C change in temp.
- 22.Which of the following is true about CSF?
- A.
Formed at a rate of 500 mL/day
- B.
150 mL present at any given time in our brain and spinal cord.
- C.
PH > pH of blood
- D.
Formed in the choroid plexuses
- E.
Isotonic with plasma
- 23.80% of CMRO2 is attributed to grey matter.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 24.Cauda equina is a bundle of nerve rootlets in the subarachnoid space caudal to the termination of the spinal cord, located distal to what vertebrae in adults?
- 25.The presynaptic neuronal cell bodies of the sympathetic nervous system are located in the _____ horns of gray matter of the spinal cord between T1-L2 cord levels.
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