Nrsg 435 Exam 2

Therapy is most successful if it is started during adolescence

Replacement therapy requires daily subcutaneous injections

Hormonal supplementation will be required throughout child’s lifetime

Treatment is considered successful if children attain full stature by adolescence

Cretinism

Dwarfism

Gigantism

Acromegaly

A. Insomnia

B. Diarrhea

C. Dry skin

D. Rapid growth

A. Hypopituitarism

B. Diabetes insipidus

C. Syndrome of inappropriate ADH

D. Acute adrenocortical insufficiency

A. Hypothyroidism

B. Hyperthyroidism

C. Hyperparathyroidism

D. Hyperparathyroidism

A. Nausea

B. Seizures

C. Impaired vision

D. Frequent urination

A. 185 mg/dL

B. 220 mg/dL

C. 280 mg/dL

D. 330 mg/dL

A. Tremors, sweating, headaches

B. Hunger, nausea, lethargy

C. Confusion, slurred speech, anxiety

D. Blurred vision, weakness, polyphagia

A. Studies have shown that children with PKU outgrow the disease

B. Consumption of decreased amounts of protein and dairy products is advised

C. High protein and high dairy products consumption must be maintained

D. Exclusively breastfeeding is encouraged for maximal nutrition for the child

A. Short stature

B. Accelerated growth

C. Mental retardation

D. Obesity

A. It results in frequent evacuation of solids, liquids and gas

B. There is a passage of excessive amounts of meconium in the neonate

C. The colon has aganglionic segment

D. It results in excessive peristaltic movements within the GI tract

A. Hyperkalemia

B. Metabolic acidosis

C. Metabolic alkalosis

D. Hyperchloremia

A. Surgical therapy is indicated

B. Reduce frequency of feeding by encouraging larger volumes of formula

C. Place in prone position for sleep after feeding

D. Thicken feedings and enlarge the nipple hole

A. Hemorrhoids or anal fissures

B. Perianal or rectal area

C. Lower GI tract

D. Upper GI tract

A. Hepatitis A, B, and C vaccines

B. Hepatitis A vaccine

C. Hepatitis B vaccine

D. Hepatitis C vaccine

A. Fever, vomiting, and constipation

B. Weight loss, hypotension, and obstruction

C. Painless rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, or intestinal obstruction

D. Abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, and foul smelling stool

A. Intussusception

B. Pyloric stenosis

C. Tracheoesophageal fistula

D. Hirschsprung disease

A. Fatty, frothy, bulky, and foul smelling

B. Currant-jelly appearing

C. Small frothy and dark green

D. White with an ammonia like smell

A. Esophageal atresia

B. Cleft palate

C. Anorectal malformation

D. Billiary atresia

A. Assess the sucking ability of the infant

B. Assess the color of the lips

C. Palpate the palate with a gloved finger

D. Do all the above

1. Diplopia, blurred vision

2. Increased blood pressure

3. Low-pitched cry

4. Sunken fontanel

1. Indication of brain death

2. Severe brainstem damage

3. Eye trauma

4. Neurosurgical emergency

1. Decorticate posturing

2. Neurologic health

3. Severe brain damage

4. Decerebrate posturing

1. Turn head side to side every hour

2. Suction child frequently

3. Provide environmental stimulation

4. Avoid activities that cause pain or crying

1. Monitor fluid intake and output carefully to avoid fluid overload and cerebral edema

2. Avoid using sedatives and narcotics to provide comfort and pain

3. Change the child’s position infrequently to minimize the chance of ICP

4. Give tepid sponge baths to reduce fevers above 101 F because antipyretics are contraindicated?

1. Place on side

2. Take blood pressure

3. Check scalp and back for bleeding

4. Stabilize neck and spine

1. Bleeding is generally arterial, and brain compression occurs rapidly

2. Bleeding occurs between the dura and the skull

3. Bleeding occurs between the dura and the cerebrum

4. The hematoma commonly occurs in the parietotemporal region

1. Explain that analgesic is contraindicated with a head injury

2. Consult the MD about which analgesia can be safely administered

3. Teach parents that analgesia is unnecessary when child is fully awake and alert

4. Have parents describe the child’s previous experience with pain

1 .Notify parent that the child should go home

2. Stay with the child and make sure that emergency medical services are called

3. Notify parent and MD

4. Stay with child, offering calm reassurance

1. When medication is received from the pharmacy and labs have been drawn

2. Once diagnosis is confirmed

3. As soon as MD is notified of culture results

4. After the child’s fluid and electrolyte balance has been restored

1) Venous return improves, since child is in supine position

2) Metabolic rate increases

3) Circulatory stasis can lead to thrombus and embolus formation

4) Bone calcium increases, releasing excess calcium into the body

1) Keep child away from other immobilized children if possible

2) Encourage wearing pajamas

3) Take child for a “walk” by wagon outside the room

4) Let child have few behavioral limitations

1) Fractures rarely occur at the growth plate site because it absorbs shock well

2) Periosteum of a child’s bone is thinner, is weaker, and has less osteogenic potential

3) Pliable bones of growing children are less porous than those of the adult

4) Rapidity of healing is inversely related to the age of the child

1) Calmly ask the child to point to where the pain is worst and to wiggle fingers

2) Initiate and intravenous line and administer morphine for the pain

3) Have the parents hold the child so that nurse can examine the arm thoroughly

4) Send the child to radiology so that an x-ray film can be taken

1) Most preadolescents us the brace for 6 months

2) It will be necessary to wear the brace for the rest of your life

3) For as long as you have been told

4) Until your vertebral column has reached skeletal maturity

1) Positioning

2) Petaling

3) Paresthesia

4) Posturing

1) Cerebral trauma

2) Birth asphyxia

3) Prenatal or neonatal brain lesion or maldevelopment

4) CNS disease

1) Around 20% of affected children have normal intelligence

2) Mental retardation is expected if motor and sensory deficits are severe

3) About 55% of affected children have normal intelligence

4) Affected children have some degree of mental retardation

1) Monitoring and maintaining systemic blood pressure

2) Minimizing environmental stimuli

3) Discussing long-term care issues with the family

4) Administering immunoglobulin

1) Severe depression that will require long-term counseling

2) Denial response to her situation that makes rehabilitative efforts more difficult

3) Normal response to her situation that can be redirected in a healthy way

4) Normal phase of adolescent development

Cardiovascular anomalies

Myelomeningocele

Defects in lower extremities

Malformed or low-ears

PH 4.0

Specific gravity 1.020

WBC 1 or2 cells/ml

Protein level absent

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Urinary tract infection

School phobia

Glomerulonephritis

Surgery is indicated to reverse scarring

Having siblings examined for VCR

Limited fluids to reduce reflux

Give cranberry juice twice a day

Immune complex formation and glomerular deposition

Infarction of renal vessels

Bacterial endotoxin deposition on and destruction of glomeruli

Embolization of glomeruli by bacteria and fibrin endocardial vegetation

Reduced serum albumin

Normal platelet count

Low specific gravity

Decreased hemoglobin

Minimize excretion of urinary protein

Increase ability of tissue to retain fluid

Lower serum protein levels

Reduce blood pressure