Nutrition - Chapter 7 - Vitamins

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Questions and Answers
  • 1. 

    Vitamin A can also be known as-(select all that apply)

    • A.

      Retinol

    • B.

      Tocopherol

    • C.

      Provitamin A

    • D.

      Beta-carotene

    • E.

      Calciferol

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Retinol
    C. Provitamin A
    D. Beta-carotene
    Explanation
    Vitamin A can be known as retinol, provitamin A, and beta-carotene. Retinol is the active form of vitamin A found in animal sources, while provitamin A refers to compounds that can be converted into vitamin A in the body, such as beta-carotene. Beta-carotene is a pigment found in plants that can be converted into vitamin A by the body. Tocopherol and calciferol are not forms of vitamin A, but rather forms of vitamin E and D, respectively.

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  • 2. 

    The name “Vitamin” implies their important. Vita in latin means ____.

    Correct Answer(s)
    life
    Explanation
    The name "Vitamin" implies their importance because "Vita" in Latin means life. This suggests that vitamins are essential for sustaining and promoting life.

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  • 3. 

    Megadoses- Can be ______, so vitamins should not be overused.

    Correct Answer(s)
    toxic
    poisionous
    Explanation
    Megadoses of vitamins can be toxic or poisonous, which is why they should not be overused.

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  • 4. 

    Vitamins were originally named by ______ until research showed that vitamins thought to be a single substance were actually  groups of substances doing similar work in the body.

    • A.

      Number

    • B.

      Shape

    • C.

      Letter

    • D.

      Smell

    • E.

      Strength

    Correct Answer
    C. Letter
    Explanation
    Vitamins were originally named by letter until research showed that vitamins thought to be a single substance were actually groups of substances doing similar work in the body. This means that vitamins were initially named using letters of the alphabet to distinguish them from one another. However, further research revealed that what was once believed to be a single vitamin was actually a group of substances with similar functions in the body. Therefore, the correct answer is letter.

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  • 5. 

    Research showed that vitamins thought to be a single substance were actually  groups of substances doing similar work in the body. An example of this is Vitamin _ also referred to as the _ complex.

    Correct Answer
    B
    b
    Explanation
    Research has revealed that vitamins, which were initially believed to be single substances, are actually groups of substances that perform similar functions in the body. One example of this is Vitamin B, which is also referred to as the B complex. The B complex includes several different vitamins, such as B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, and B12, all of which play important roles in various bodily processes.

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  • 6. 

    Number of Vitamins-

    Correct Answer
    13
    Explanation
    The answer is 13 because there are 13 different types of vitamins that are essential for the human body. These include vitamin A, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12, C, D, E, and K. Each vitamin has its own specific function and plays a vital role in maintaining overall health and well-being.

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  • 7. 

    Vitamins are currently named  according to their _________ or ________.(select those that apply)

    • A.

      Source

    • B.

      Strength

    • C.

      Function in the body

    • D.

      Chemical composition

    • E.

      Taste

    Correct Answer(s)
    C. Function in the body
    D. Chemical composition
    Explanation
    Vitamins are named according to their function in the body and their chemical composition. The names of vitamins are typically based on the specific role they play in the body and their chemical structure. For example, vitamin C is named ascorbic acid, which reflects its chemical composition, and vitamin D is named for its role in promoting calcium absorption and bone health. By naming vitamins based on their function and chemical composition, it helps to categorize and differentiate them based on their specific properties and benefits.

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  • 8. 

    1997- Food & Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine established ___________________.

    • A.

      Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) to replace the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA’s).

    • B.

      Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA’s) to replace the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)

    Correct Answer
    A. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) to replace the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA’s).
    Explanation
    In 1997, the Food & Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine established the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) to replace the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs). This means that the DRIs were introduced as a new set of guidelines to provide more comprehensive and up-to-date recommendations for nutrient intake. The RDAs, which were previously used, were replaced by the DRIs to reflect the latest scientific research and to provide a more accurate and individualized approach to nutrition.

