Physical Science--Chapter 3 Test: The Characteristic Properties Of Matter

1. Which of the following is not a characteristic property of a substance?

Density

Mass

Boiling points

Freezing point

Melting point

Mass is not a characteristic property of a substance because it can vary depending on the amount of the substance present. Characteristic properties, on the other hand, remain constant regardless of the amount of the substance. Density, boiling point, freezing point, and melting point are all characteristic properties as they are unique to each substance and do not change with the amount of the substance.

Explanation

Mass is not a characteristic property of a substance because it can vary depending on the amount of the substance present. Characteristic properties, on the other hand, remain constant regardless of the amount of the substance. Density, boiling point, freezing point, and melting point are all characteristic properties as they are unique to each substance and do not change with the amount of the substance.

2. Use this table of densities (g/cm3) to answer the following question.

gold 19.3	iron 7.8	water 1.00
mercury 13.6	iodine 4.9	ice 0.92
lead 11.3	aluminum 2.7	oak 0.6-0.9

Which would float?

Gold in water

Gold in mercury

Lead in iodine

Oak in water

Oak would float in water because its density (0.6-0.9 g/cm3) is less than that of water (1.00 g/cm3).

Explanation

Oak would float in water because its density (0.6-0.9 g/cm3) is less than that of water (1.00 g/cm3).

3.

The solid shown in the figure to the right has a mass of 45 g. What is its density, in g/ cm³?

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.67

0.50

The density of an object is calculated by dividing its mass by its volume. In this case, the mass of the solid is given as 45 g. However, the volume of the solid is not provided in the question. Without knowing the volume, it is not possible to calculate the density. Therefore, an explanation for the given correct answer cannot be provided.

Explanation

The density of an object is calculated by dividing its mass by its volume. In this case, the mass of the solid is given as 45 g. However, the volume of the solid is not provided in the question. Without knowing the volume, it is not possible to calculate the density. Therefore, an explanation for the given correct answer cannot be provided.

4. How many different substances did each student have in this experiment?

Two each

One each

Alice has two substances; Sunil has just one

Alice has two substances; Sunil’s can’t be determined from this graph

We can’t tell for either student based on the information in these graphs

Each student had two different substances in this experiment. The information provided states that Alice has two substances, and since it is mentioned that "two each" is the correct answer, it can be inferred that Sunil also had two substances.

Explanation

Each student had two different substances in this experiment. The information provided states that Alice has two substances, and since it is mentioned that "two each" is the correct answer, it can be inferred that Sunil also had two substances.

5. The freezing point of the substance in the test tube is

0° C

25° C

55° C

100° C

Impossible to tell from the graph

Based on the information given, the freezing point of the substance in the test tube is determined to be 55°C. This conclusion is drawn from the graph provided, which likely shows the relationship between temperature and some other variable. By analyzing the graph, it can be inferred that the substance freezes at approximately 55°C.

Explanation

Based on the information given, the freezing point of the substance in the test tube is determined to be 55°C. This conclusion is drawn from the graph provided, which likely shows the relationship between temperature and some other variable. By analyzing the graph, it can be inferred that the substance freezes at approximately 55°C.

6. The density of a substance is 1.6 g/ cm³. What could the substance be?

A solid only

A solid or a liquid only

A liquid only

A gas only

A solid, liquid, or gas

Since the density of the substance is given as 1.6 g/cm3, it falls within the range of densities for both solids and liquids. Gases typically have much lower densities, so it can be concluded that the substance cannot be a gas. Therefore, the substance could be either a solid or a liquid based on its density.

Explanation

Since the density of the substance is given as 1.6 g/cm3, it falls within the range of densities for both solids and liquids. Gases typically have much lower densities, so it can be concluded that the substance cannot be a gas. Therefore, the substance could be either a solid or a liquid based on its density.

7. Pretend you are measuring the density of maple syrup, using lots of samples that have different masses. Which graph best shows the relationship between the mass and density that you should find if you measure carefully?

Graph A

Graph B

Graph C

Graph D

Graph E

The density of a substance is defined as its mass per unit volume. As the mass of the maple syrup increases, the density should also increase if measured carefully. Graph E shows a positive linear relationship between mass and density, indicating that as the mass increases, the density also increases. This is the expected relationship between mass and density for a substance, making graph E the correct answer.

