Nrsg 435 Exam 2
- 1.
- A child with hypopituitarism is being started on growth hormone therapy. Nursing considerations should be based on knowledge of which of the following?
- A.
Therapy is most successful if it is started during adolescence
- B.
Replacement therapy requires daily subcutaneous injections
- C.
Hormonal supplementation will be required throughout child’s lifetime
- D.
Treatment is considered successful if children attain full stature by adolescence
- 2.
- Which of the following is a condition that can result if hypersecretion of GH occurs after epiphyseal closure?
- A.
Cretinism
- B.
Dwarfism
- C.
Gigantism
- D.
Acromegaly
- 3.Which of the following is a common clinical manifestation of juvenile hypothyroidism?
- A.
A. Insomnia
- B.
B. Diarrhea
- C.
C. Dry skin
- D.
D. Rapid growth
- 4.Intranasal administration of Desmopressin Acetate (DDAVP) is used to treat:
- A.
A. Hypopituitarism
- B.
B. Diabetes insipidus
- C.
C. Syndrome of inappropriate ADH
- D.
D. Acute adrenocortical insufficiency
- 5.
- Exophthalmos (protruding eyeballs) may occur in children with of the following conditions?
- A.
A. Hypothyroidism
- B.
B. Hyperthyroidism
- C.
C. Hyperparathyroidism
- D.
D. Hyperparathyroidism
- 6.
- Which of the following is considered a cardinal sign of diabetes mellitus?
- A.
A. Nausea
- B.
B. Seizures
- C.
C. Impaired vision
- D.
D. Frequent urination
- 7.
- Hyperglycemia associated with diabetic ketoacidosis is defined as a blood glucose measurement equal to or greater than:
- A.
A. 185 mg/dL
- B.
B. 220 mg/dL
- C.
C. 280 mg/dL
- D.
D. 330 mg/dL
- 8.
- Signs of Hyperglycemia include:
- A.
A. Tremors, sweating, headaches
- B.
B. Hunger, nausea, lethargy
- C.
C. Confusion, slurred speech, anxiety
- D.
D. Blurred vision, weakness, polyphagia
- 9.
- Which teaching would be important to discuss with the family of a child born with PKU?
- A.
A. Studies have shown that children with PKU outgrow the disease
- B.
B. Consumption of decreased amounts of protein and dairy products is advised
- C.
C. High protein and high dairy products consumption must be maintained
- D.
D. Exclusively breastfeeding is encouraged for maximal nutrition for the child
- 10.
- Early detection of hypothyroidism and phenylketonuria is essential in preventing what in infants?
- A.
A. Short stature
- B.
B. Accelerated growth
- C.
C. Mental retardation
- D.
D. Obesity
- 11.
- The nurse is preparing a community outreach program for adolescents about the characteristic differences between type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, which of the following concepts should the nurse include?
- A.
A. Type one DM has an abrupt onset
- B.
B. Type 1 is often with oral glucose agents
- C.
C. Type one DM occurs primarily in Caucasians
- D.
D. Type two requires insulin therapy
- E.
E. Type 2 DM frequently has a familial history
- F.
F. Type 2 DM occurs in people who are overweight
- 12.
- Which of the following statements best describes Hirschsprung disease?
- A.
A. It results in frequent evacuation of solids, liquids and gas
- B.
B. There is a passage of excessive amounts of meconium in the neonate
- C.
C. The colon has aganglionic segment
- D.
D. It results in excessive peristaltic movements within the GI tract
- 13.
- A child with pyloric stenosis is having excessive vomiting. Which of the following is a potential complication?
- A.
A. Hyperkalemia
- B.
B. Metabolic acidosis
- C.
C. Metabolic alkalosis
- D.
D. Hyperchloremia
- 14.A parent of an infant with gastroesophageal reflux asks how to decrease the number and total volume of emesis. The nurse includes in the teaching:
- A.
A. Surgical therapy is indicated
- B.
B. Reduce frequency of feeding by encouraging larger volumes of formula
- C.
C. Place in prone position for sleep after feeding
- D.
D. Thicken feedings and enlarge the nipple hole
- 15.
- Melena, the passage of black, tarry stools, suggests bleeding from the:
- A.
A. Hemorrhoids or anal fissures
- B.
B. Perianal or rectal area
- C.
C. Lower GI tract
- D.
D. Upper GI tract
- 16.
- Which of the following is now recommended for the immunization of all newborns?
- A.
A. Hepatitis A, B, and C vaccines
- B.
B. Hepatitis A vaccine
- C.
C. Hepatitis B vaccine
- D.
D. Hepatitis C vaccine
- 17.
- The clinical manifestations of Meckel Diverticulum include:
- A.
A. Fever, vomiting, and constipation
- B.
B. Weight loss, hypotension, and obstruction
- C.
C. Painless rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, or intestinal obstruction
- D.
D. Abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, and foul smelling stool
- 18.
- An invagination of one portion of the bowel into another is called:
- A.
A. Intussusception
- B.
B. Pyloric stenosis
- C.
C. Tracheoesophageal fistula
- D.
D. Hirschsprung disease
- 19.
- Symptoms in celiac disease include stools that are:
- A.
A. Fatty, frothy, bulky, and foul smelling
- B.
B. Currant-jelly appearing
- C.
C. Small frothy and dark green
- D.
D. White with an ammonia like smell
- 20.
- The nurse observes frothy saliva in the mouth and nose of the neonate, as well as frequent drooling. When fed, the infant swallows normally, but suddenly the fluid returns through the infant’s nose and mouth. The nurse should suspect what condition?
- A.
A. Esophageal atresia
- B.
B. Cleft palate
- C.
C. Anorectal malformation
- D.
D. Billiary atresia
- 21.
- An important assessment for the nurse to perform in identifying cleft palate is to:
- A.
A. Assess the sucking ability of the infant
- B.
B. Assess the color of the lips
- C.
C. Palpate the palate with a gloved finger
- D.
D. Do all the above
- 22.
- Which child may need extra fluids to prevent dehydration? Select all that apply.
- A.
A. 7-day-old receiving phototherapy
- B.
B. 6-month-old with newly diagnoses of pyloric stenosis
- C.
C. 2-year-old with pneumonia
- D.
D. 2-year-old with full-thickness burns to the chest, back and abdomen
- E.
E. 13-year-old who has just started her mensus
- 23.Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of increased intracranial pressure in children?
- A.
1. Diplopia, blurred vision
- B.
2. Increased blood pressure
- C.
3. Low-pitched cry
- D.
4. Sunken fontanel
- 24.The nurse is carefully monitoring a child who is unconscious after a fall and notices the child suddenly has a fixed and dilated pupil. The nurse should interpret this as which of the following?
- A.
1. Indication of brain death
- B.
2. Severe brainstem damage
- C.
3. Eye trauma
- D.
4. Neurosurgical emergency
- 25.The nurse is doing a neurologic assessment on a 2 month old infant after a car accident. Moro, tonic neck, and withdrawal reflexes are present. The nurse should recognize that these reflexes suggest which of the following?
- A.
1. Decorticate posturing
- B.
2. Neurologic health
- C.
3. Severe brain damage
- D.
4. Decerebrate posturing
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