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  • 9. 

    (ULs) Upper Limits  are the ______ level of daily intake unlikely to cause adverse effects & is not a recommended level of intake.

    Correct Answer
    maximum
    Explanation
    The term "maximum" refers to the upper limits of daily intake that are unlikely to cause any negative effects and are not recommended as a level of intake. In other words, it represents the highest amount of a substance that can be consumed without causing harm.

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  • 10. 

    Hypervitaminosis is-

    • A.

      Without vitamins

    • B.

      Excess of one or more vitamins

    Correct Answer
    B. Excess of one or more vitamins
    Explanation
    Hypervitaminosis refers to the condition of having an excessive amount of one or more vitamins in the body. This can occur when a person takes excessive amounts of vitamin supplements or consumes too many foods that are fortified with vitamins. It can lead to various symptoms and health problems depending on the specific vitamin involved.

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  • 11. 

    Avitaminosis is-

    • A.

      Without vitamins

    • B.

      Excess of one or more vitamins

    Correct Answer
    A. Without vitamins
    Explanation
    Avitaminosis refers to a condition characterized by a deficiency of one or more vitamins in the body. It occurs when an individual does not consume an adequate amount of vitamins through their diet, leading to various health problems. This can result in symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, impaired immune function, and even specific vitamin deficiency diseases like scurvy or rickets. Therefore, avitaminosis means "without vitamins" and signifies the absence or insufficiency of essential nutrients required for proper bodily functions.

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  • 12. 

    According to the FDA, the body cannot distinguish between a vitamin of plant or animal orgin and one manufactured in a laboratory.

    • A.

      True

    • B.

      False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The explanation for the given correct answer, which is True, is that according to the FDA (Food and Drug Administration), the body is unable to distinguish between a vitamin derived from plants or animals and one that is produced in a laboratory. This means that the body processes and utilizes these vitamins in the same way, regardless of their source.

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  • 13. 

    Natural vs. Synthetic Vitamins-Once they have been dismantled by digestion, the two types of vitamins are chemically different.

    • A.

      True

    • B.

      False

    Correct Answer
    B. False
    Explanation
    The statement is false because once vitamins have been dismantled by digestion, whether they are natural or synthetic, they are chemically the same. The body does not differentiate between the two types of vitamins once they have been broken down. Therefore, there is no chemical difference between natural and synthetic vitamins after digestion.

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  • 14. 

    When nutrients (vitamins/minerals) are lost during processing & are added back into the final product.

    • A.

      Enriched

    • B.

      Fortified

    • C.

      Restored foods

    Correct Answer
    A. Enriched
    Explanation
    Enriched foods refer to the products in which nutrients that were lost during processing are added back into the final product. This is done to enhance the nutritional value of the food. It is different from fortified foods, which involve the addition of nutrients that were not originally present in the food. Restored foods, on the other hand, is not a commonly used term in the context of food processing and does not accurately describe the process of adding back lost nutrients. Therefore, the correct answer is Enriched.

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  • 15. 

    When a vitamin/mineral is added to a product that never had it to begin with.

    • A.

      Enriched

    • B.

      Fortified

    • C.

      Restored foods

    Correct Answer
    B. Fortified
    Explanation
    Fortified foods refer to products that have had a vitamin or mineral added to them, even though they did not originally contain it. This process is done to enhance the nutritional value of the food. The term "fortified" is used specifically for products that have been enriched with additional nutrients. Therefore, the correct answer for this question is "Fortified".

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  • 16. 

    Vitamins taken in addition to those received in the diet. These are available in concentrated forms in a tablet, capsule, or liquid form.

    Correct Answer
    vitamin supplements
    Supplements
    Supplement
    vitamin supplement
    Explanation
    The given answer options all refer to the same concept - additional vitamins that are taken in addition to those received through the diet. These additional vitamins are available in concentrated forms such as tablets, capsules, or liquid form. Therefore, the correct answer is any of the options provided: vitamin supplements, Supplements, Supplement, or vitamin supplement.

