Coastal Sciences Exam: Ultimate Quiz!
- 1.
Choose the most complete answer to this statement. Geologists like Dr. Pilkey define a beach as:
- A.
A beach is any area of shoreline affected by winds or water.
- B.
A beach is any area of shoreline affected by ordinary waves that includes the nearshore sand bar and berm.
- C.
A beach is an area of the shoreline that includes the berm and is affected by ordinary waves.
- D.
A beach is only the large area near the berm of the shoreline affected by ordinary waves.
Correct Answer
B. A beach is any area of shoreline affected by ordinary waves that includes the nearshore sand bar and berm.Explanation
The correct answer explains that a beach is not just any area of shoreline affected by winds or water, but specifically an area that includes the nearshore sand bar and berm and is affected by ordinary waves. This answer provides the most complete definition of a beach by including specific features and the type of waves that affect it.Rate this question:
-
- 2.
IDENTIFY: The two major currents that affect North Carolina's climate.
- A.
Laborador/Virginia and the Gulf Stream currents
- B.
Gulf of Mexico and Laborador/Virginia currents
- C.
Canadian and Gulf of Mexico currents
- D.
Coast of Greenland and Gulf Stream currents
- E.
Between the swash zone (shoreface where waves break) and the dune
Correct Answer
A. Laborador/Virginia and the Gulf Stream currentsExplanation
The correct answer is Laborador/Virginia and the Gulf Stream currents. These two major currents have a significant impact on North Carolina's climate. The Laborador/Virginia current brings cold water from the north, which can lower temperatures along the coast. On the other hand, the Gulf Stream current carries warm water from the south, which can increase temperatures and contribute to the formation of hurricanes along the coast. The interaction between these two currents influences the overall climate patterns in North Carolina.Rate this question:
-
- 3.
Choose the best definition of a barrier island.
- A.
A Barrier Island is a long, narrow body of sand separated from the mainland by a sound and from other islands by inlets at both ends.
- B.
A Barrier Island is a short, wide body of sand separated from the mainland by a sound and from other islands by inlets at both ends.
- C.
A Barrier Island is a long, narrow body of sand separated from other islands by a sound.
- D.
A Barrier Island is a body of sand separated from the mainland by an inlet.
Correct Answer
A. A Barrier Island is a long, narrow body of sand separated from the mainland by a sound and from other islands by inlets at both ends.Explanation
A barrier island is a specific type of landform that is characterized by its long and narrow shape. It is composed of sand and is located parallel to the mainland, with a sound separating it from the mainland. Additionally, it is also separated from other islands by inlets at both ends. This definition clearly describes the main features and characteristics of a barrier island, making it the best definition among the given options.Rate this question:
-
- 4.
Why are estuaries considered brackish?
- A.
Estuary waters are a mixture of tidewater and longshore current.
- B.
Estuary waters are a mixture of soundwater and ocean water.
- C.
Estuary waters are a mixture of soundwater and littoral drift.
- D.
Estuary waters are a mixture of fresh and salt water.
Correct Answer
D. Estuary waters are a mixture of fresh and salt water.Explanation
Estuaries are considered brackish because they are a mixture of fresh and salt water. This occurs when rivers meet the ocean, creating a transition zone where the two types of water mix. The fresh water from the rivers flows into the estuary, while the salt water from the ocean enters with the tides. The combination of these two types of water creates a brackish environment with a lower salinity compared to the open ocean. Estuaries are important ecosystems that support a diverse range of plants and animals adapted to this unique mix of fresh and salt water.Rate this question:
-
- 5.
The kind of sediment deposited in shoreline habitats depends on:
- A.
Estuary deposits
- B.
Tidal amplitude
- C.
Water turbulence
- D.
Coastal plain migration
Correct Answer
C. Water turbulenceExplanation
Water turbulence refers to the movement and agitation of water in a shoreline habitat. This turbulence plays a crucial role in determining the type of sediment that gets deposited in these habitats. High water turbulence can result in the deposition of coarse sediments such as sand and gravel, while low water turbulence allows for the settling of finer sediments like silt and clay. Therefore, the kind of sediment deposited in shoreline habitats is influenced by the level of water turbulence present in the area.Rate this question:
-
- 6.
What is a berm and where is it found?
- A.
The back dune end of the supratidal zone
- B.
The movement of sand offshore during a storm
- C.
The supratidal ledge of sand at the high tide line
- D.
The edge of the swash (shoreface where waves break) zone
Correct Answer
C. The supratidal ledge of sand at the high tide lineExplanation
A berm is a supratidal ledge of sand that is found at the high tide line. It is a raised area of sand that separates the beach from the dunes or other coastal features. This feature is typically formed by the deposition of sand by waves and tides, creating a natural barrier between the beach and the higher coastal areas.Rate this question:
-
- 7.
What is the average salinity of the ocean?
- A.
35 ppt
- B.
55 ppt
- C.
15 ppt
- D.
