Ultimate Organic Chemistry Test! Quiz

2.

__________________ breaks polymers apart.

Hydrolysis
Amino Acid
Dehydration Synthesis
Nucleic Acid

Correct Answer

A. Hydrolysis

Explanation

Hydrolysis is the process of breaking down polymers by adding water. In this process, the water molecule splits into a hydrogen ion (H+) and a hydroxide ion (OH-), and these ions break the bonds holding the polymer together. This reaction is commonly used in digestion, where large molecules such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are broken down into smaller, more easily absorbed molecules. Hydrolysis is the opposite of dehydration synthesis, which is the process of joining monomers together to form a polymer by removing water. Amino acids and nucleic acids are types of monomers that can be involved in both hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis reactions.

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3.

Which of these are the types of compounds?(There's more than 1)

Lipids
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acid

Correct Answer(s)

A. Lipids
A. Proteins
A. Carbohydrates
A. Nucleic Acid

Explanation

Lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids are all types of compounds. Lipids are a diverse group of molecules that include fats, oils, and steroids. Proteins are large molecules made up of amino acids and play a crucial role in many biological processes. Carbohydrates are organic compounds that provide energy to the body and include sugars, starches, and fibers. Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information.

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4.

The monomer of a carbohydrate is ___________________.

Amino Acid
Glucose
Fatty Acid
Glycerol

Correct Answer

A. Glucose

Explanation

Glucose is the monomer of a carbohydrate. Carbohydrates are made up of monomers called monosaccharides, and glucose is a monosaccharide. It is a simple sugar that serves as an important source of energy in living organisms. Glucose molecules can join together through dehydration synthesis to form larger carbohydrates such as starch, cellulose, and glycogen.

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5.

The monomer of a protein is ___________________.

Glucose
Amino Acid
Fatty Acid & Glycerol
Nucleotide

Correct Answer

A. Amino Acid

Explanation

The monomer of a protein is an amino acid. Proteins are made up of long chains of amino acids that are linked together by peptide bonds. Each amino acid consists of an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a unique side chain. These side chains can vary in size, shape, and chemical properties, which allows for the diverse functions and structures of proteins. Glucose is a monomer of carbohydrates, fatty acid and glycerol are monomers of lipids, and nucleotide is a monomer of nucleic acids, not proteins.

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6.

The monomer of a lipid is ___________________.

Glucose
Amino Acid
Fatty Acid & Glycerol
Nucleotide

Correct Answer

A. Fatty Acid & Glycerol

Explanation

The correct answer is Fatty Acid & Glycerol. Lipids are organic compounds that are insoluble in water and include fats, oils, and waxes. The monomer of a lipid is a fatty acid and glycerol. Fatty acids are long hydrocarbon chains with a carboxyl group at one end, while glycerol is an alcohol with three hydroxyl groups. These two molecules combine through a dehydration reaction to form a lipid molecule, with the fatty acids attaching to the glycerol backbone. This combination of fatty acid and glycerol units forms the building blocks of lipids.

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7.

The monomer of nucleic acid is ___________________.

Glucose
Amino Acid
Fatty Acid & Glycerol
Nucleotide

Correct Answer

A. Nucleotide

Explanation

A nucleic acid is composed of repeating units called nucleotides, which are the monomers of nucleic acids. Nucleotides consist of a sugar molecule (either ribose or deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine, or uracil). These nucleotides link together through phosphodiester bonds to form the backbone of DNA or RNA. Therefore, the correct monomer of nucleic acid is a nucleotide.

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8.

A protein catalyst is___________________.

Polarities
Adhesion
Enzyme
Heat Capacity

Correct Answer

A. Enzyme

Explanation

An enzyme is a protein catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms. It does so by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur, thereby increasing the rate of the reaction. Enzymes are highly specific in their action and can catalyze a wide range of biochemical reactions in cells. They play a crucial role in various physiological processes such as digestion, metabolism, and DNA replication. Enzymes are essential for maintaining the overall functioning and homeostasis of an organism.