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  • 17. 

    Which of these vitamins are Fat Soluble?(Select all that apply)

    • A.

      A

    • B.

      C

    • C.

      Thiamine B1

    • D.

      E

    • E.

      Biotin

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. A
    D. E
    Explanation
    Vitamins A and E are fat-soluble, meaning they can dissolve in fats and oils. This allows them to be stored in the body's fatty tissues and liver. Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed along with dietary fats and are best absorbed when consumed with a meal that contains fat. Thiamine B1 and biotin, on the other hand, are water-soluble vitamins, which means they dissolve in water and are not stored in the body. They need to be consumed regularly as any excess is excreted in urine.

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  • 18. 

    Which of these vitamins are Fat Soluble?(Select all that apply)

    • A.

      C

    • B.

      B6

    • C.

      D

    • D.

      K

    • E.

      Folate

    Correct Answer(s)
    C. D
    D. K
    Explanation
    Vitamin D and vitamin K are fat-soluble vitamins. Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed and stored in the body's fat tissues and liver. They require dietary fat for absorption and can be stored in the body for longer periods of time. Vitamin D helps in the absorption of calcium and phosphate, while vitamin K is important for blood clotting and bone health.

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  • 19. 

    Which of these vitamins are Water-Soluble?(Select all that apply)

    • A.

      Thiamine B1

    • B.

      C

    • C.

      D

    • D.

      E

    • E.

      Niacin

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Thiamine B1
    B. C
    E. Niacin
    Explanation
    Thiamine B1, vitamin C, and niacin are water-soluble vitamins. Water-soluble vitamins are those that dissolve in water and are easily absorbed by the body. They are not stored in large amounts and any excess is usually excreted through urine. Thiamine B1, vitamin C, and niacin are all essential for various bodily functions and must be obtained through diet or supplements since the body cannot produce them in sufficient amounts. Vitamin D and vitamin E, on the other hand, are fat-soluble vitamins, meaning they dissolve in fat and are stored in the body's fatty tissues.

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  • 20. 

    Which of these vitamins are Water-Soluble?(Select all that apply)

    • A.

      A

    • B.

      Riboflavin B2

    • C.

      K

    • D.

      Folate

    • E.

      Pantothenic Acid

    Correct Answer(s)
    B. Riboflavin B2
    D. Folate
    E. Pantothenic Acid
    Explanation
    Riboflavin B2, Folate, and Pantothenic Acid are water-soluble vitamins. Water-soluble vitamins are those that dissolve in water and are easily absorbed by the body. They are not stored in large amounts in the body and any excess is usually excreted through urine. Riboflavin B2 is important for energy production, Folate is essential for cell growth and development, and Pantothenic Acid is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

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  • 21. 

    Colbalamin is also know as-

    • A.

      B2

    • B.

      B6

    • C.

      B12

    • D.

      B1

    Correct Answer
    C. B12
    Explanation
    Cobalamin is another term for vitamin B12. It is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in the formation of red blood cells, DNA synthesis, and proper functioning of the nervous system. It is primarily found in animal-based foods such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy products. Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to anemia, fatigue, and neurological problems. Therefore, the correct answer is B12.

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  • 22. 

    Thiamine is also know as-

    • A.

      B2

    • B.

      B6

    • C.

      B12

    • D.

      B1

    Correct Answer
    D. B1
    Explanation
    Thiamine is also known as B1.

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  • 23. 

    Riboflavin is also know as-

    • A.

      B2

    • B.

      B6

    • C.

      B12

    • D.

      B1

    Correct Answer
    A. B2
    Explanation
    Riboflavin is commonly known as B2 because it is one of the eight B vitamins. B vitamins play a crucial role in maintaining a healthy metabolism and are involved in various cellular processes. Riboflavin is essential for the production of energy, the metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates, and the maintenance of healthy skin, eyes, and nervous system. Therefore, B2 is the correct answer to the question.