25 ppt
Correct Answer
A. 35 pptExplanation
The average salinity of the ocean is 35 ppt. Salinity refers to the concentration of salt in water, and ppt stands for parts per thousand. This means that for every thousand parts of water, there are 35 parts of salt. Salinity in the ocean can vary depending on factors such as evaporation, precipitation, and freshwater input from rivers. However, on average, the salinity is around 35 ppt.Rate this question:
-
- 8.
What kind of sediment settle in the sound?
- A.
Fine silt
- B.
Loam
- C.
Coarse sand
- D.
Clay
Correct Answer
A. Fine siltExplanation
Fine silt settles in the sound because it is a type of sediment that has small particles and a low settling velocity. The sound, being a body of water with relatively calm conditions, allows for the fine silt to settle and accumulate on the bottom. This sediment type is often found in areas with low energy environments, such as estuaries or bays, where the water movement is minimal and allows for the particles to slowly settle out of suspension.Rate this question:
-
- 9.
What kind of sediments settle on the ocean beach?
- A.
Silt
- B.
Gravel
- C.
Coarse sand
- D.
Clay
Correct Answer
C. Coarse sandExplanation
Coarse sand is the correct answer because sediments that settle on the ocean beach are typically larger in size and have a grain size between 0.2 and 2.0 millimeters. Coarse sand fits within this range and is commonly found on beaches due to its ability to resist erosion and provide stability.Rate this question:
-
- 10.
Debris and detritus are deposited ___________________
- A.
At the high tide line.
- B.
At the shoreline.
- C.
Along the shoreface.
- D.
In the intertidal zone.
Correct Answer
A. At the high tide line.Explanation
Debris and detritus are deposited at the high tide line because this is the area where the highest point of the tide reaches during each tidal cycle. As the tide rises, it carries with it various materials such as seaweed, shells, and other organic matter, which then get deposited at the high tide line when the tide recedes. This area is typically marked by a distinct line of debris, making it a common location for the accumulation of washed-up items.Rate this question:
-
- 11.
Phytoplankton are_______________________
- A.
Free floating microscopic plants that are the basis of the marine food chain.
- B.
Free floating microscopic animals that are the basis of the marine food chain.
- C.
Free floating microscopic scavengers that support the marine food chain.
- D.
Diatoms that cause red tide and are toxic to the marine food chain.
Correct Answer
A. Free floating microscopic plants that are the basis of the marine food chain.Explanation
Phytoplankton are free floating microscopic plants that are the basis of the marine food chain. They are responsible for producing a large portion of the Earth's oxygen and serve as primary producers, converting sunlight and nutrients into energy through photosynthesis. They are an essential food source for many marine organisms, including zooplankton, which in turn are eaten by larger animals. Phytoplankton also play a crucial role in carbon cycling and are important indicators of the health of marine ecosystems.Rate this question:
-
- 12.
Most supratidal animals are ____________ that feed on debris and detritus along the strand line.
- A.
Scavengers
- B.
Decomposers
- C.
Producers
- D.
Herbivores
Correct Answer
A. ScavengersExplanation
Supratidal animals are organisms that live in the area above the high tide line. They are exposed to air during low tide and rely on food sources that are washed up along the strand line. Scavengers are animals that feed on dead organisms or decaying organic matter, making them well-suited to feed on debris and detritus found in the supratidal zone. Decomposers break down organic matter, producers create their own food through photosynthesis, and herbivores feed on plants, none of which accurately describe the feeding behavior of supratidal animals.Rate this question:
-
- 13.
Strong winds effect the ocean beach habitat. Strong winds (of at least 10 mph) cause fine sand particles to bounce and mound into piles this is called:
- A.
Saltation.
- B.
Transpiration.
- C.
Ocean waves.
- D.
Mineralization.
Correct Answer
A. Saltation.Explanation
Strong winds (of at least 10 mph) can cause fine sand particles on the ocean beach to bounce and mound into piles. This process is known as saltation. Saltation occurs when the wind's force is strong enough to lift and transport these particles, resulting in the formation of sand dunes or mounds. Transpiration refers to the process by which plants release water vapor, while ocean waves are the result of wind blowing across the surface of the ocean. Mineralization, on the other hand, refers to the process of converting organic matter into minerals.Rate this question:
-
- 14.
Identify the event shown in the image.
- A.
Birth of an inlet
- B.
Nor'easter wind tide
- C.
Formation of a tidal delta
- D.
Spring tide
Correct Answer
A. Birth of an inletExplanation
The event shown in the image is the "Birth of an inlet." This can be inferred from the visual clues in the image, such as the formation of a new waterway or channel that connects a larger body of water to a smaller one. The term "birth" suggests the creation or emergence of something new, which aligns with the formation of an inlet.Rate this question:
-
- 15.
Identify the season beach change shown in the diagram below:
- A.
Spring
- B.
Summer
- C.
Winter
- D.