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9.

Carbon is the element of life (it's unique) because ___________________.

It has a positive and negative end
It has 7 bonding points
It has only a negative end
It has 4 bonding points

Correct Answer

A. It has 4 bonding points

Explanation

Carbon is the element of life because it has 4 bonding points. This allows carbon to form stable covalent bonds with other elements, including itself, and create a wide variety of complex organic molecules. These molecules are the building blocks of life and are essential for the structure and function of all living organisms. Carbon's ability to form multiple bonds and create diverse molecular structures is what makes it unique and crucial for life as we know it.

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10.

What makes water a universal solvent?

It has a positive and negative end
It has 3 bonding points
Because its water
Its' polarities

Correct Answer

A. Its' polarities

Explanation

Water is a universal solvent because of its polarities. The water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom. Due to the difference in electronegativity between oxygen and hydrogen, the oxygen atom pulls the shared electrons closer to itself, creating a partial negative charge. Simultaneously, the hydrogen atoms have a partial positive charge. This polarity allows water molecules to attract and dissolve substances that have an electrical charge, such as salts and other polar molecules. Therefore, water can dissolve a wide variety of solutes, making it a universal solvent.

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11.

Why is water a polar molecule?

It has 4 bonding points
Its polarities
It has a positive and negative end
Its heat capacity

Correct Answer

A. It has a positive and negative end

Explanation

Water is a polar molecule because it has a positive and negative end. This is due to the unequal sharing of electrons between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms in the water molecule. The oxygen atom attracts the shared electrons more strongly, making it slightly negative, while the hydrogen atoms become slightly positive. This separation of charges creates a polarity in the molecule, making it polar.

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12.

___________________ is when water is attracted to a solid surface.

Cohesion
Adhesion
Capillary Action
Surface Tension

Correct Answer

A. Adhesion

Explanation

Adhesion is the correct answer because it refers to the phenomenon where water molecules are attracted to a solid surface. This attraction is due to the intermolecular forces between the water molecules and the molecules of the solid surface. Adhesion allows water to stick to surfaces and spread out, forming a thin film or droplets. This property is important in many biological and physical processes, such as capillary action, where water is able to move against gravity in narrow spaces due to the adhesive forces between water and the walls of the space.

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13.

___________________ is when water is attracted to water.

Cohesion
Adhesion
Capillary Action
Surface Tension

Correct Answer

A. Cohesion

Explanation

Cohesion is when water molecules are attracted to other water molecules. This attraction is due to hydrogen bonding between the water molecules. It is this cohesive force that allows water to form droplets and maintain its liquid state. Adhesion, on the other hand, is when water molecules are attracted to other substances. Capillary action is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces against gravity, and surface tension is the force that acts on the surface of a liquid and causes it to behave like a stretched elastic sheet.

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14.

The maximum amount of heat a molecule can have before a phase change is called ___________________.

Capillary action
Cohesion
Adhesion
Heat capacity

Correct Answer

A. Heat capacity

Explanation

Heat capacity refers to the maximum amount of heat that a molecule can have before undergoing a phase change. It is a measure of the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by a certain amount. A higher heat capacity indicates that a substance can absorb more heat without undergoing a phase change, while a lower heat capacity means that a substance is more likely to undergo a phase change at lower temperatures.

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Ultimate Organic Chemistry Test! Quiz

___________________ links monomers.

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__________________ breaks polymers apart.

Which of these are the types of compounds?(There's more than 1)

The monomer of a carbohydrate is ___________________.

The monomer of a protein is ___________________.

The monomer of a lipid is ___________________.

The monomer of nucleic acid is ___________________.

A protein catalyst is___________________.

Carbon is the element of life (it's unique) because ___________________.

What makes water a universal solvent?

Why is water a polar molecule?

___________________ is when water is attracted to a solid surface.

___________________ is when water is attracted to water.

The maximum amount of heat a molecule can have before a phase change is called ___________________.