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  • 24. 

    Pyridoxine is also know as-

    • A.

      B2

    • B.

      B6

    • C.

      B12

    • D.

      B1

    Correct Answer
    B. B6
    Explanation
    Pyridoxine is commonly known as B6. It is one of the B vitamins and plays a crucial role in various bodily functions. B6 is involved in metabolism, nervous system function, and the production of red blood cells. It is also important for brain development and function. Therefore, B6 is the correct answer for the given question.

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  • 25. 

    Vitamins that have no plant sources-(Select all that apply)

    • A.

      A

    • B.

      C

    • C.

      B12

    • D.

      D

    • E.

      K

    Correct Answer(s)
    C. B12
    D. D
    Explanation
    Vitamin B12 and Vitamin D are the vitamins that have no plant sources. Vitamin B12 is mainly found in animal products such as meat, fish, eggs, and dairy. It is essential for the production of red blood cells and the proper functioning of the nervous system. Vitamin D is synthesized by the body when the skin is exposed to sunlight, but it is also found in fatty fish, eggs, and fortified foods. It is important for bone health and immune function.

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  • 26. 

    Vitamin that has no animal sources-

    • A.

      A

    • B.

      E

    • C.

      D

    • D.

      B6

    • E.

      B1

    Correct Answer
    B. E
    Explanation
    Vitamin E is the correct answer because it is the only option that does not have any animal sources. Vitamin A can be found in animal products such as liver and dairy, vitamin D can be obtained from fish oil and egg yolks, vitamin B6 can be found in meat and poultry, and vitamin B1 is present in pork and organ meats. Therefore, only vitamin E does not have any animal sources.

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  • 27. 

    Vitamin ___ is sometimes classified as a hormone.

    • A.

      A

    • B.

      B6

    • C.

      C

    • D.

      D

    • E.

      K

    Correct Answer
    D. D
    Explanation
    Vitamin D is sometimes classified as a hormone because it acts as a hormone in the body. It plays a crucial role in regulating calcium and phosphorus levels, which are essential for bone health. Additionally, it has been found to have an impact on various bodily functions, including immune system function, cell growth, and inflammation. Unlike other vitamins that are primarily obtained through diet, vitamin D can also be synthesized by the body through exposure to sunlight.

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  • 28. 

    A vitamin that has a different chemical form but serves the same purpose in the body.

    Correct Answer
    vitamers
    vitamer
    Vitamers
    Vitamer
    Explanation
    Vitamers refer to different chemical forms of a vitamin that serve the same purpose in the body. These variations may include different molecular structures or slight modifications, but they still provide the same essential functions and benefits to the body. The term "vitamer" can be used in both singular and plural forms, capitalized or not capitalized.

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  • 29. 

    Foods in which vitamins have been replaced.

    • A.

      Enriched

    • B.

      Fortified

    • C.

      Restored foods

    Correct Answer
    C. Restored foods
    Explanation
    The term "restored foods" refers to foods that have had their vitamins replenished or added back after being processed or refined. This process is typically done to restore the nutrients lost during processing. Therefore, restored foods are those that have been modified to include the essential vitamins that were originally present in the natural form of the food.

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  • 30. 

    Some vitamins are destroyed by-(Select all that apply)

    • A.

      Heat

    • B.

      Wind

    • C.

      Light

    • D.

      Air

    • E.

      Water

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Heat
    C. Light
    D. Air
    E. Water
    Explanation
    Vitamins are organic compounds that are sensitive to various environmental factors. Heat can cause the denaturation and degradation of vitamins, leading to their destruction. Similarly, exposure to light can also degrade certain vitamins, especially those that are photosensitive. Air can also contribute to the oxidation and degradation of vitamins, particularly those that are susceptible to oxidation. Water can leach out water-soluble vitamins, leading to their loss. Wind, on the other hand, does not have a significant impact on the destruction of vitamins.