Fall
Correct Answer
B. SummerExplanation
The correct answer is Summer because in the diagram, the beach is shown with a lot of people sunbathing, playing beach volleyball, and swimming in the water. These activities are typically associated with the warm weather of summer. Additionally, the trees in the background have full foliage, indicating that it is not winter or fall.Rate this question:
-
- 16.
How deep/thick are Barrier Islands?
- A.
30 - 60 feet
- B.
10 - 20 feet
- C.
20 - 40 feet
- D.
40 - 70 feet
Correct Answer
A. 30 - 60 feetExplanation
Barrier Islands are typically characterized by their relatively shallow depth or thickness. The correct answer of 30 - 60 feet aligns with this characteristic. These islands are formed by the deposition of sand and sediment along the coast, creating a barrier between the open ocean and the mainland. The depth or thickness of these islands can vary depending on factors such as wave action, sediment availability, and sea level changes. However, on average, barrier islands tend to have a depth or thickness within the range of 30 - 60 feet.Rate this question:
-
- 17.
Identify this hard stabilization image and what occurs as a result of its presence:
- A.
It is a seawall. As as result of its presence, wave energy is redirected which enhances the erosion of both the front and sides of the wall.
- B.
It is a groin. As as result of its presence, wave energy is redirected which enhances the erosion of the front of the wall.
- C.
It is a jetty. As as result of its presence, wave energy is redirected which enhances the erosion of the front of the wall.
- D.
It is a breakwater.
- E.
Littoral current.
Correct Answer
A. It is a seawall. As as result of its presence, wave energy is redirected which enhances the erosion of both the front and sides of the wall.Explanation
The correct answer is that it is a seawall. A seawall is a hard stabilization structure built parallel to the shoreline to protect the land from wave action and erosion. As a result of its presence, wave energy is redirected, which can lead to increased erosion of both the front and sides of the wall.Rate this question:
-
- 18.
Identify the kind of hard stabilization shown in this photo:
- A.
This kind of hard stabilization is a groin.
- B.
This kind of hard stabilization is a jetty.
- C.
This kind of hard stabilization is a seawall.
- D.
This kind of hard stabilization is a breakwater.
- E.
Littoral current.
Correct Answer
A. This kind of hard stabilization is a groin.Explanation
The correct answer is "This kind of hard stabilization is a groin." A groin is a structure built perpendicular to the shoreline, extending into the water. It is designed to trap sand and prevent erosion by interrupting the flow of littoral currents. The photo likely shows a groin structure, which is commonly used in coastal engineering to stabilize beaches and prevent sediment loss.Rate this question:
-
- 19.
Identify this structure:
- A.
Seawall
- B.
Jetty
- C.
Groin
- D.
Breakers
Correct Answer
A. SeawallExplanation
A seawall is a structure built along the shoreline to protect the land from erosion caused by waves and tides. It is typically made of concrete or stone and acts as a barrier, absorbing and reflecting the energy of the waves. Unlike jetties, which are built to stabilize the entrance of a harbor or river, seawalls are designed to provide overall protection to the coastline. Groins, on the other hand, are structures built perpendicular to the shore to trap sand and prevent beach erosion. Breakers are the waves that crash onto the shore.Rate this question:
-
- 20.
What is littoral drift?
- A.
The movement of sand by the long shore current along the shoreline.
- B.
The tidal accumulation of sand parallel to the island.
- C.
The tidal flow of sand into the sound accumulating in a flood tidal delta.
- D.
The tidal movement of sand along the sound side of the island.
Correct Answer
A. The movement of sand by the long shore current along the shoreline.Explanation
Littoral drift refers to the movement of sand along the shoreline caused by the long shore current. This current runs parallel to the shoreline and carries sediment, such as sand, in a zigzag pattern. As the current approaches the shore at an angle, it pushes the sand along the beach in one direction. This process is responsible for the natural movement of sand along coastlines, shaping beaches and creating landforms such as spits and barrier islands.Rate this question:
-
- 21.
The deep root system of American Beach grass and Sea Oats help these plants avoid _________________ & _________________.
- A.
Predators and Evaporation
- B.
Transpiration and Predators
- C.
Dehydration and Evaporation
- D.
Transpiration and Evaporation
Correct Answer
C. Dehydration and EvaporationExplanation
The deep root system of American Beach grass and Sea Oats helps these plants avoid dehydration and evaporation. The deep roots enable the plants to access water deep within the soil, reducing the risk of dehydration. Additionally, the roots also help in anchoring the plants firmly in the ground, preventing them from being uprooted by strong winds or waves. This, in turn, helps to minimize the loss of water through evaporation from the leaves.Rate this question:
-
- 22.
What is the effect of salt spray on back dune trees and shrubs?
- A.
Salt spray from wind kills back the tips of the tree and shrub branches causing them to look sheard and grow stunted and twisted.
- B.
Salt spray from wind nourishes the trees and shrubs causing their leaves to grow long and wide.
