Ocean Conservation: Challenges and Solutions

The main cause of sea level rise is the melting of glaciers and ice caps. As global temperatures rise, these ice formations melt, contributing to the increase in the volume of seawater and subsequent rise in sea levels, posing risks to coastal communities and ecosystems.

All of the options mentioned are potential solutions to combat ocean pollution. Promoting recycling and waste management, implementing stricter regulations on industrial waste discharge, and reducing single-use plastics can significantly contribute to reducing the pollution and its detrimental effects on the marine environment.

Corals are the marine organisms most affected by ocean acidification. The acidification of seawater due to increased carbon dioxide levels makes it difficult for corals to build their calcium carbonate skeletons, leading to coral bleaching and eventual death.

All of the options mentioned are major causes of ocean pollution. Plastic waste, oil spills, and chemical runoff from industries and agriculture have significant negative impacts on marine environments, threatening the health of marine species and ecosystems.

The process of gradual increase in the acidity of ocean water is called ocean acidification. It occurs when excessive carbon dioxide is absorbed by seawater, leading to lower pH levels. Ocean acidification poses significant risks to marine organisms, particularly those with calcium carbonate shells or skeletons.

Nutrient pollution originates from excessive nutrient runoff, primarily from agricultural activities and wastewater discharge. When these nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, enter the water, they fuel the growth of harmful algal blooms, which can produce toxins detrimental to marine life and human health.

Microplastics are the largest source of marine plastic pollution. These tiny plastic particles, often resulting from the breakdown of larger plastic items, are pervasive throughout the oceans and can be ingested by marine organisms, causing harm to their health and survival.

The Convention on Biological Diversity aims to protect the ocean and its resources through international cooperation. It addresses the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity, recognizing the importance of oceans in supporting life on Earth.

Sea turtles are often referred to as indicator species for ocean health. As long-lived and migratory creatures, they are dependent on healthy marine ecosystems and their presence or absence serves as an indication of the overall well-being of the oceans.

The process of oxygen depletion in aquatic ecosystems is called eutrophication. It occurs when excessive nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus from agricultural runoff or sewage discharge, lead to excessive algal growth. The decay of these algae consumes oxygen, causing harm to marine life.