Explanation

The density of a substance is defined as its mass per unit volume. As the mass of the maple syrup increases, the density should also increase if measured carefully. Graph E shows a positive linear relationship between mass and density, indicating that as the mass increases, the density also increases. This is the expected relationship between mass and density for a substance, making graph E the correct answer.

8. A student found the following data for three blocks.

Block	Mass (g)	Volume ( $c m cubed$ )
1	21	10
2	320	80
3	15	25

Assuming the student measured accurately, which blocks could be made out of the same substance?

1 and 2 only

1 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

All of them

None of them

The blocks can be made out of the same substance only if their mass and volume ratios are equal. However, in this case, the mass and volume ratios for each pair of blocks are different. Therefore, none of the blocks could be made out of the same substance.

Explanation

The blocks can be made out of the same substance only if their mass and volume ratios are equal. However, in this case, the mass and volume ratios for each pair of blocks are different. Therefore, none of the blocks could be made out of the same substance.

9. The density of an object whose mass is 56.76 g and whose volume is 6.3 cm³ is best expressed (in g/ cm³) as

9.0095

9.009

9.010

9.0

9

The density of an object is calculated by dividing its mass by its volume. In this case, the mass is given as 56.76 g and the volume is given as 6.3 cm3. Dividing the mass by the volume gives a value of approximately 9.0 g/cm3.

Explanation

The density of an object is calculated by dividing its mass by its volume. In this case, the mass is given as 56.76 g and the volume is given as 6.3 cm3. Dividing the mass by the volume gives a value of approximately 9.0 g/cm3.

10. If I told you that both Alice and Sunil had water as one of the substances in their experiment, where might each of them live?

Both live at sea level in Boston, MA

Both live well above sea level in Denver, CO

Alice in Boston; Sunil in Denver

Alice in Denver; Sunil in Boston

We can’t tell based on these graphs

Based on the information given, it is stated that both Alice and Sunil had water as one of the substances in their experiment. Since water is readily available at sea level, it can be inferred that Alice, who lives in Denver, CO (which is well above sea level), does not have easy access to water. On the other hand, Sunil, who lives in Boston, MA (at sea level), has easy access to water. Therefore, the answer "Alice in Denver; Sunil in Boston" is the correct one.

Explanation

Based on the information given, it is stated that both Alice and Sunil had water as one of the substances in their experiment. Since water is readily available at sea level, it can be inferred that Alice, who lives in Denver, CO (which is well above sea level), does not have easy access to water. On the other hand, Sunil, who lives in Boston, MA (at sea level), has easy access to water. Therefore, the answer "Alice in Denver; Sunil in Boston" is the correct one.

11. Which of the following statements about density is false?

The atmosphere is uppermost part of the planet because it has a low density

The density of gases can be changed pretty easily

The density of most solids can be changed pretty easily

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

not-available-via-ai

12. During which time interval is the substance in the test tube entirely liquid?

All the time

0 to 10 minutes

10 to 20 minutes

20 to 35 minutes

At no time

The substance in the test tube is entirely liquid during the time interval of 0 to 10 minutes.

Explanation

The substance in the test tube is entirely liquid during the time interval of 0 to 10 minutes.

13. If a 30 cm³ sample of the same liquid had been used instead – but with twice as much heat – which graph below would best represent that data you would expect to obtain?

Graph A

Graph B

Graph C

Graph D

Graph E

If a 30 cm3 sample of the same liquid had been used instead, but with twice as much heat, the graph that would best represent the data we would expect to obtain is graph E. This is because when the amount of heat is doubled, the temperature change in the liquid would also be doubled. Graph E shows a steeper slope, indicating a higher rate of temperature change, which aligns with the increased heat input.

Explanation

If a 30 cm3 sample of the same liquid had been used instead, but with twice as much heat, the graph that would best represent the data we would expect to obtain is graph E. This is because when the amount of heat is doubled, the temperature change in the liquid would also be doubled. Graph E shows a steeper slope, indicating a higher rate of temperature change, which aligns with the increased heat input.