- C.
Salt spray from wind prevents trees and shrubs from growing on the back dune.
- D.
Dune plants: are evergreen plants with thin, needle like leaves tSalt spray from wind protects the trees and shrubs with a layer of salt covering.hat can tolerate wind, water and salt.
Correct Answer
A. Salt spray from wind kills back the tips of the tree and shrub branches causing them to look sheard and grow stunted and twisted.Explanation
Salt spray from wind kills back the tips of the tree and shrub branches causing them to look sheared and grow stunted and twisted. This is because the salt in the spray can dehydrate the plants and disrupt their ability to absorb water and nutrients. As a result, the branches become damaged and the growth of the trees and shrubs is inhibited, leading to a distorted and stunted appearance.Rate this question:
-
- 23.
Identify the three major forces that effects the row of dunes nearest the ocean:
- A.
Strong winds, whipping sands, glaring sun.
- B.
Strong winds, waves, and whipping sand.
- C.
Strong waves, glaring sun and whipping sands.
Correct Answer
A. Strong winds, whipping sands, glaring sun.Explanation
The row of dunes nearest the ocean is primarily affected by three major forces: strong winds, whipping sands, and glaring sun. These forces contribute to the formation and maintenance of the dunes by shaping the sand, redistributing it, and causing erosion. The strong winds carry and deposit sand particles, while the whipping sands further shape the dunes through abrasion. The glaring sun contributes to the dune formation by drying out the sand and creating a harsh environment for vegetation to grow. Overall, these three forces play a crucial role in the dynamics of the dunes closest to the ocean.Rate this question:
-
- 24.
What is surface creep?
- A.
Surface creep occurs when saltating grains of sand strike heavier grains larger than one millimeter in diameter causing the heavier grains a slight forward movement along the surface.
- B.
Surface creep occurs when saltating grains of sand strike finer grains smaller than one millimeter in diameter causing the finer grains a slight forward movement along the surface.
- C.
Surface creep occurs when saltating grains of sand strike heavier grains larger than one millimeter in diameter causing the finer grains a slight forward movement along the surface.
- D.
Surface creep occurs when saltating grains of sand strike heavier grains larger than one millimeter in diameter causing the heavier grains to suspend in the air from their movement along the surface.
Correct Answer
A. Surface creep occurs when saltating grains of sand strike heavier grains larger than one millimeter in diameter causing the heavier grains a slight forward movement along the surface. -
- 25.
What is the "fluid threshold" of saltation?
- A.
Fluid threshold is the wind speed necessary for sand to start saltating under the direct pressure of the wind.
- B.
Fluid threshold is the wind speed necessary to maintain saltation once it has begun
- C.
Fluid threshold is how all the surfaces respond to each other as they move.
- D.
Fluid threshold is wind speeds above 20 mph that occur above the windy side of a dune.
Correct Answer
A. Fluid threshold is the wind speed necessary for sand to start saltating under the direct pressure of the wind. -
- 26.
What makes sand accumulate into piles rather than spread out evenly over an area?
- A.
Sand tends to accumulate any place where there is a sufficient reduction of wind energy in the direction that sand drifts in and any obstacle, such as a rock outcrop or a stand of vegetation, forces sand accumulation by lowering the wind speed.
- B.
Sand tends to accumulate any place where there is a abundant wind velocity in the direction that sand drifts in and any obstacle, such as a rock outcrop or a stand of vegetation, forces sand accumulation by lowering the wind speed.
- C.
Sand tends to accumulate any place where there is a sufficient reduction of sand in the sand drifts in and any obstacle, such as a rock outcrop or a stand of vegetation, forces sand accumulation by sustaining the wind speed.
- D.
Sand tends to accumulate any place where there is a sufficient reduction of sand in the sand drifts in and any obstacle, such as a rock outcrop or a stand of vegetation, forces sand accumulation by lowering the wind speed.
Correct Answer
A. Sand tends to accumulate any place where there is a sufficient reduction of wind energy in the direction that sand drifts in and any obstacle, such as a rock outcrop or a stand of vegetation, forces sand accumulation by lowering the wind speed.Explanation
Sand accumulates into piles rather than spreading out evenly over an area because of two main factors. First, there needs to be a sufficient reduction of wind energy in the direction that sand drifts in. This means that the wind speed needs to decrease in order for the sand to settle and accumulate. Second, any obstacle, such as a rock outcrop or a stand of vegetation, further contributes to sand accumulation by lowering the wind speed. These obstacles disrupt the flow of wind, causing it to slow down and allowing the sand particles to settle and pile up.Rate this question:
-
- 27.
Substrate is:
- A.
Bottom material ocean organisms live in or on.
- B.
Bottom material found in the ocean.
- C.
Bottom material organisms live in or on.
- D.
Subtidal nutrients.
