Clinical Anatomy: Quiz 2.2

The distinct lever arm of the femur is known as the femoral neck. This is the part of the femur that connects the head of the femur (the ball-shaped top part) to the shaft of the bone. The femoral neck plays an important role in transmitting forces and providing stability to the hip joint. It acts as a lever arm for the muscles that move the hip, allowing for efficient movement and control.

The internal architecture of the femur is composed of trabeculae, which are structures designed to resist the high stress and strain on the head and neck of the femur. Trabeculae are small, interconnected columns of bone that form a lattice-like structure within the bone. This arrangement helps distribute forces evenly and provides strength and support to the femur, preventing fractures and maintaining structural integrity.

Trabeculae are formed along lines of stress. Trabeculae are small, interconnected, bony spicules that form a lattice-like structure within cancellous (spongy) bone. They provide support and help distribute forces along the lines of stress, making the bone stronger and more resistant to fractures. This arrangement allows for efficient weight-bearing and optimal utilization of bone material.

The correct answer is trochanteric bundle and lateral bundle. These two accessory trabeculae are found in the femoral head. The trochanteric bundle is located on the medial side of the femoral head and extends towards the greater trochanter. The lateral bundle, on the other hand, is found on the lateral side of the femoral head and extends towards the lesser trochanter. These trabeculae help to provide support and strength to the femoral head, ensuring proper functioning of the hip joint.

The correct answer is "arcuate bundle and supporting bundle, supporting bundle and arcuate bundle". The question is asking for the two main trabeculae of the femoral head, and both options provide the same two trabeculae, just in a different order. Therefore, either option can be considered correct.

The intersection of the supporting and arcuate bundles in the head of the femur creates the nucleus of the head. This refers to a central region or core within the head of the femur bone. The supporting and arcuate bundles are likely referring to ligaments or connective tissue structures that intersect at this point, forming the nucleus. This intersection may play a role in providing stability and support to the femur bone.

The term "zone of weakness" refers to the areas between two intersections where there is a lower bone density. This means that these specific areas are more vulnerable and prone to fractures or other bone-related issues. The term highlights the importance of these zones in terms of potential weaknesses in the bone structure.

The pelvis has two main trabecular systems, the sacroacetabular system and the sacroischial system. These systems are both laid by weight-bearing activities.

The hip joint capsule is made up of four distinct sets of fibers: arcuate, circular, longitudinal, and oblique. These fibers provide stability and support to the hip joint, allowing for its range of motion and preventing excessive movement or dislocation.

The circular fibers on the hip joint capsule form the zona obicularis, which divides the capsule into a medial and lateral chamber.

The correct answer is frenula. Frenula are accordion-like folds that are found on the inferior and superior aspects of the capsule. These folds help to provide stability and support to the capsule, allowing it to maintain its shape and function properly. Frenula are commonly found in various parts of the body, including the mouth, where they help to connect the tongue to the floor of the mouth.

The iliofemoral ligament is also known as the Y ligament of Bigelow

The ischiofemoral ligament is one of the three ligaments that strengthen the hip joint capsule. It is located on the posterior side of the hip joint.

The ligmanetum teres does not provide support to the hip joint. Its main function is to guide the branch of the obturator artery as it travels to the fovea of the femur. Therefore, the statement is true.

They are most often found in the ends of long bones.

They wrap around in a clockwise (or toward the front) direction.

The frenula of the hip joint capsule allow for full range of motion in the motions of adduction and abduction. These motions involve moving the leg towards or away from the midline of the body. The frenula are fibrous bands that help to stabilize the hip joint and prevent excessive movement. Therefore, when the frenula are intact, the hip joint can move freely in the adduction and abduction motions.

no blood vessels in the joint capsule; nutrition usually comes though synovial fluid or back way though the bone)