Coastal Sciences Exam: Ultimate Quiz!

When an organism dies, scavengers consume much of the organic debris, particularly animal debris. Decomposers are bacteria and fungi that complete the final step in the food web.

When an organism dies, decomposers scavenge the remains, there is no difference between decomposers and scavengers.

When an organism dies scavengers consisting of bacteria and fungi complete the process in the food web.

Both are detrital. When an organism dies uneaten debris is broken down by wave action, wind, heat, forming detritus

The original source of energy is the sun.

The original source of energy is the ocean.

The original source of energy are the producers.

The original source of energy is the moon and tides.

Moon and sun’s gravitational pull on Earth.

Earth's rotation and its gravitational pull.

Sun’s gravitational pull on Earth.

The oceans wave energy.

Theory

Hypothesis

Conclusion

Data

Laborador/Virginia and the Gulf Stream currents

Gulf of Mexico and Laborador/Virginia currents

Canadian and Gulf of Mexico currents

Coast of Greenland and Gulf Stream currents

Between the swash zone (shoreface where waves break) and the dune

Fine silt

Loam

Coarse sand

Clay

Birth of an inlet

Nor'easter wind tide

Formation of a tidal delta

Spring tide

Energy is passed through the community through feeding relationships.

Energy is passed through the community as organisms move about their habitat.

Energy is passed through the community through organism decomposition.

Energy is passed through the community as organisms breed and grow.

Ocean, Ocean Beach, Sand Dune, Maritime Forest, Salt Marsh, Sound, Tidal Flat.

Ocean, Ocean Beach, Sand Dune, Maritime Forest, Salt Marsh, Sound, Rock Jetty.

Ocean Beach, Ocean, Sand Dune, Maritime Forest, Salt Marsh, Sound, Tidal Flat.

Ocean, Longshore Current, Sand Dune, Maritime Forest, Salt Marsh, Sound, Tidal Flat.

Fall.

Winter.

Spring.

Summer.

#1 sand, #2 silt, #3 clay

#1 course sand, #2 fine sand , #3 silt

#1 rock, #2 sand, #3 silt

#1 mud, #2 silt, #3 clay

Marsh peat

Overwash sediments

Dune sand

Coastal plain/estuarine sediment

Overwash fan

Berm

Shoreface

Dune

A Barrier Island is a long, narrow body of sand separated from the mainland by a sound and from other islands by inlets at both ends.

A Barrier Island is a short, wide body of sand separated from the mainland by a sound and from other islands by inlets at both ends.

A Barrier Island is a long, narrow body of sand separated from other islands by a sound.

A Barrier Island is a body of sand separated from the mainland by an inlet.

Estuary waters are a mixture of tidewater and longshore current.

Estuary waters are a mixture of soundwater and ocean water.

Estuary waters are a mixture of soundwater and littoral drift.

Estuary waters are a mixture of fresh and salt water.

Free floating microscopic plants that are the basis of the marine food chain.

Free floating microscopic animals that are the basis of the marine food chain.

Free floating microscopic scavengers that support the marine food chain.

Diatoms that cause red tide and are toxic to the marine food chain.

Scavengers

Decomposers

Producers

Herbivores

Saltation.

Transpiration.

Ocean waves.

Mineralization.

30 - 60 feet

10 - 20 feet

20 - 40 feet

40 - 70 feet

Seawall

Jetty

Groin

Breakers

Predators and Evaporation

Transpiration and Predators

Dehydration and Evaporation

Transpiration and Evaporation

Longshore current.

Tidal current.

Ebb tidal delta.

Flood tidal delta.

Littoral current.

Barrier island migration.

Barrier island rollover.

Barrier island formation

Barrier island shoreface erosion.

Dinoflagellates cause 'red tides' when sudden blooms of certain species occur. Tiny whiplike tails enable them to swirl about in the water.

Diatoms cause 'red tides' when sudden blooms of certain species occur. Tiny whiplike tails enable them to swirl about in the water.

Zooplankton cause 'red tides' when sudden blooms of certain species occur. Tiny whiplike tails enable them to swirl about in the water.

Amphipods cause 'red tides' when sudden blooms of certain species occur. Tiny whiplike tails enable them to swirl about in the water.

An operational definition helps to define particular terms or describe how to measure a particular variable

An operational definition is used to decide the control in the experiment

An operational definition helps to compare data

An operational definition is used to analyze data in the conclusion

35 ppt

55 ppt

15 ppt

25 ppt

Problem

Qualitative research

Quantitative research

Hypothesis

Rollover.

Littoral drift.

Longshore current.

Saltation

The back dune end of the supratidal zone

The movement of sand offshore during a storm

The supratidal ledge of sand at the high tide line

The edge of the swash (shoreface where waves break) zone

Bottom material ocean organisms live in or on.

Bottom material found in the ocean.

Bottom material organisms live in or on.

Subtidal nutrients.

The subtidal zone is between the high and low tide lines.

The subtidal zone is above the high tide line.