Correct Answer
C. Bottom material organisms live in or on.Explanation
The correct answer is "Bottom material organisms live in or on." This answer accurately describes the term "substrate" as the material that provides a habitat or support for organisms in the ocean. It implies that the substrate can be both a physical structure and a living environment for marine organisms.Rate this question:
-
- 28.
How does water level affect organisms in the subtidal zone?
- A.
Organisms need to be able to breathe water or hold their breath for long periods of time.
- B.
All organisms need to adapt to be submerged at all times.
- C.
All organisms need to alternate between breathing air or breathing water.
- D.
All organisms need to hold their breath for long periods of time to be submerged.
Correct Answer
A. Organisms need to be able to breathe water or hold their breath for long periods of time.Explanation
The correct answer suggests that organisms in the subtidal zone need to be able to breathe water or hold their breath for long periods of time. This is because the water level in the subtidal zone is consistently high, and organisms in this zone are constantly submerged. Therefore, they need to have adaptations that allow them to obtain oxygen from the water or hold their breath for extended periods to survive in this environment.Rate this question:
-
- 29.
Match the location where the intertidal zone is found.
- A.
The intertidal zone is between the high and low tide lines.
- B.
The intertidal zone is above the high tide line.
- C.
The intertidal zone is below the high tide line.
- D.
The intertidal zone is between the sand bar and the berm.
- E.
The intertidal zone is between the swash zone (shoreface where waves break) and the dune.
Correct Answer
A. The intertidal zone is between the high and low tide lines.Explanation
The intertidal zone is the area between the high and low tide lines. This means that it is the region of the shore that is submerged during high tide and exposed during low tide. The organisms that live in this zone must be able to tolerate both the harsh conditions of being underwater and the exposure to air and sunlight. This area is also influenced by the daily rise and fall of the tides, which brings in nutrients and oxygen for the organisms to survive.Rate this question:
-
- 30.
Match the location where the subtidal zone is found.
- A.
The subtidal zone is between the high and low tide lines.
- B.
The subtidal zone is above the high tide line.
- C.
The subtidal zone is always covered by water, below the low tide water line.
- D.
The subtidal zone is between the sand bar and the berm.
- E.
The subtidal zone is between the swash zone (shoreface where waves break) and the dune.
Correct Answer
C. The subtidal zone is always covered by water, below the low tide water line.Explanation
The correct answer is that the subtidal zone is always covered by water, below the low tide water line. This means that the subtidal zone is the area that is consistently underwater, even during low tide when other areas may be exposed. It is located below the low tide water line, which is the point where the water recedes to during low tide. This distinguishes it from the intertidal zone, which is the area that is exposed during low tide and covered during high tide.Rate this question:
-
- 31.
Match the location where the supratidal zone is found.
- A.
The supratidal zone is between the high and low tide lines
- B.
The supratidal zone is above the high tide line.
- C.
The supratidal zone is below the high tide line.
- D.
The supratidal zone is between the sand bar and the berm.
- E.
The supratidal zone is between the swash zone (shoreface where waves break) and the dune.
Correct Answer
B. The supratidal zone is above the high tide line.Explanation
The supratidal zone is the area above the high tide line. It is the portion of the beach that is only exposed to air and not submerged by water, even during high tide. This zone is typically dry and is influenced by wave action and wind. It is also known as the splash zone because it is occasionally wetted by splashing waves. Organisms in this zone have adapted to survive in harsh conditions such as exposure to sunlight, wind, and salt spray.Rate this question:
-
- 32.
What causes shoreline habitats to have extremes in water temperature?
- A.
Longshore current
- B.
Currents and tides
- C.
Distance from shore and waves
- D.
Currents and gravitational pull of the sun and the moon
Correct Answer
B. Currents and tidesExplanation
Currents and tides can cause shoreline habitats to have extremes in water temperature. Currents, which are the continuous flow of water in a particular direction, can bring warmer or colder water to the shoreline, affecting the temperature. Tides, which are the rising and falling of the sea level, can also influence water temperature by bringing in colder water from deeper parts of the ocean or warmer water from shallow areas. These natural processes can create fluctuations in water temperature along the shoreline, impacting the habitats and organisms that rely on stable temperature conditions.Rate this question:
-
- 33.
What is the difference between scavengers and decomposers?
- A.
When an organism dies, scavengers consume much of the organic debris, particularly animal debris. Decomposers are bacteria and fungi that complete the final step in the food web.
- B.
When an organism dies, decomposers scavenge the remains, there is no difference between decomposers and scavengers.
- C.
When an organism dies scavengers consisting of bacteria and fungi complete the process in the food web.
- D.
Both are detrital. When an organism dies uneaten debris is broken down by wave action, wind, heat, forming detritus
Correct Answer
A. When an organism dies, scavengers consume much of the organic debris, particularly animal debris. Decomposers are bacteria and fungi that complete the final step in the food web.Explanation
Scavengers and decomposers both play important roles in the decomposition process, but they have distinct differences. Scavengers are organisms that consume the organic debris, especially animal remains, when an organism dies. They help to break down the remains and recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem. On the other hand, decomposers, which are bacteria and fungi, complete the final step in the food web by breaking down the remaining organic matter into simpler substances. They play a crucial role in the nutrient cycle by releasing nutrients that can be used by other organisms.Rate this question:
-
- 34.
