Microbiology Quiz Chapter 4
Questions based on the chapter 4 of Microbiology an introduction and the learning objectives provided by the teacher.
- 1.We can find bacteria in multiple sizes, shapes with multiple functions as prokaryotic cells. Find which ones fit their nature. (can pick more than one)
- A.
Bacteria that come in spheres and remain attached in chainlike patterns are called streptococci
- B.
The basic shapes of bacteria are coccobacillus, tetrads and spirochete
- C.
A rod-shaped bacterium is called bacillus
- D.
Staphyloccoci are associated with grapelike clusters or broad sheets
- E.
Cocci can be oval, elongated, round, or flattened on one side
- F.
Some environmental conditions can alter the shape of a bacterium
- G.
Spiral bacteria can be either straight or twisted
- H.
A bacterium with an intermediate shape between a coccus and a bacillus is called coccobacillus
- 2.The main distinctions between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is the absence of organelles and the structure of cell walls and membranes.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 3.Here are some characteristics about prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
- A.
Prokaryotic cells don't have their DNA enclosed within a nucleus
- B.
Eukaryotes DNA is not associated with histones while prokaryotes DNA is consistently associated with those chromosomal proteins
- C.
Archaea contain pseudomurein cell walls
- D.
Prokaryotes divide by binary fission while eukaryotes divide by mitotic spindle
- E.
Cell walls of prokaryotes contain many nutrients like polysaccharides
- F.
B and E are false
- G.
B, C and E are false
- H.
None is false
- 4.______, external to the cell wall, it is composed of polysaccharide and/or polypeptide. Can be described as either a capsule or a slime layer. It is also a very important component of ______.
- 5.All but one is true to glycocalyx's functions. Which are false? (can pick more than one)
- A.
Slime layer can contribute to bacterial virulence
- B.
Capsules can protect viruses from phagocytosis by the cells of the host.
- C.
Can protect a cell against dehydration
- D.
A glycocalyx's viscosity will enhance the movement of nutrients out of the cell
- E.
None is false
- 6.The endosymbiotic theory explains that _______ originates from ___________, meaning that larger bacterial cells lost their _____ and engulfed smaller bacterial cells.
- 7.Chose whatever is true about the movement of materials across membranes.
- A.
Active processes mean the cell must uses ATP energy to move substances from area of low concentration to areas of high concentration (with the concentration gradient)
- B.
Passive processes mean that substances cross the membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without any use of ATP energy by the cell
- C.
Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion and osmosis are parts of active processes
- D.
Simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion involve integral proteins
- E.
Simple diffusion is used especially with the transportation of small molecules across their cell membrane
- F.
Osmotic pressure is the pressure required to prevent the movement of pure water into a solution containing some solutes
- G.
Osmosis is the net movement of solvent molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area with a high concentration of solvent molecules to an area of high concentration of solvent molecules
- H.
Group translocation occurs exclusively in prokaryotes.
- I.
When group translocation occurs, the substance is chemically altered during transport across the membrane, making the plasma membrane impermeable to the altered substance so it'll remain inside the cell.
- 8.Why are mycoplasmas resistant to antibiotics that interfere with cell wall synthesis?
- A.
They are considered viruses
- B.
They have no cell wall
- C.
Since they are the smallest known bacteria, antibiotics can't affect them
- D.
Their sterols containing plasma membranes protect them
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