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  • 31. 

    Vitamins that have Green leafy vegetables as a source-(select all that apply)

    • A.

      A

    • B.

      E

    • C.

      K

    • D.

      B2

    • E.

      Folate

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. A
    B. E
    C. K
    D. B2
    E. Folate
    Explanation
    Green leafy vegetables are a rich source of vitamins. Vitamin A is found in high amounts in vegetables like spinach and kale. Vitamin E is also present in green leafy vegetables like broccoli and Swiss chard. Vitamin K is abundant in vegetables such as kale, collard greens, and Brussels sprouts. Vitamin B2, also known as riboflavin, can be obtained from leafy greens like spinach and lettuce. Folate, a B-vitamin, is found in good quantities in vegetables like spinach, broccoli, and Brussels sprouts. Therefore, all of the given options (A, E, K, B2, Folate) are correct answers as they are all vitamins that can be sourced from green leafy vegetables.

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  • 32. 

    Something that comes before something else. Something from which the body can synthesize the specific vitamin.

    Correct Answer(s)
    precursor
    provitamin
    Explanation
    A precursor is something that comes before something else, in this case, it refers to something that comes before the body can synthesize a specific vitamin. A provitamin, on the other hand, is a compound that can be converted into a vitamin by the body. Both terms describe substances that are necessary for the body to produce or obtain certain vitamins.

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  • 33. 

    A substance that causes another substance to react.

    Correct Answer(s)
    Catalyst
    Explanation
    A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy. It does not get consumed in the reaction and remains unchanged at the end. Therefore, it can be considered as a substance that causes another substance to react by lowering the energy barrier required for the reaction to occur.

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  • 34. 

    Healthy people who eat a variety of food using the _______ guidelines should be able to obtain all the vitamins needed to maintain good health.

    Correct Answer(s)
    MyPyramid
    mypyramid
    Explanation
    The MyPyramid guidelines provide a framework for healthy eating, emphasizing the importance of consuming a variety of foods from different food groups. By following these guidelines, individuals can ensure that they are obtaining all the necessary vitamins and nutrients for maintaining good health.

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  • 35. 

    Herbal products are also included under the heading of dietary supplements.

    • A.

      True

    • B.

      False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Herbal products, which are derived from plants and their extracts, are commonly used as dietary supplements. They are often marketed and consumed for their potential health benefits. Since dietary supplements encompass a wide range of products that are intended to supplement the diet, it is accurate to include herbal products under this category. Therefore, the statement is true.

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  • 36. 

    Some people take supplements because they believe-(select all that apply)

    • A.

      Vitamins will make them smarter

    • B.

      Food no longer contains the right nutrients in adequate quantities

    • C.

      Supplements can bulk up muscles and enhace athletic performance

    • D.

      Vitamins provide needed energy

    • E.

      Vitamins & minerals can cure anything

    Correct Answer(s)
    B. Food no longer contains the right nutrients in adequate quantities
    C. Supplements can bulk up muscles and enhace athletic performance
    D. Vitamins provide needed energy
    E. Vitamins & minerals can cure anything
    Explanation
    People may take supplements because they believe that food no longer contains the right nutrients in adequate quantities. They may also believe that supplements can bulk up muscles and enhance athletic performance. Additionally, they may think that vitamins provide needed energy and that vitamins and minerals can cure anything.

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  • 37. 

    A blanced diet would provide for the nutritional needs of healthy people

    • A.

      True

    • B.

      False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    A balanced diet includes a variety of foods from different food groups, providing all the necessary nutrients, vitamins, and minerals required for the body to function properly. It ensures that individuals receive adequate amounts of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, promoting overall health and well-being. Therefore, a balanced diet would indeed meet the nutritional needs of healthy individuals.

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  • 38. 