What is the original source of energy for the entire seashore community?
- A.
The original source of energy is the sun.
- B.
The original source of energy is the ocean.
- C.
The original source of energy are the producers.
- D.
The original source of energy is the moon and tides.
Correct Answer
A. The original source of energy is the sun.Explanation
The sun is the original source of energy for the entire seashore community. It provides sunlight, which is essential for photosynthesis in plants and algae, the primary producers in the ecosystem. These producers convert sunlight into chemical energy through photosynthesis, which then fuels the entire food chain. The energy flows from the producers to the herbivores, carnivores, and decomposers, sustaining the entire seashore community. The ocean, moon, and tides may have secondary effects on the seashore community, but the sun is the primary source of energy.Rate this question:
-
- 35.
Identify the six key environmental factors that affect shoreline habitat:
- A.
Six key shoreline environmental factors: climate, water level, salinity, water temperature, air temperature and substrate.
- B.
Six key shoreline environmental factors: currents, water level, salinity, water temperature, air temperature and substrate.
- C.
Six key shoreline environmental factors: climate, tides, salinity, water temperature, air temperature and substrate.
- D.
Six key shoreline environmental factors: climate, water level, salinity, water temperature, air temperature and sand supply.
Correct Answer
A. Six key shoreline environmental factors: climate, water level, salinity, water temperature, air temperature and substrate.Explanation
The correct answer is "Six key shoreline environmental factors: climate, water level, salinity, water temperature, air temperature and substrate." This answer includes all the factors that affect shoreline habitat, such as climate, water level, salinity, water temperature, air temperature, and substrate. These factors play a crucial role in determining the characteristics and biodiversity of shoreline ecosystems.Rate this question:
-
- 36.
How is energy passed through the community?
- A.
Energy is passed through the community through feeding relationships.
- B.
Energy is passed through the community as organisms move about their habitat.
- C.
Energy is passed through the community through organism decomposition.
- D.
Energy is passed through the community as organisms breed and grow.
Correct Answer
A. Energy is passed through the community through feeding relationships.Explanation
Energy is passed through the community through feeding relationships. This means that energy flows from one organism to another as they consume each other for food. Producers, such as plants, convert sunlight into energy through photosynthesis. This energy is then transferred to herbivores when they eat the plants. Carnivores then consume the herbivores, transferring the energy further up the food chain. This process continues until the energy is eventually transferred to decomposers, which break down dead organisms and release the energy back into the ecosystem. This flow of energy through feeding relationships is crucial for sustaining life in the community.Rate this question:
-
- 37.
Why does air temperature change more quickly than water temperature?
- A.
Water has a high specific heat causing it to take much energy for water to change 1º in temperature change. Air is less dense due to the movement of gas molecules.
- B.
Water has a low specific heat causing it to use much energy for water to change 1º in temperature change. Air is less dense than water.
- C.
Water has a high specific heat causing it to use much energy for water to change 1º in temperature change. Air is more dense than water due to the abundance of gas particles in air.
- D.
Water has a low specific heat causing it to use much energy for water to change 1º in temperature change. Air is more dense than water due to all the gas particles in air.
Correct Answer
A. Water has a high specific heat causing it to take much energy for water to change 1º in temperature change. Air is less dense due to the movement of gas molecules.Explanation
Water has a high specific heat, meaning it requires a large amount of energy to change its temperature. On the other hand, air has a lower specific heat, meaning it requires less energy to change its temperature. Additionally, air is less dense than water due to the movement of gas molecules. This combination of water's high specific heat and air's lower density allows air temperature to change more quickly than water temperature.Rate this question:
-
- 38.
Oxygen is plentiful in the ocean beach habitat because of which three factors:
- A.
Wind coming off the ocean, the presence of water coming in with the tides and in the space between the sand sediment.
- B.
The presence of water coming in with the tides, salt spray and plants.
- C.
The wind coming off the ocean, salt spray and plants.
- D.
The wind coming off the ocean, the presence of water coming in with the tides and plants.
Correct Answer
A. Wind coming off the ocean, the presence of water coming in with the tides and in the space between the sand sediment.Explanation
The correct answer is wind coming off the ocean, the presence of water coming in with the tides and in the space between the sand sediment. This is because wind coming off the ocean helps to oxygenate the water, bringing in fresh oxygen. The presence of water coming in with the tides also helps to introduce oxygen into the habitat. Additionally, the space between the sand sediment allows for oxygen to be trapped and circulated within the habitat.Rate this question:
-
- 39.
Intertidal beach life is nourished largely by _______________ brought in by ____________.
- A.
Plankton, tides.