The subtidal zone is always covered by water, below the low tide water line.

The subtidal zone is between the sand bar and the berm.

The subtidal zone is between the swash zone (shoreface where waves break) and the dune.

#1 suspension, #2 saltation, #3 creep

#1 saltation, #2 suspension, #3 creep

#1 suspension, #2 saltation, #3 impact threshold

#1 fluid threshold, #2 saltation, #3 impact threshold

The diagram shows how sea level rise causes barrier islands to migration upslope toward the mainland on the continental shelf.

The diagram shows the formation of a barrier island on the continental slope.

The diagram rising sea level erosion of a barrier islands on the continental slope.

The diagram shows the migration of a barrier island.

# 1 ebb tidal delta, # 2 flood tidal delta

# 1 flood tidal delta, # 2 ebb tidal delta

#1 littoral drift, #2 tidal flat

# 1tidal flat, #2 flood tidal delta

Salt tolerance

Grows quickly

Predator tolerant

Wind and wave tolerant

A beach is any area of shoreline affected by winds or water.

A beach is any area of shoreline affected by ordinary waves that includes the nearshore sand bar and berm.

A beach is an area of the shoreline that includes the berm and is affected by ordinary waves.

A beach is only the large area near the berm of the shoreline affected by ordinary waves.

The movement of sand by the long shore current along the shoreline.

The tidal accumulation of sand parallel to the island.

The tidal flow of sand into the sound accumulating in a flood tidal delta.

The tidal movement of sand along the sound side of the island.

Spring.

Summer.

Fall.

Winter.

With sea level rise, the mainland coastal plain receded faster than the islands had migrated landward.

The Outer Banks are floating seaward due to migration.

The Outer Banks are returning to their original location further out on the continental shelf.

Sound waters in the basin behind the Outer Banks are filling with sand causing the islands to roll seaward.

Step 1: Sea level is low at the peak of glacial covering of the land.

Step 2: Glacial melt water floods coastal plain low land filling trenches and river valleys with fresh water and forming estuaries.

Step 3: Coastal plain lowland flooding continues to wash sediment to form barrier island spits along the coastal headlands.

Step 4: Sea level rises and storms breach the barrier sand spits that separate the barrier sand spits from the mainland. Cutting the sand spits off from their original longshore sand supply. The gradual continued rise in sea level floods the low coastal plain of the mainland causing mainland shore retreat further separating and isolating the barrier island from the mainland.

That a maritime forest is found in the middle of the widest part of an island.

That barrier islands are long and thin.

That a dune is not found on the sound side of an island.

That the island hasn't much shade from the sun.

Spring

Summer

Winter

Fall

It is a seawall. As as result of its presence, wave energy is redirected which enhances the erosion of both the front and sides of the wall.

It is a groin. As as result of its presence, wave energy is redirected which enhances the erosion of the front of the wall.

It is a jetty. As as result of its presence, wave energy is redirected which enhances the erosion of the front of the wall.

It is a breakwater.

Littoral current.

This kind of hard stabilization is a groin.

This kind of hard stabilization is a jetty.

This kind of hard stabilization is a seawall.

This kind of hard stabilization is a breakwater.

Littoral current.

Sand tends to accumulate any place where there is a sufficient reduction of wind energy in the direction that sand drifts in and any obstacle, such as a rock outcrop or a stand of vegetation, forces sand accumulation by lowering the wind speed.

Sand tends to accumulate any place where there is a abundant wind velocity in the direction that sand drifts in and any obstacle, such as a rock outcrop or a stand of vegetation, forces sand accumulation by lowering the wind speed.

Sand tends to accumulate any place where there is a sufficient reduction of sand in the sand drifts in and any obstacle, such as a rock outcrop or a stand of vegetation, forces sand accumulation by sustaining the wind speed.

Sand tends to accumulate any place where there is a sufficient reduction of sand in the sand drifts in and any obstacle, such as a rock outcrop or a stand of vegetation, forces sand accumulation by lowering the wind speed.

Spring

Winter

Summer

Fall

Step 1: Sea level is low at the peak of glacial covering of the land.

Step 2: Glacial melt water floods coastal plain low land filling trenches and river valleys with fresh water and forming estuaries.

Step 3: Coastal plain lowland flooding continues to wash sediment to form barrier island sand spits along the coastal plain headlands.

Step 4: Sea level rise and storms that breach the barrier spits separate the barrier spits from the mainland. Cutting them off from their original longshore sand supply. The gradual continued rise in sea level floods the low coastal plain on the mainland causing mainland shore retreat further separating and isolating the barrier island from the mainland.

Salt spray from wind kills back the tips of the tree and shrub branches causing them to look sheard and grow stunted and twisted.

Salt spray from wind nourishes the trees and shrubs causing their leaves to grow long and wide.

Salt spray from wind prevents trees and shrubs from growing on the back dune.

Dune plants: are evergreen plants with thin, needle like leaves tSalt spray from wind protects the trees and shrubs with a layer of salt covering.hat can tolerate wind, water and salt.