How Does Microbiology Work - Quiz

Also called redox reaction

Oxidation is the removal of electrons from an atom or molecule, which will produce energy and reduction is the gaining of electrons

NADH is the oxidized form while NAD+ is the reduced form

Glucose is a reduced molecule

True

False

They interact with another part of the enzyme, called allosteric site

This binding will change the shape of the active site, making it nonfunctional

The enzyme activity remains the same all in all

Depending of the ability of the active site to return to its original shape, it can be either reversible or irreversible

Competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors

PH: enzyme activity declines when above or below optimum pH of most enzymes

Temperature: rate of reaction declines beyond the optimal temperature because the enzyme loses its characteristics (tertiary configuration), called denaturation

Enzymatic activity increases as substrate concentration increases until the enzymes are saturated

Catabolism refers to chemical reactions that result in the breakdown of more complex organic molecules into simple substances.

Catabolic and anabolic reactions usually require energy

Anabolism refers to chemical reactions in which complex substances are combined together to form even more complex molecules

The energy for chemical reactions is stored in ATP

Metabolism is the bigger category that is divided in chemical reactions that release energy and chemical reactions that require energy

A, B, and C are correct

A, D, and E are correct

B and C are correct

None is correct

All is correct

ATP stores energy derived from catabolic reactions and releases it later to drive anabolic reactions and perform other cellular work

Catabolic reactions transfer energy from complex molecules to ATP such as glucose, starch and lipids

Anabolic reactions transfer energy from ATP to complex molecules such as glycerol, fatty acids and proteins

When the terminal phosphate group is split from ATP, adenosine diphosphate (ADP) is formed, and energy is released to drive anabolic reactions

They are specific

Catalysts are substances that can speed up a chemical reaction without being permanently altered themselves. Enzymes serve as biological catalysts.

Have an active site

The enzyme-substrate complex formed by the temporary binding of enzymes and reactants enables the collisions to be more efective and increases the activation energy of the reaction.

6 NADH

2 Pyruvates

4 CO2

Acetyl CoA

2 Guanosine diphosphate (GDP)

2 FADH2

2 FAD

2 Guanosine triphosphate (GTP)

6 NAD+

2 Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

2 H2O

2 adenosine diphosphate (ADP)

2 NADH

2 Pyruvic acids

2 NAD+

Fermentation can be either aerobic or anaerobic. It releases energy from sugars or other organic molecules by oxidation.

Fermentation requires O2

NAD+ is being reduced in fermentation, glycolysis and Krebs cycle

Aerobic respiration consists of the Krebs Cycle, the Electron Transport Chain (system) and chemiosmosis

The final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration is an inorganic molecule other than O2 or, rarely, an organic molecule

Glycolysis is an aerobic pathway for the oxidation of glucose

The total ATP yield is less than in aerobic respiration because only part of the Krebs cycle operates under anaerobic conditions

B, E, and F are false

B, C, E and G are false

All is true

All is false

Pentose phosphate pathway

Calvin-Benson cycle

Krebs cycle

Entner-Doudoroff pathway

Embden-Meyerhof pathway

True

False

Lipases break down fat into its fatty acids and glycerol components

Proteases and peptidases break down proteins into amino acids

Transamination, decarboxylation and dehydrogenation reactions convert the amino acids to be catabolized

A and B are false

All is false

None is false

True, so easy man.

False, never ready for that.