- B.
Zooplankton, waves.
- C.
Phytoplankton, waves.
- D.
Plankton, waves.
Correct Answer
A. Plankton, tides.Explanation
Intertidal beach life is nourished largely by plankton, which is brought in by tides. Plankton refers to tiny organisms, including both phytoplankton (plant-like) and zooplankton (animal-like), that float in the water. Tides, the rise and fall of sea levels caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun, bring in nutrient-rich water that supports the growth of plankton. This plankton serves as a primary food source for many intertidal organisms, such as shellfish, crabs, and small fish, making tides crucial for their survival and the overall ecosystem of the intertidal zone.Rate this question:
-
- 40.
Tides- the twice daily high and low flow of water onto and into a low lying shore area caused by the:
- A.
Moon and sun’s gravitational pull on Earth.
- B.
Earth's rotation and its gravitational pull.
- C.
Sun’s gravitational pull on Earth.
- D.
The oceans wave energy.
Correct Answer
A. Moon and sun’s gravitational pull on Earth.Explanation
Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun on Earth. The moon's gravity primarily causes the tides, as it is closer to Earth and has a stronger gravitational force compared to the sun. However, the sun's gravity also plays a role in causing tides, although its effect is slightly weaker. The combined gravitational pull of the moon and sun creates the twice-daily high and low flow of water onto and into a low lying shore area, resulting in tides.Rate this question:
-
- 41.
The action of ____________________ sweeps large, heavy shell particles and sand across the substrate surface, sometimes causing abrasions or burying plants and animals.
- A.
Waves
- B.
Tides
- C.
Longshore current
- D.
Winds
Correct Answer
A. WavesExplanation
Waves have the ability to sweep large, heavy shell particles and sand across the substrate surface. This action can lead to abrasions or burying of plants and animals. Waves are formed due to the wind's force on the water surface, causing it to move in a circular motion. As waves approach the shore, they break and crash onto the substrate, resulting in the displacement of sediment. This continuous movement of waves is responsible for the transport of particles and the potential harm they can cause to organisms and their habitats.Rate this question:
-
- 42.
Elevation and slope of the coastal habitats land determine:
- A.
How far the tidal zones extend in a habitat.
- B.
How far the longshore current moves sand.
- C.
How far the overwash fan stretches into the sound.
- D.
How far the littoral drift carries and deposits sand.
Correct Answer
A. How far the tidal zones extend in a habitat.Explanation
The elevation and slope of coastal habitats determine how far the tidal zones extend in a habitat. Tidal zones are areas that are affected by the rise and fall of tides, and their extent is influenced by the topography of the land. Higher elevations and steeper slopes will limit the reach of tidal zones, while lower elevations and gentler slopes will allow them to extend further inland. Therefore, the elevation and slope of coastal habitats play a crucial role in determining the extent of tidal zones in a habitat.Rate this question:
-
- 43.
On the NC coast the tidal range is between ____ and ____ meters, depending on the general location of the shoreline.
- A.
0.6 and 1.3 meters
- B.
0.1 and 2.0 meters
- C.
.01 and .002 meters
- D.
.5 and 2.0 meters
Correct Answer
A. 0.6 and 1.3 metersExplanation
The tidal range on the NC coast can vary between 0.6 and 1.3 meters, depending on the general location of the shoreline.Rate this question:
-
- 44.
Identify each of the seven barrier island coastal habitats in order from 1-7:
- A.
Ocean, Ocean Beach, Sand Dune, Maritime Forest, Salt Marsh, Sound, Tidal Flat.
- B.
Ocean, Ocean Beach, Sand Dune, Maritime Forest, Salt Marsh, Sound, Rock Jetty.
- C.
Ocean Beach, Ocean, Sand Dune, Maritime Forest, Salt Marsh, Sound, Tidal Flat.
- D.
Ocean, Longshore Current, Sand Dune, Maritime Forest, Salt Marsh, Sound, Tidal Flat.
Correct Answer
A. Ocean, Ocean Beach, Sand Dune, Maritime Forest, Salt Marsh, Sound, Tidal Flat.Explanation
The correct answer is Ocean, Ocean Beach, Sand Dune, Maritime Forest, Salt Marsh, Sound, Tidal Flat. This order represents the progression of barrier island coastal habitats from the open ocean to the landward side. The ocean is the first habitat, followed by the ocean beach, which is the sandy area directly adjacent to the ocean. The sand dune habitat is formed by wind-blown sand and is found further inland. The maritime forest is a wooded area that develops on the dunes. The salt marsh is a wetland habitat found behind the dunes, followed by the sound, which is a body of water between the island and the mainland. Finally, the tidal flat is a mudflat area that is exposed during low tide.Rate this question:
-
- 45.
Identify the season beach change shown in the diagram below:
- A.
Spring
- B.
Winter
- C.
Summer
- D.
