The fractions obtained by fractional distillation of petroleum have different uses. Which fraction and use are correct?

bitumen - fuel for lorries and buses

lubricating oil - surfaces of roads

Introduction To Organic Chemistry

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Introduction To Organic Chemistry - Quiz

Organic chemistry is the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation of carbon-containing compounds, which include not only hydrocarbons but also compounds with any number of other elements. Test out what you understood from your introductory course by answering the quiz below. All the best and keep practicing

Questions and Answers

1.

Which fuel, on combustion, does not form a pollutant?
- A.
  
  petrol
- B.
  
  natural gas
- C.
  
  hydrogen
- D.
  
  diesel
Correct Answer
C. hydrogen

Explanation
Hydrogen is the fuel that, on combustion, does not form a pollutant. When hydrogen is burned, the only byproduct is water vapor, making it a clean and environmentally friendly fuel option. Unlike petrol, diesel, and natural gas, hydrogen combustion does not release harmful pollutants such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, or particulate matter into the atmosphere. Therefore, hydrogen is considered a cleaner alternative fuel that can help reduce air pollution and mitigate the effects of climate change.

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2.

The fractions obtained by fractional distillation of petroleum have different uses. Which fraction and use are correct?
- A.
  
  Bitumen - fuel for lorries and buses
- B.
  
  Kerosene - aircraft fuel
- C.
  
  Petrol - making waxes
- D.
  
  Lubricating oil - surfaces of roads
Correct Answer
B. Kerosene - aircraft fuel

Explanation
Kerosene is the correct fraction for aircraft fuel. Kerosene has a high energy content and a low freezing point, making it suitable for use as aviation fuel. It is commonly used in jet engines to power aircraft.

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3.

Which fraction from the fractional distillation of petroleum has the lowest boiling point?
- A.
  
  Diesel
- B.
  
  Kerosene
- C.
  
  Lubricating oil
- D.
  
  Petrol
Correct Answer
D. Petrol

Explanation
Petrol has the lowest boiling point among the given fractions from the fractional distillation of petroleum. This is because petrol consists of lighter hydrocarbon molecules compared to the other fractions. These lighter molecules have weaker intermolecular forces, which results in a lower boiling point.

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4.

Each homologous series has its ___________ _________, which gives rise to its unique chemical properties.

Correct Answer
functional group

Explanation
Each homologous series has its functional group, which gives rise to its unique chemical properties. The functional group is a specific group of atoms or bonds within a molecule that determines its reactivity and behavior. Different functional groups have different arrangements of atoms and therefore different chemical properties. For example, the presence of a hydroxyl group (-OH) in an alcohol gives it the ability to form hydrogen bonds and exhibit properties such as solubility in water. Thus, the functional group plays a crucial role in defining the characteristics and behavior of a homologous series.

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5.

Larger hydrocarbons such as kerosene or lubricating oil undergo cracking to produce smaller hydrocarbons such as p_________.

Correct Answer
etrol

Explanation
Larger hydrocarbons like kerosene or lubricating oil can undergo a process called cracking, which breaks them down into smaller hydrocarbons. One such smaller hydrocarbon that can be produced through cracking is petrol.

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Current Version
Mar 21, 2022

Quiz Edited by
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Jun 26, 2009

Quiz Created by
Vincenttan

Introduction To Organic Chemistry

Which fuel, on combustion, does not form a pollutant?

The fractions obtained by fractional distillation of petroleum have different uses. Which fraction and use are correct?

Which fraction from the fractional distillation of petroleum has the lowest boiling point?

Each homologous series has its ___________ _________, which gives rise to its unique chemical properties.

Larger hydrocarbons such as kerosene or lubricating oil undergo cracking to produce smaller hydrocarbons such as p_________.

Each homologous series has its ___ _, which gives rise to its unique chemical properties.