    Vitamins do not provide energy themselves; they help to release energy from carbs, proteins, & fats that are ingested

    • A.

      True

    • B.

      False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Vitamins are essential nutrients that the body needs in small amounts to function properly. While they do not directly provide energy, they play a crucial role in the process of releasing energy from the macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) that we consume. Vitamins act as coenzymes, which means they assist enzymes in the breakdown of these macronutrients, allowing the body to extract energy from them. Therefore, it is true that vitamins do not provide energy themselves but help in the energy release process.

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  • 39. 

    Only certain diseases caused by vitamin deficiencies can be cured with the help of vitamin supplements

    • A.

      True

    • B.

      False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Certain diseases caused by vitamin deficiencies can be cured with the help of vitamin supplements. This is because when the body lacks certain essential vitamins, it can lead to specific health conditions. By providing the body with the necessary vitamins through supplements, the deficiencies can be addressed, and the related diseases can be cured. However, it is important to note that not all diseases can be cured with vitamin supplements, as some conditions may require other forms of treatment.

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  • 40. 

    Plant pigment; some of which yield Vitamin A

    • A.

      Vitamers

    • B.

      Catalyst

    • C.

      Cartenoids

    • D.

      Precursor

    Correct Answer
    C. Cartenoids
    Explanation
    Carotenoids are plant pigments that are responsible for the bright colors in fruits and vegetables. They are also known to have antioxidant properties and play a crucial role in human health. Some carotenoids, such as beta-carotene, can be converted into Vitamin A in the body. Vitamin A is essential for maintaining healthy vision, immune function, and cell growth. Therefore, carotenoids are important for providing the precursor molecules needed for the synthesis of Vitamin A.

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  • 41. 

    Almost everyone can take a daily multivitamin and mineral supplement without fear of toxicity.

    • A.

      True

    • B.

      False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Daily multivitamin and mineral supplements are generally safe for most people to take without the risk of toxicity. These supplements are designed to provide essential vitamins and minerals that may be lacking in a person's diet. However, it is important to follow the recommended dosage and not exceed the daily intake limits. Individuals with specific health conditions or those taking certain medications should consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen.

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  • 42. 

    A megadose is _____ times the RDA/RDI.

    • A.

      5

    • B.

      10

    • C.

      15

    • D.

      20

    • E.

      25

    Correct Answer
    B. 10
    Explanation
    A megadose is 10 times the Recommended Daily Allowance/Recommended Daily Intake (RDA/RDI). This means that it is a significantly higher amount of a particular nutrient than what is considered necessary for daily consumption. Megadoses are often used in certain medical treatments or as supplementation for specific health conditions, but they should be taken under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as excessive amounts of certain nutrients can have adverse effects on the body.

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  • 43. 

    An excess of one vitamin or mineral can negatively affect the absorption or utilization of other vitamins & minerals.

    • A.

      True

    • B.

      False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Excess intake of one vitamin or mineral can interfere with the absorption or utilization of other vitamins and minerals. This is because certain vitamins and minerals compete for the same transporters or binding sites in the body. For example, excessive intake of zinc can interfere with the absorption of copper, while excessive intake of calcium can inhibit the absorption of iron. Therefore, it is important to maintain a balanced intake of vitamins and minerals to ensure proper absorption and utilization by the body.

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  • 44. 

    Some people are interested in herbs because(select all that apply)

    • A.

      They require no prescription

    • B.

      They believe certain ones can improve their health

    • C.

      They can provide energy

    • D.

      Are often less expensive than prescription drugs

    • E.

      They can bulk up muscle

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. They require no prescription
    B. They believe certain ones can improve their health
    D. Are often less expensive than prescription drugs
    Explanation
    Herbs are popular among some people because they do not require a prescription, meaning they can be easily obtained without consulting a healthcare professional. Additionally, certain herbs are believed to have health-improving properties, which attracts individuals who are interested in alternative medicine. Another reason for the interest in herbs is that they are often less expensive than prescription drugs, making them a more affordable option for some individuals. However, the claim that herbs can bulk up muscles is not supported by scientific evidence and is therefore not a valid reason for the interest in herbs.