Fall
Correct Answer
B. WinterExplanation
The diagram shows a beach covered in snow, indicating a cold and snowy season. This aligns with the characteristics of winter, where temperatures are low and precipitation often occurs in the form of snow.Rate this question:
-
- 46.
Identify the season beach change shown in the diagram below:
- A.
Spring.
- B.
Summer.
- C.
Fall.
- D.
Winter.
Correct Answer
A. Spring.Explanation
The correct answer is Spring because the diagram shows a beach with blooming flowers and green grass, which are typical characteristics of the spring season. In spring, the weather becomes warmer, and plants start to grow and bloom after the winter season. This is evident in the diagram, making Spring the most suitable season to identify.Rate this question:
-
- 47.
Identify which beach season is shown in the diagram below:
- A.
Fall.
- B.
Winter.
- C.
Spring.
- D.
Summer.
Correct Answer
A. Fall.Explanation
The diagram below shows leaves falling from trees, indicating that it is the fall season. The colors of the leaves are also changing, which is a characteristic of autumn. Therefore, the correct answer is fall.Rate this question:
-
- 48.
What does this arrow identify?
- A.
Longshore current.
- B.
Tidal current.
- C.
Ebb tidal delta.
- D.
Flood tidal delta.
- E.
Littoral current.
Correct Answer
A. Longshore current.Explanation
The arrow in the question identifies a longshore current. A longshore current is a current that flows parallel to the shoreline, caused by waves approaching the shore at an angle. It moves sediment along the coast, creating sandbars and beaches. This is different from a tidal current, which is caused by the rise and fall of tides, and an ebb or flood tidal delta, which are landforms created by the deposition or erosion of sediment at the mouth of a river. A littoral current refers to the movement of water and sediment along the coastline.Rate this question:
-
- 49.
What does this diagram show?
- A.
Barrier island migration.
- B.
Barrier island rollover.
- C.
Barrier island formation
- D.
Barrier island shoreface erosion.
Correct Answer
A. Barrier island migration.Explanation
The diagram shows the process of barrier island migration. Barrier islands are landforms that are constantly shifting and moving due to various natural factors such as wave action, tides, and currents. This movement is known as migration. The diagram likely depicts the movement of a barrier island over time, showing how it changes its position and shape in response to the forces of nature.Rate this question:
-
- 50.
Why are the Outer Banks so far from the mainland coast of North Carolina?
- A.
With sea level rise, the mainland coastal plain receded faster than the islands had migrated landward.
- B.
The Outer Banks are floating seaward due to migration.
- C.
The Outer Banks are returning to their original location further out on the continental shelf.
- D.
Sound waters in the basin behind the Outer Banks are filling with sand causing the islands to roll seaward.
Correct Answer
A. With sea level rise, the mainland coastal plain receded faster than the islands had migrated landward.Explanation
Due to sea level rise, the mainland coastal plain of North Carolina receded faster than the islands of the Outer Banks migrated landward. This means that while the mainland moved further away from the coast, the islands did not keep up with this movement and stayed in their original location, resulting in the Outer Banks being far from the mainland coast.Rate this question:
-
.png "Identify the season beach change shown in the diagram below:")
.png "Identify the season beach change shown in the diagram below:")
Quiz Review Timeline +
Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
-
Current Version
-
Mar 19, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Jun 02, 2017Quiz Created by
Rhaveno
- Aeronautics Quizzes
- Aerospace Quizzes
- Agricultural Science Quizzes
- Astrology Quizzes
- Astronomy Quizzes
- Atom Quizzes
- Biochemistry Quizzes
- Biology Quizzes
- Biomechanics Quizzes
- Biostatistics Quizzes
- Biotechnology Quizzes
- Botany Quizzes
- Branches Of Science Quizzes
- Chemistry Quizzes
- Cytology Quizzes
- Easy Science Quizzes
- Ecology Quizzes
- Electrical Quizzes
- Embryology Quizzes
- Endocrinology Quizzes
- Engineering Quizzes
- Environmental Science Quizzes
- Epidemiology Quizzes
- Experiment Quizzes
- Forestry Quizzes
- Fossil Quizzes
- Gas Quizzes
- General Science Quizzes
- Genetics Quizzes
- Histology Quizzes
- Human Biology Quizzes
- Integrated Science Quizzes
- Invention Quizzes
- Library Science Quizzes
- Lighting Quizzes
- Liquid Quizzes
- Marine Biology Quizzes
- Microbiology Quizzes
- Molecular Biology Quizzes
- Nature Quizzes
- Neuroscience Quizzes
- Nuclear Science Quizzes
- Oceanography Quizzes
- Physics Quizzes
- Psychology Quizzes
- Science And Technology Quizzes
- Science Glossary Quizzes
- Science Knowledge Quizzes
- Science Practice Quizzes
- Scientific Method Quizzes
- Scientific Notation Quizzes
- Soil Science Quizzes
- Solar System Quizzes
- Solid Quizzes
- Zoology Quizzes
Back to top