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  • 45. 

    The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 – exempts dietary supplements from FDA evaluation unless the FDA has evidence that a product is ______.

    Correct Answer(s)
    harmful
    Explanation
    The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 states that dietary supplements are not required to undergo FDA evaluation, unless there is evidence that the product is harmful. This means that the FDA does not have the authority to regulate or evaluate the safety and efficacy of dietary supplements, unless there are reports or evidence suggesting that the product poses a risk to consumers' health.

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  • 46. 

    Vitamin A forms-(select all that apply)

    • A.

      Preformed - Provitamin A/beta-carotene

    • B.

      Preformed - Retinol

    • C.

      Carotenoides - Provitamin A/beta-carotene

    • D.

      Carotenoides - Retinol

    Correct Answer(s)
    B. Preformed - Retinol
    C. Carotenoides - Provitamin A/beta-carotene
    Explanation
    The correct answer is Preformed - Retinol and Carotenoides - Provitamin A/beta-carotene. Preformed vitamin A refers to the active form of vitamin A that is ready for the body to use, such as retinol. Carotenoids are plant pigments that can be converted into vitamin A in the body, specifically provitamin A/beta-carotene. Therefore, both preformed retinol and carotenoids can contribute to the body's vitamin A levels.

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  • 47. 

    A substance preventing damage from oxygen.

    Correct Answer(s)
    Antioxidant
    Explanation
    An antioxidant is a substance that prevents damage caused by oxygen. Oxygen can create free radicals in the body, which are highly reactive molecules that can cause cell damage and contribute to various health issues. Antioxidants neutralize these free radicals, protecting cells and reducing the risk of oxidative stress. This helps to maintain overall health and prevent diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and aging-related conditions. Antioxidants are commonly found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and seeds.

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  • 48. 

    Atoms or group of atoms with an odd (unpaired) number of electrons and can be found when oxygen interacts with certain molecules.

    Correct Answer(s)
    Free radicals
    Free radical
    Explanation
    Free radicals are atoms or groups of atoms that have an odd number of electrons, making them highly reactive. They can be formed when oxygen interacts with certain molecules. Free radicals are unstable and seek to stabilize themselves by stealing electrons from other molecules, causing damage to cells and tissues. Therefore, the given answer "Free radicals, Free radical" is correct as it accurately describes the atoms or groups of atoms with an unpaired electron and their formation through interaction with oxygen.

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  • 49. 

    Research has shown that a regular consumption of foods rich in carotenoids decreases the risks of some cancers due to its antioxidant effect.

    • A.

      True

    • B.

      False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Regular consumption of foods rich in carotenoids has been shown through research to decrease the risks of some cancers. This is because carotenoids have antioxidant properties, which help to neutralize harmful free radicals in the body that can cause damage to cells and potentially lead to cancer development. Therefore, the statement that a regular consumption of foods rich in carotenoids decreases the risks of some cancers is true.

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  • 50. 

    Blindeness/xerophthalmia can occur due to having a deficiency in-

    Correct Answer
    Vitamin A
    Explanation
    Blindness or xerophthalmia can occur due to a deficiency in Vitamin A. Vitamin A is essential for maintaining healthy vision as it plays a crucial role in the functioning of the retina. A deficiency in Vitamin A can lead to a condition called night blindness, where individuals have difficulty seeing in low light conditions. If the deficiency persists, it can progress to xerophthalmia, a condition characterized by dryness, inflammation, and damage to the cornea, which can eventually lead to blindness. Therefore, ensuring an adequate intake of Vitamin A is crucial for maintaining good eye health.

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Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.

  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Feb 02, 2010
    Quiz Created by
    Learninmama
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